Preliminary results: ethanol sclerotherapy after ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration without anesthesia in the management of simple ovarian cysts.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of ultrasound-guided, fine-needle aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy of simple ovarian cysts in an office setting without anesthesia. We also describe the rate of cyst recurrence in patients treated with this technique and explore the associated risk factors. DESIGN: Prospective follow-up of patients after ethanol sclerotherapy of simple adnexal cysts in a single center trial (Canadian Task Force classification II-1). SETTING: The study was conducted at Bellvitge Teaching Hospital in Barcelona, Spain. PATIENTS: Ethanol sclerotherapy was performed on 60 simple adnexal cysts between 2009 and 2012. INTERVENTIONS: Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patient demographics and cyst characteristics were collected for all patients. Potential risk factors for recurrence were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. All the procedures, except 1, were performed without anesthesia. The only major complication was a case of self-limiting hem peritoneum that was managed expectantly. Moderate abdominal pain occurred in 26.7% of patients during the procedure. Fifty-five patients completed at least 6 months of follow-up and were included in the statistical recurrence analyses. Cyst recurrence was recorded in 9.1% of the patients and was managed in the usual manner in all the cases. Univariate analyses indicated that a larger cyst diameter and a higher estimated cyst volume were significantly associated with recurrence. In the multivariate analysis, recurrence was only significantly associated with estimated cyst volume. CONCLUSION: Ethanol sclerotherapy of simple ovarian cysts in an office setting without anesthesia is a feasible technique associated with a low rate of complications and recurrence, although larger randomized studies are necessary to assess the predictive factors for cyst recurrence.

Prognostic factors in Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer tumors.

BACKGROUND: Molecular and genomic platforms can classify breast cancer intrinsic subtypeswith precision, however these are not widespread and immunohistochemical (IHC) classification is still used globally. This study aimed to evaluate the main clinical and pathologic prognostic factors for Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer in our clinical setting. METHODS: A retrospective review of early Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer patients diagnosed in 2017 in our center was conducted. The main prognostic factors for relapse were evaluated, including patient's characteristics such as age, menopausal status, comorbidity index, personal and family history of breast cancer and obesity; tumor features such as size, histology and grade, oestrogen and progesterone receptor (PgR) status, HER2 status, Ki67 index and nodal involvement; and the given treatment. Cancer relapse during five years of follow-upwas considered the main outcome. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients with early Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer were included. Seven patients relapsed within five years of follow-up. Lymph node involvement at diagnosis and postoperatively were significantly associated with relapse (24,5% vs 71,43%p = 0.022; 38,8% vs 83,3%p = 0.004, respectively),although the number of pathologic positive lymph nodes was not associated with relapse occurrence (mean 1.5 in no-relapse group vs 0.8 in relapse group; p = 0.308).Other possible risk factors such as young age, premenopausal status, self-history of breast cancer, tumor size, histologic grade, PgR, or Ki 67 were not significantly associated with relapse. Additionally, the distribution of the number of positive nodes among relapse and no relapse groups(2,1 vs 1,8; p = 0.082) was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Lymph node involvement was the only prognostic factor in Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer identified in this study, independently of the number of affected nodes.

Tratamiento con análogos de la GnRH en la endometriosis de la pared abdominal / Use of GnRH analogues in the treatment of abdominal wall endometriosi

La endometriosis de pared abdominal es inusual y prácticamente siempre se presenta adyacente a las incisiones quirúrgicas por procesos invasivos previos de la cavidad abdominal, con una incidencia máxima del 0,03-0,4% poscesárea y un intervalo de aparición después de la cirugía de 1 a 20 años en la mayoría de los casos. Se presenta como una masa o nódulo relacionado con la cicatriz, que suele asociarse a dolor cíclico. El diagnóstico definitivo es histológico, mediante ecografía, tomografía computarizada y punción-aspiración con aguja fina como métodos complementarios. El tratamiento de elección consiste en la extirpación quirúrgica de piel, tejido adiposo, músculo y peritoneo con una recuperación cercana al 100%; se considera útil el tratamiento adyuvante con análogos de la hormona liberadora de gonadotropina, ya que reducen el tamaño de la tumoración, facilitando que la exéresis de la fascia afectada no sea tan amplia y así evitar la necesidad del uso de mallas. Presentamos un caso clínico de una mujer de 34 años que, después de una segunda cesárea y con antecedente de endometriosis intrapélvica, fue diagnosticada de endometrioma sobre la incisión de Pfannestiel. Discutimos la sintomatología, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de esta afección (AU)

Abdominal wall endometriosis is uncommon and is almost always adjacent to surgical scars at the site of previous abdominal operations. The maximum incidence is 0.03-0.4% in patients with previous cesarean section. The interval between the procedure and symptom onset is usually 1 to 20 years. The clinical presentation of the disease is a palpable mass near surgical scars, usually associated with cyclic pain. The hallmark in the diagnosis of endometriosis is histology. Ultrasonographic examination, computed tomography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy can be helpful. The treatment of choice is wide local excision with a recovery rate of nearly 100%. Adjuvant treatment with GnRH analogues is used to reduce the size of the mass, thus facilitating fascial excision to avoid synthetic mesh placement. We present a case of cutaneous scar endometriosis occurring in the site of a second cesarean section scar in a 34-year-old woman with a prior history of intrapelvic endometriosis. The clinical findings, diagnosis and treatment of this disease are discussed (AU)