Correlation between Sleep Time, Sleep Quality, and Emotional and Cognitive Function in the Elderly.

Background: To explore the relationship between sleep time, sleep quality, and emotional and cognitive function in the elderly. Methods: A total of 150 elderly patients over 65 years old who were admitted to our hospital from February 2019 to April 2021 were divided into a normal cognitive function group (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score: illiteracy, >17; primary school, >20; and middle school and above, >24; N = 86) and cognitive impairment group (MMSE score: illiteracy, ≤17; primary school, ≤20; and middle school or above, ≤24; N = 64). The sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and anxiety and depression were evaluated by Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), respectively. The cognitive function between the two groups was compared via the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, visual spatial execution, and attention. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between sleep quality, sleep time, and emotional and cognitive function. Results: In the comparison of sleep quality between the two groups, the total score of PSQI, sleep quality, falling asleep time, sleep time, and sleep efficiency of patients with cognitive impairment were higher than those of patients with normal cognitive function (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of hypnotic use and daytime dysfunction between the two groups, but the scores of nocturnal sleep disorders and ESS in the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P > 0.05). Compared between the two groups, the MoCA score, visual spatial execution, and attention in the cognitive impairment group were significantly lower than those in the normal group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The delayed recall in the cognitive impairment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in orientation, naming, language, and abstract ability between the two groups (P > 0.05). The scores of HAMA and HAMD in the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those in the normal group. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between sleep therapy, sleep time, and the score of cognitive scale. The results showed that PSQI was negatively correlated with MoCA and MMSE, and ESS was negatively correlated with MoCA and MMSE. Pearson correlation analysis results indicated that PSQI was positively correlated with HAMA and HAMD, while ESS was negatively correlated with HAMA and HAMD. Conclusion: The sleep quality and sleep time of elderly patients are positively correlated with their cognitive function. The worse the sleep quality is, the worse their cognitive function is and the more serious their anxiety and depression are. In the course of clinical therapeutics, more attention should be paid to the sleep quality of elderly.

[Effects of Triptolide on Tc and Th Cell Excursion in Peripheral Blood of Nude Mice with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus BALB/c-un].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of triptolide on the excursion of Tc and Th cells in peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) BALB/c-un nude mice induced by pristane. METHODS: Eighteen female BALB/c-un nude mice were randomly divided into blank, SLE and triptolide group, each with 6 mice by random table method. Group SLE and group triptolide were established by single intraperitoneal injection of pristane, and blank group was used as blank control group. SLE model was established by single intraperitoneal injection. Triptolide group was fed with triptolide at the dose of 5 mg/(kg·d), and the blank group and SLE group were fed normally. Blood samples were collected from the caudal vein before treatment and 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment respectively. Fluorescence labeled flow cytometry was used to delect Tc and Th lymphocyte subsets at different stages of treatment. RESULTS: After treatment for 3 and 6 moths, the percentages of Tcl, Thl cells and CD8+, Tcl/Tc2, Thl/Th2 and CD4+/CD8+ all decreased in the group of triptolide, and the percentage of CD4+, Tc2 and Th2 cells increased (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: The mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of SLE may be related with the excursion of Tc and Th cells to Tcl and Tc2 to maintain the relative homeostasis of Tc and Th cells at different stage, thus affecting the immune response and the inflammatory reaction.

[Effect of Quercetin on the Cell Cycle and Adhesion Molecules of NOD/SCID Mice with Acute B Lymphocytic Leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Quercetin on cell cycle and adhesive molecules of NOD.SCID mice with acule B lymphocytic leuaemia(B-ALL). METHODS: 5×106 Nalm-6(B-ALL cell line) cells were injected into the tail vein of 48 NOD/SCID mice to establish the NOD/SCID mice with B-ALL. After 15 day, the NOD/SCID mice with B-ALL were randomly divided into 3 groups: salive group as control (injection with saline of 0.2 ml/mouse), cyclophos-phamid group (injection with cyclophosphamide of 100µg/kg) and quercetin group(injection with quercetin of 3 mg/kg). After treatment for 21 d, the perecntage of Nalm-6 cells in G1, G2, M and S phases was detected by flow cytonetry; the B lymphocytes Nalm-6 cells, neutrophils and WBC in while blood were counted before and after treatment; the expression of intercellalar. Adhesion molecole-1(FCAIU-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) and P-selectin was detected by double autibody soundwich method. RESULTS: Compared with level before treatment, the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and P-selectin decreased after treatment with guercetin, The hemogram showed that the peripheral blood nentrophil level obviously increased, while the levels of B lymphocytes, Nalm-6 cells and WBC count decreased obviously after treatment with guercetin. The cell proliferatim rario in G0/G1 phase decreased, yet the cell proliferation ratio in S and G2/M phases increased after treatment with guercetin. CONCLUSION: The guercetin can decrease the intercellular adhesion through inhibition of ICAM-1 expression, and arrests Nalm-6 cells in S and G2/M phases. The guercetin has obviously inhibitory effect on B-ALL cells.

[Effects of Epihopin on Proliferation and Apoptosis of KG-1a cells and Its Related Mechanism].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible mechanism underlaying interference of epihopin on the proliferation of AML KG-1a cells by inhibiting the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway, so as to prvide the experimental basis for development of drug to treat the AML. METHODS: A total of 50 c57BL/6 mice were randomy divided into 5 group:blank control, model control, high, medium and low dose of epihopin. Except the blank control group, the KG-1a cells were injected in abdominal cavity of 4 groups for the establishment of model. The mice in high, middle and low dose groups were injected intramuscularly with 80, 40 and 20 mg/kg of epihopin respectively, while the mice in blank control and model control group were injected intramuscularly with saline. The Western blot was used to detect the expression of S phase kinase-related protein 2(SKP-2), ß-catenin, E-cadherin and poly-(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP); the spectrophotometry was used to detect the activity of caspase 3 and procaspase-3, the flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle distribution and the apoptotic rate of KG-1a cells treated with epihopin. RESULTS: The epihopin could enhance the activity of caspase 3, decrease the level of procaspase 3; also could up-regulate the expression of E-acadherin and down-regulate the expression of SKP-2 and ß-catenin; and could increase the expression of PARP in dose-dependent manner. After KG-1a cels were treated with epihopin, the apoptosis rate of cells significantly increased, the KG-1a cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase, therefore the growth of KG-1a cells was significantly inhibited. CONCLUSION: The epihopin can dose-dependently split PARP to induce the apoptosis of KG-1a cells, its mechanism may relate with inhibition of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway and its down-stream-related gene expression.