Factors Favoring and Hindering Volunteering by Older Adults and Their Relationship with Subjective Well-Being: A Mixed-Method Approach.

A mixed methodology was used through the triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data to determine older adults' perspectives regarding volunteering and identify what factors can contribute to promoting it, with special emphasis on the role that their own well-being plays in this behavior. The results reveal that satisfaction with life as a whole contributes positively to volunteer behavior and satisfaction with the groups one belongs to contributes negatively. The volunteers were less satisfied than non-volunteers with interpersonal relationships and with the groups they belong to. Knowing the opinion of the older adults with regard to volunteering and understanding how this prosocial behavior relates to their own well-being is very useful for developing strategic plans that allow future volunteers to be captured.

[Educational system and equal opportunities for young people in care: recent studies in the UK]. / Sistema educativo e igualdad de oportunidades entre los jóvenes tutelados: estudios recientes en el Reino Unido.

Publications on research about formal educational itineraries of people who were cared for by the social protection public systems when they were children are scarce, and restricted to a few countries. In recent years, statistics from some European countries have been published, showing that the young people who were cared for are overrepresented in practically all the clusters of people that accumulate indicators of social disadvantage, and it has therefore been argued that they can be considered one of the groups of population with the highest risk for social exclusion. In the present review, the emergence of new data and research results in some European countries--particularly in the United Kingdom, where the fact that less than 5% of this population reaches university studies has been underlined--is tentatively contextualised. Although the extent to which current available data can be extrapolated to other contexts and countries is yet unclear, such results raise important challenges for social intervention and social policies, as well as for psychosocial research, in all countries of the European space.

Prosociality as a Form of Productive Aging: Predictors and Their Relationship With Subjective Well-Being.

The current study emphasizes the importance of active and productive aging to promote health and autonomy among older adults, highlighting effects on social and familial levels. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 198 individuals older than 65 living in Palafrugell, Spain with the objective of determining which factors influence informal helping behavior among older adults and the relationship between these factors and well-being and variables such as perception of health and economic status. Satisfaction with free time and participation in various activities, as well as education level in individuals younger than 80, were identified as predictors of helping behavior. A statistically significant and positive relationship was observed between helping others and satisfaction with free time and feeling happy. This study contributes to understanding prosocial behavior among older adults by examining the relationship between prosocial behavior and subjective well-being and contribution to productive aging. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018; 11(6):306-315.].

[Disruptive behavior in adolescence and its relationship with temperament and coping styles]. / Comportamiento perturbador en la adolescencia y su relación con el temperamento y los estilos de afrontamiento.

Employing the DSM-IV TR classification, which classifies both antisocial behavior disorder and oppositional defiant disorder under the label of disruptive behavior disorder, a study was conducted with two aims: a) to determine the symptomatological differences of disruptive behavior disorder in adolescence depending on gender, age and school location, and b) to analyse the relationships between temperament, coping and the psychopathological dimensions of antisocial and oppositional defiant behavior. The YI-4, EATQ-R and ACS were administered to a sample of 1,240 adolescents between 11 and 17 years of age. The results show that boys display a greater number of antisocial behaviors than girls. No differences in school location were observed. In the oppositional defiant symptoms, there were differences according to age group, with 13 to 14 years being an age when there is a greater symptomatology. The data indicate a positive correlation with psychopathological dimensions of both surgency and non-productive coping and a negative correlation with effortful control and productive coping.

[Psychometric analysis of the AF5 multidimensional scale of self-concept in a sample of adolescents and adults in Catalonia]. / Análisis psicométrico de la escala multidimensional de autoconcepto AF5 en una muestra de adolescentes y adultos de Cataluña.

The aim of this study is to carry out a psychometric study of the AF5 scale in a sample of 4.825 Catalan subjects from 11 to 63 years-old. They are students from secondary compulsory education (ESO), from high school, middle-level vocational training (CFGM) and from the university. Using a principal component analysis (PCA) the theoretical validity of the components is established and the reliability of the instrument is also analyzed. Differential analyses are performed by gender and normative group using a 2 x 6 factorial design. The normative group variable includes the different levels classified into 6 sub-groups: university, post-compulsory secondary education (high school and CFGM), 4th of ESO, 3rd of ESO, 2nd of ESO and 1st of ESO. The results indicate that the reliability of the Catalan version of the scale is similar to the original scale. The factorial structure also fits with the original model established beforehand. Significant differences by normative group in the four components of self-concept explored (social, family, academic/occupational and physical) are observed. By gender, significant differences appear in the component of physical self-concept, academic and social but not in the family component.

