Secondary femur fracture following treatment with anterograde nailing: the state of the art.

Cephalomedullary nailing (CMN) currently represents the best surgical technique for the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures. Although the success of CMN in terms of functional recovery and fracture healing, in clinical practice there are many complications. Later femur fracture following treatment of trochanteric fracture with CMN is not a very frequent complication but, when it occurs, its treatment is the most complex, because of the increase of peri-operative mortality. There are studies in literature, which have demonstrated that the incidence of this complication is about 0.5-3%. Diagnosis and classification are made with standard radiographs, using the AO classification and the modified Vancouver classification. In the actual literature, to determinate the predisposing factor to the secondary fractures, the authors focused their attention on patient-related and surgical related risk factors. The treatment is variable and it depends on the type and characteristics of fracture and device. Outcomes analyzed in literature were mortality and bone healing. The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of this topic and to describe the state of the art of the secondary fracture after surgical treatment with intramedullary nailing.

Transiliosacral fixation using the O-ARM2® and STEALTHSTATION® navigation system.

Pelvic fractures are quite uncommon, they represent only 2-8% of all fractures. Osteosynthesis with percutaneous trans-Iliosacral screw is recognized as one of the standard procedures for the treatment of unstable posterior pelvic ring lesions. Because of the high number of complications associated with the conservative treatment of these kind of lesions such as pain, limb heterometry, difficulty in walking and sexual disability, percutaneous fixation with trans-iliosacral screw has found wide use and has become very popular among orthopedic surgeons. This technique is indicated for the treatment of dislocations of the sacro-iliac joint, some types of sacral and iliac fractures or combinations of these lesions.

Liner dissociation in total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Liner dissociation (LD) is a rare catastrophic mechanical failure of total hip arthroplasty (THA). The study aims at reviewing the available literature regarding liner dissociations to point out their prevalence, describing any possible association and highlighting the surgical management at the time of revision. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was conducted from January 2002, until February 2022, according to the PRISMA guidelines. The main keywords were: "dissociation" AND "liner" OR "hip arthroplasty" OR "THA" and their MeSH terms in any possible combination. Cases of liner dissociation with all levels of evidence of any age published in indexed journals were included. The study quality of all included studies was evaluated using the MINORS criteria. The kappa (k) value was used to assess the consensus between reviewers in the selection of articles and methodological quality assessment. Finally, a sub-analysis was performed specifically concerning the elderly population. RESULTS: Thirty-one manuscripts met the inclusion criteria of the systematic review (21 case reports and 10 case series). 124 LD in 123 patients, (53% females and 47% males) were evaluated. The overall prevalence of LD was 0.15%. The mean age at surgery was of 56.5 years (range 31-75 years). LD occurred in a primary surgery setting in 86% of the cases, at a mean time of presentation of 45.8 months after replacement surgery. 39.5% of the cups and 8.8% of the stems required revision. The mean follow-up after the revision was 18.4 months. Complications after revision occurred in 19.6% of cases, including 3 cases of re-dissociations. Re-revision was required in 13.6% of the revisions. The sub-analysis of the elderly population included 28 cases of LD identified in 10 manuscripts, with an average age of 73.5 years. CONCLUSIONS: LD is a rare but catastrophic mechanical complication of modular THA that requires implant revision. The LD is not related to a specific prosthetic implant, liner material or design, acetabular positioning within the safe zone or age group.

Treatment of distal femur fractures with VA-LCP condylar plate: A single trauma centre experience.

INTRODUCTION: Given the recent criticisms in the literature regarding Synthes Variable Angle Locking Compression Condylar Plate (VA-LCP), the purpose of this study was to evaluate functional outcome, fracture healing, and complications of distal femoral intra-articular fractures using this device. METHODS: Patients with distal femoral fractures treated with 4.5 mm VA-LCP Curved Condylar Plate were included in this retrospective study. Follow-ups were at 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. For the clinical and functional assessment of the knee, WOMAC, Koos Knee Survey, the Knee Score Society and the SF-12 questionnaire were used. Radiographically we assessed the fracture healing and the angles of the operated limb compared to the healthy contralateral limb. Complications have also been described. RESULTS: Forty-two patients with distal femoral fractures were included in the study. The mean follow-up was 8 months. Most cases (57%) reported a type 33-A fracture. Radiological healing was achieved in 33 cases; the mean time required to heal was 13 weeks. Three patients had an early postoperative complication and four cases had a late complication. Five cases required additional surgical procedures. Most patients (47.2%) achieved a complete flexion of 130° or more. WOMAC mean value 27.4%, KSS mean value 77.6 for the clinical part and 60 for the functional part, KOOS mean score 60.1, SF-12 mean score 46.1 for MCS and 35.5 for PCS. DISCUSSION: The results of this retrospective study suggest that VA-LCP Curved Condylar Plates have a good functional outcome and fracture healing similar to other standard distal femoral locking plates. VA technology allows greater versatility in fractures internal fixation regardless of the plate design. Fixation devices or Prosthesis implants previously placed may be avoided, as in periprosthetic fractures. Moreover, we have not recorded any early mechanical damage. CONCLUSIONS: Osteosynthesis with Synthes 4.5 mm VA-LCP Curved Condylar Plate demonstrated to have no early mechanical failure rate with good clinical and radiological results.