[Bronchial asthma. Clinical evolution with hyposensitization (author's transl)]. / Asma bronquial infantil. Evolución clínica con tratamiento hiposensibilizante.

UNLABELLED: Clinical evolution of 94 diagnosticated children of bronchial asthma that received hyposensitization therapy for 18 months and other 43 children in treatment for 24 months is studied. Their sex, etiology, age of onset of their illness and age in which their treatment began are analysed too. A long delay is noticed between the onset of the asthmatic crisis and the moment in which they are taken to the Allergy-Clinic. IN CONCLUSION: a) Hyposensitization therapy supposes a significative statistical clinical improvement, leading in most cases to keep under control the illness with a vanishing of symptomatology. b) The improvement does not depend upon sex or the age of onset of the illness, although it has some relation to the time of evolution. c) Clinical improvement may be delayed even 24 months later after the beginning of treatment.

[Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: description of a nosocomial diarrhea outbreak]. / Escherichia coli enterotoxigénico: descripción de un brote diarreico nosocomial.

A nosocomial diarrhea outbreak caused by Escherichia coli 0153: H45, which produces a thermostable enterotoxin, in five neonates admitted to the neonatology ward of the pediatric service of the Valencia University Hospital is described. The outbreak was discovered during a prospective study lasting eight months and aimed at evaluating the importance of Escherichia coli with enterotoxic capacity in acute infant diarrhea within our environment. The study involved conventional enterotoxigenicity tests applied both in vivo and in vitro. One of the patients, admitted with acute diarrhea was the source of the outbreak, with a possible person to person transmission. The diarrhea was slight to moderate. Emphasis is placed on the importance of this type of diarrhea in developed countries, and the problem is analyzed by reviewing its situation to the present.

[Chromosome anomalies found in a cytogenetic study of 750 healthy newborn infants]. / Anomalías cromosómicas encontradas en un estudio citogenético realizado en 750 niños recién nacidos sanos.

Cytogenetic studies on newborn infants show a high incidence in chromosomal abnormalities (0.5-1% of the population). Chromosomal study is carried out on 750 children from the University Hospital of Valencia over a two-year period, chosen at random and without any clinical pathology. Five gonosomopathies and three autosomopathies were found. In the former, three 47,XXY, one triple-X, and one isochromosome of long arms of chromosome X, were detected. In autosomal chromosomopathies, a Robertsonian translocation was seen between chromosomes 13 and 14, a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 8 and 10, and an inversion of chromosome 3. Altogether eight cytogenetic anomalies appeared, a percentage slightly over one percent. Importance of early diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities is discussed, with the aim of establishing adequate treatment when possible, and genetic counselling for the family.

[Epidemiologic study of risk factors associated with the development of respiratory pathology in children]. / Estudio epidemiológico de los factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de patología respiratoria en la población infantil.

A total of 1,566 children the area of Valencia (Spain), of both sexes and aged 7 to 14 received an epidemiological questionnaire recommended by the American Thoracic Society. Antecedents of asthma were recorded in 79 cases (5%), with a predominance among males; 73.3% of these children presented their first crisis before age three. Eighty-seven children were habitual smokers (5.6%), again with a predominance among males-most of these children being between 13 and 14 years old. A family history of smoking was observed in 82.8% of the children who were habitual smokers. A greater predominance of smoking mothers was observed at higher socio-economical levels--with no significant differences between parents. The incidence of respiratory pathology (cough and antecedents of bronchitis) was higher among children whose mothers (or both parents) were smokers. On comparing the two areas of the city with the greatest difference in air pollution level, no significant differences were observed in respiratory morbidity among the child population.

[Repercussion of risk factors associated with the development of chronic bronchial pathology on pulmonary function in children]. / Estudio de la repercusión de los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de patología bronquial crónica en el funcionalismo pulmonar en una población infantil.

Of a total of 1,566 children, 1,416 of both sexes and aged 7 to 14 were subjected to functional respiratory exploration with a Vitalograph dry spirometer. The impact of tobacco smoke--as active and/or passive smokers--on the spirometric variables (FVC, FEV1, FEF2572, FEF50) evaluated by variance analysis (ANOVA) revealed no significant reductions. Asthma was the single antecedent of respiratory morbidity showing significant reductions in FEF2575, FEF50 among males alone; no significant reductions were observed for any of the other spirometric variables. No significant decreases were found in the spirometric variables on comparing two areas of the same city with the greatest difference in air pollution level.

[Standardization of forced spirometry. Analysis of the basal pulmonary function (PEF, FEF2575, FEF50) in a selected group of children]. / Estandarización de la espirometría forzada. Análisis de la función pulmonar basal (PEF, FEF2575, FEF50) en una población infantil de referencia.

This is a study of the ventilatory function (FEF2575, FEF50, PEF) by dry spirometer Vitalograph in 1,566 children of both sexes with ages ranging from 7 to 14 years; 1,156 children (73.6%) were selected as reference population. Height was the biometric parameter with the greatest correlation to the functional variables studied in both sexes, except to PEF in females. Significant differences were observed in functional variables between male and female subjects. Multiple and simple linear regression equations and percentiles tables for each sex are presented.

[Basal pulmonary function studies (FVC, FEV) in a selected child population]. / Estudio de la función pulmonar basal (FVC, FEV1) en una población infantil de referencia.

This is a study of the ventilatory function (FVC, FEV1) by dry spirometer Vitalograph in 1566 children of both sexes with ages ranging from 7 to 14; 1156 children (73.6 per 100) were selected as reference population. Height was the biometric parameter with the greatest correlation to the functional variables studied in both sexes. Significant differences were observed in functional variables between male and female subjects. Multiple and simple linear prediction equations and percentiles tables for each sex are presented. The results of the present study are compared with those of previously published of children.