Los estilos y estrategias de afrontamiento y su relación con el bienestar personal en una muestra de adolescentes / Coping strategies and styles and their relationship to personal wellbeing in a sample of adolescents

Diversos estudios han relacionado las estrategias de afrontamiento con el bienestar personal. Sin embargo, no existe evidencia de investigaciones que analicen dicha relación, en población española, desde el modelo de Cummins (1997). El objetivo de este estudio es conocer el nivel de bienestar personal, evaluado mediante el Personal Well Being Index, de una muestra de adolescentes de 11 a 17 años y analizar la relación entre los estilos y estrategias de afrontamiento de los adolescentes y el bienestar personal. Para ello se ha administrado el Personal Well Being Index (PWI) y las Escalas de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (ACS) a una muestra de 656 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre los 11 y 17 años. Los resultados permiten identificar la edad y las estrategias de afrontamiento de fijarse en lo positivo, distracción física, esforzarse y tener éxito junto con autoinculparse y reservarlo para sí mismo, estas dos últimas en sentido negativo, como las más relacionadas con el bienestar personal

Several studies have linked coping with personal wellbeing. However, there is no research evidence analyzing this relationship in the Spanish population using Cummins’ model (1997). The aim of this study was to know the level of personal wellbeing of a sample of adolescents and to analyze the relationship between coping strategies and styles and personal well-being. With that purpose in mind, the Personal Well Being Index(PWI) and the Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS) have been administered to a sample of 656 adolescents aged between 11 and 17. The results allow identifying the effect of age and gender on personal wellbeing. Those coping strategies centered on focusing on the positive, physical recreation, working hard and achieving are associated to higher personal wellbeing while self-blaming and keeping to self are with lower personal wellbeing

Psychometric Properties of the EATQ-R Among a Sample of Catalan-Speaking Spanish Adolescents / Propiedades psicométricas del EATQ-R en una muestra de adolescentes españoles de habla catalana

The few studies that have been conducted into the psychometric properties of the EATQ-R, even fewer for the longer version, highlight the fact that its structure differs from that of the original. The aim of this study is to translate and adapt the long version of the EATQ-R to Catalan, study its internal consistency and convergent and factorial validity, and compare differences in the EATQ-R by age and gender. The EATQ-R was administered to a sample of 1481 secondary school students ranging in age from 11 to 17 years. After eliminating 40 items from the 86 comprising the EATQ-R, an adjusted model was obtained with acceptable fit indices comprising 8 of the original 11 factors.

Los pocos estudios realizados sobre las propiedades psicométricas del EATQ-R, todavía más escasos en la versión larga, señalan una estructura diferente de la original. El objetivo de este estudio es traducir y adaptar al catalán la versión larga del EATQ-R, estudiar su consistencia interna y validez factorial y analizar las diferencias de género y edad en el EATQ-R. Para ello se han administrado el EATQ-R a una muestra de 1481 alumnos de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria de edades comprendidas entre 12 y 17 años. Una vez eliminados un total de 40 ítems, de los 86 que componen el EATQ-R, se ha obtenido un modelo corregido, con unos índices de ajuste aceptables, formado por 8 de los 11 factores originales.

18 Años de Intervención Psicosocial / 18 Years of Intervención Psicosocial

El presente artículo es un muy breve relato de los orígenes, las actuaciones y los logros a lo largo de los primeros 18 años de existencia de la revista Intervención Psicosocial. Se pone especial énfasis en describir la coyuntura que permitió su nacimiento, así como las ideas que lo fundamentaron y que dieron lugar a sus objetivos iniciales de trabajo. Los logros se presentan fundamentalmente en forma detablas que cuantifican los artículos publicados en función de diversas variables (AU)

This article is a very brief report of the origins, performance and achievements of the first 18years of existence of the journal “Psychosocial Intervention”. We focus particularly on a description of the situation which enabled the birth of the journal. The ideas that grounded this birth and that contextualized the initial working goals are also highlighted. Achievements are mainly presented in the form of quantitative tables about published articles according to a range of other variables (AU)

Comportamiento perturbador en la adolescencia y su relación con el temperamento y los estilos de afrontamiento / Disruptive behavior in adolescence and its relationship with temperament and coping styles

Partiendo de la clasificación del DSM-IV TR que aglutina, bajo la etiqueta de trastornos del comportamiento perturbador, el trastorno de conducta antisocial y el trastorno negativista desafiante, se ha realizado un estudio con dos objetivos: a) conocer las diferencias en la sintomatología del trastorno del comportamiento perturbador durante la adolescencia en función del género, la edad y la ubicación del centro escolar; y b) analizar las relaciones entre las variables temperamentales y de afrontamiento con las dimensiones psicopatológicas de conducta antisocial y negativista desafiante. Se ha administrado el YI-4, el EATQ-R y la ACS a una muestra de 1.240 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre los 11 y 17 años. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que los chicos realizan un mayor número de conductas antisociales que las chicas, no observándose diferencias según la ubicación del centro escolar. En el caso de la sintomatología negativista desafiante, se observan diferencias según el grupo de edad, siendo a la edad de 13 a 14 años cuando se presenta una mayor sintomatología. Los datos indican una correlación positiva de ambas dimensiones psicopatológicas con surgencia y afrontamiento no productivo y negativa con control voluntario y afrontamiento productivo (AU)

Employing the DSM-IV TR classification, which classifies both antisocial behavior disorder and oppositional defiant disorder under the label of disruptive behavior disorder, a study was conducted with two aims: a) to determine the symptomatological differences of disruptive behavior disorder in adolescence depending on gender, age and school location, and b) to analyse the relationships between temperament, coping and the psychopathological dimensions of antisocial and oppositional defiant behavior. The YI-4, EATQ-R and ACS were administered to a sample of 1,240 adolescents between 11 and 17 years of age. The results show that boys display a greater number of antisocial behaviors than girls. No differences in school location were observed. In the oppositional defiant symptoms, there were differences according to age group, with 13 to 14 years being an age when there is a greater symptomatology. The data indicate a positive correlation with psychopathological dimensions of both surgency and non-productive coping and a negative correlation with effortful control and productive coping (AU)

Análisis psicométrico de la escala multidimensional de autoconcepto AF5 en una muestra de adolescentes y adultos de Cataluña / Psychometric analysis of the AF5 multidimensional scale of self-concept in a sample of adolescents and adults in Catalonia

El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar un análisis psicométrico de la escala AF5 en una muestra catalana de 4.825 sujetos de 11 a 63 años, estudiantes de ESO, bachillerato, ciclos formativos de grado medio (CFGM) y universitarios. Mediante un análisis de componentes principales (ACP) se constata la validez teórica de los componentes y se analiza la fiabilidad del instrumento. Se realizan análisis diferenciales por género y grupo normativo utilizando un diseño factorial 2x6. La variable grupo normativo incluye diferentes cursos en 6 subgrupos: universitarios, Post-ESO (estudiantes de bachillerato y CFGM), 4º Eso, 3º ESO, 2º ESO y 1º ESO. Los resultados indican que la fiabilidad de la versión catalana de la escala es similar a la de la escala original. También la estructura factorial coincide con la del modelo original establecido a priori. Se observan diferencias significativas por grupo normativo en los cuatro componentes del autoconcepto explorados (social, familiar, académico/laboral y físico). Por razón de género, las diferencias significativas aparecen en los componentes del autoconcepto físico, académico y social pero no en el familiar (AU)

The aim of this study is to carry out a psychometric study of the AF5 scale in a sample of 4.825 Catalan subjects from 11 to 63 years-old. They are students from secondary compulsory education (ESO), from high school, middle-level vocational training (CFGM) and from the university. Using a principal component analysis (PCA) the theoretical validity of the components is established and the reliability of the instrument is also analyzed. Differential analyses are performed by gender and normative group using a 2x6 factorial design. The normative group variable includes the different levels classified into 6 sub-groups: university, post-compulsory secondary education (high school and CFGM), 4th of ESO, 3rd of ESO, 2nd of ESO and 1st of ESO. The results indicate that the reliability of the Catalan version of the scale is similar to the original scale. The factorial structure also fits with the original model established beforehand. Significant differences by normative group in the four components of self-concept explored (social, family, academic/occupational and physical) are observed. By gender, significant differences appear in the component of physical self-concept, academic and social but not in the family component (AU)

Sistema educativo e igualdad de oportunidades entre los jóvenes tutelados: estudios recientes en el Reino Unido / Educational system and equal opportunities for young people in care: Recent studies in the UK

Existe escasa investigación publicada sobre los itinerarios formativos reglados de las personas que en algún momento de su infancia estuvieron en atención residencial o acogimiento familiar del sistema público de protección social, y sólo centrada en unos pocos países. En los últimos años han visto la luz estadísticas de algún país europeo mostrando que los jóvenes que provienen del sistema de protección a la infancia están sobrerrepresentados en prácticamente todos los conjuntos de población que acumulan indicadores de desventaja social, y se ha empezado a argumentar que pueden ser considerados uno de los grupos de población con más alto riesgo de exclusión social. En la presente revisión se intenta contextualizar la reciente emergencia de nuevos datos y resultados de investigaciones en algunos países europeos, particularmente en el Reino Unido, destacando la evidencia de que menos de un 6% de esta población llega a cursar estudios universitarios. Los resultados obtenidos, aunque se ignore aún con certeza si son extrapolables a otros contextos y países, abren importantes interrogantes para la intervención social y las políticas sociales y plantean nuevos retos para la investigación psicosocial en todos los países del entorno europeo (AU)

Publications on research about formal educational itineraries of people who were cared for by the social protection public systems when they were children are scarce, and restricted to a few countries.In recent years, statistics from some European countries have been published, showing that the young people who were cared for are overrepresented in practically all the clusters of people that accumulate indicators of social disadvantage, and it has therefore been argued that they can be considered one of the groups of population with the highest risk for social exclusion. In the present review, the emergence of new data and research results in some European countries -particularly in the United Kingdom, where the fact that less than 5% of this population reaches university studies has been underlined- istentatively contextualised. Although the extent to which current available data can be extrapolated to other contexts and countries is yet unclear, such results raise important challenges for social intervention and social policies, as well as for psychosocial research, in all countries of the European space (AU)

El cuidado de los ancianos en el entorno familiar. Valoración de diversos recursos de apoyo mediante grupos de discusión / Care of the elderly in the family context. Resource assessment by discussion groups

Introducción: en el presente artículo, colectivos vinculados a familias cuidadoras de mayores exponen la valoración que les merecen diversos recursos sociales y sanitarios de apoyo, al tiempo que apuntan propuestas para su mejora. Material y Métodos: se configuran 4 grupos de discusión formados por profesionales del ámbito de la salud expertos en geriatría, profesionales de los servicios sociales, representantes-usuarios de asociaciones de mayores y personas cuidadoras. Resultados: los participantes aprecian especialmente el servicio de ayuda a domicilio, los programas de atención domiciliaria con equipos de soporte, las unidades funcionales interdisciplinarias sociosanitarias, los centros de acogimiento diurno y el programa de descanso familiar, si bien proponen cambios en todos ellos; también solicitan mejoras concretas referidas a la necesidad de ayuda material, económica o emocional para hacer frente a la tarea cuidadora; finalmente reclaman en distinto grado formación, coordinación institucional y divulgación de la información sobre recursos y ayudas disponibles. Conclusiones: respecto al grado de adecuación de los recursos sociales y sanitarios disponibles para hacer frente al cuidado de mayores en el entorno familiar, se aprecia la necesidad de introducir algunos cambios al respecto. De las propuestas de los participantes, muchas resultan razonablemente útiles y aplicables; otras, en cambio, suponen un punto de partida para el debate y la reflexión. En cualquier caso, sólo conociendo y considerando cuáles son las limitaciones percibidas por parte de las familias cuidadoras y de quienes conocen su situación, se puede iniciar e instaurar cambios adecuados a sus necesidades (AU)

Introduction: in the present study several collectives with knowledge of the reality of family care of the elderly assessed several social and healthcare resources and suggested several possibilities for improvement. Method: four discussion groups were used as a data collection technique. The groups were composed of caregivers, representatives users of associations for the elderly, experts in geriatrics, and social services professionals. Results: the various discussion groups positively evaluated the Home Help Service, the Support Teams of the Home Service Programs, Interdisciplinary Community Health Workers Units, Daytime Care Centres, and the Family Rest Programme but suggested some changes to all of them. The discussion groups also indicated the need to improve the material, economic and emotional assistance given to caregivers and asked for training, institutional coordination, and dissemination of information about available resources and assistance. Conclusions: some changes are required to improve the current social and health resources available to families caring for the elderly within the family unit. Among the suggestions for improvement proposed by the participants, many are useful and could easily be applied, whereas others provide an interesting starting point for debate and reflection. Knowledge and understanding of the situation of caregiving families, based on their own experiences and those of the people who know them, is in itself sufficient to initiate and implement changes to provide resources appropriate to their needs (AU)

Los valores y su influencia en la satisfacción vital de los adolescentes entre los 12 y los 16 años: estudio de algunos correlatos / Values and their influence in vital satisfaction of adolescents between 12 and 16 years old: study of some correlates

En esta investigación profundizamos en algunos aspectos de la calidad de vida entre los jóvenes a partir de factores como la autoestima, la percepción de control, el apoyo social percibido, los valores, etc. Se analizan las correlaciones entre factores que influyen en los valores y la satisfacción vital de los adolescentes entre los 12 y los 16 años. Se realiza un análisis exhaustivo de los datos obtenidos de los chicos y chicas por una parte, y de sus progenitores por otra, y se exploran las relaciones entre los factores y se analizan las concordancias y discrepancias de las respuestas de unos y otros (AU)