Conferring alloantigen specificity to regulatory T cells: A comparative analysis of cell preparations undergoing clinical development in transplantation.

Conferring alloantigen-specificity to ex vivo expanded CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) increases their capacity to counteract effector alloimmune responses following adoptive transfer into transplant recipients. Three strategies are currently undergoing clinical development, which involve the following: (1) expanding Tregs in the presence of donor B cells (donor alloantigen-reactive [DAR] Tregs); (2) culturing Tregs with donor cells in the presence of costimulation blockade (CSB-Tregs); and (3) transducing Tregs with an human leukocyte antigen A2-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-Tregs). Our goal in this study was to assess the relative potency of each of these manufactured Treg products both in vitro and in vivo. When compared with polyclonal Tregs, all 3 manufacturing strategies increased the precursor frequency of alloreactive Tregs, and this was proportional to the overall in vitro immunosuppressive properties of the cell products. Accordingly, CAR-Tregs, which contained the highest frequency of donor-reactive Tregs, exhibited the strongest suppressive effects on a cell-per-cell basis. Similarly, in an in vivo mouse model of graft-vs-host disease, infusion of CAR-Tregs conferred a significantly longer recipient survival than any other Treg product. Our results highlighting the alloantigen-reactivity and associated immunosuppressive properties of different manufactured Treg products have implications for the mechanistic interpretation of currently ongoing clinical trials in transplantation.

A4 Pulley Reconstruction Using the Superficialis Oblique Flap and the Transverse Double Loop Techniques: A Biomechanical Evaluation Using a Chicken Model.

BACKGROUND: The pulley system plays an important role in flexion mechanism. Reconstruction after trauma can be challenging. Numerous techniques have been described with several drawbacks. Herein, we describe the superficialis flap oblique technique for A4 pulley reconstruction using an animal model. METHODS: Forty-two fresh legs of 21 eight-week-old chickens were used to evaluate the maximum flexion angle (MFA) and force at maximum flexion (FMF) in intact and sectioned A4 pulley equivalents of the third digit after reconstruction with the transverse double loop (TDL) technique and the superficialis oblique flap (SOF) technique. Biomechanical measurements were obtained in an exclusively designed instrument. Descriptive statistics were reported, and mean differences between the reconstructive techniques were analyzed. RESULTS: Intact and severed A4 pulley equivalent average MFA were 96.50° ± 1.70° and 115.60° ± 1.50°, respectively. Average FMF were 8.16 ± 0.23 psi with the intact pulley and 6.92 ± 0.20 psi with the sectioned pulley (P < 0.001). After reconstruction with TDL and SOF techniques, the legs reached an average MFA at the distal interphalangeal joint of 98.13° ± 1.20° and 96.90° ± 1.30°, respectively. Mean MFA difference was 1.23° (P = 0.03). Force at maximum flexion was 8.12 psi and 8.10 psi for the TDL and SOF techniques (P = 0.6), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The authors believe that SOF technique for A4 pulley reconstruction can be used as first option when available, taking into account its theoretical advantages and its proven biomechanical characteristics. Long-term functional results should be assessed to translate these results into the clinical setting.

Degradation studies of quetiapine fumarate by liquid chromatography-diode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry methods.

Quetiapine fumarate (QUE) is an antipsychotic agent with a chemical structure that is susceptible to degradation; therefore, it is important to study its stability using appropriate analytical tools. Knowledge of the stability profile of a drug is important because chemical degradation of its active component often results in a loss of potency, affecting its efficacy and safety. This current work reports degradation studies of QUE as drug substance, under different stress conditions such as oxidation, hydrolysis, heat, humidity and photolysis, by a stability-indicating LC method. The chemical stability was evaluated using a simple HPLC/diode array detection method, with a core-shell C18 column under isocratic conditions, which allows the separation of all primary degradation products (DPs) in a short run time. QUE was mainly degraded under oxidative and hydrolytic conditions, with the formation of three and two DPs, respectively, which were identified by electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The method was properly validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, selectivity, robustness and quantitation limit. Commercial tablets containing 25 mg of QUE were quantified, with results obtained within the United States Pharmacopeia limits. The proposed method is suitable to assess the stability and perform routine analysis of QUE in pharmaceutical samples.

Determination of vortioxetine and its degradation product in bulk and tablets, by LC-DAD and MS/MS methods.

Vortioxetine hydrobromide (VOR), is a novel antidepressant used for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It has a chemical structure susceptible to degradation, therefore it is important to have suitable analytical methods to determine VOR in presence of its main degradation products (DP), because if the compound degrades, this could result in diminution of the therapeutic activity and safety. A simple HPLC method with photodiode array detection was developed and validated for determination of VOR in bulk and tablets, in the presence of its major DP. The drug was subjected to oxidative, hydrolytic, and photolytic stress conditions, showing significant degradation under oxidation with the formation of one DP, which was identified by ESI-MS/MS. A C18 column was used, with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water with acetic acid and triethylamine in isocratic elution mode, with detection at 228 nm and 1.0 mL/min flow rate. The assay was linear in the 25-125 µg/mL concentration range. For precision, the RSD was <1.8%, the recovery was 100.0-101.6%, and the method demonstrated adequate selectivity. The method was successfully applied to quantify VOR in tablets. The results showed that the method is useful for routine analysis and for quality control purposes.

A photochemical route in the synthesis and characterization of La2Ti2O7 and La2Ti2O7/AgO films and its evaluation in Congo red degradation and as antibacterial control to Staphylococcus aureus.

In this article, we propose a simple photochemical method to synthesize pure La2Ti2O7 films and La2Ti2O7 films doped with silver at 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mol%. After annealing the photo-deposited films at 900 °C, XRD, SEM, and XPS analyses showed the formation of a monoclinic La2Ti2O7 phase and the presence of Ag and AgO in doped samples. Photocatalytic tests for Congo red degradation demonstrated that pure La2Ti2O7 achieved 25.4% degradation, while doped samples reached a maximum of 92.7% degradation. Moreover, increasing silver doping on La2Ti2O7 films significantly reduced the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, indicating potential antibacterial properties. The enhanced photoactivity was attributed to the formation of a type I heterojunction between La2Ti2O7 and AgO, and a degradation mechanism was proposed based on Congo red degradation.

Dysregulated anti-oxidant signalling and compromised mitochondrial integrity negatively influence regulatory T cell function and viability in liver disease.

BACKGROUND: Dysregulated inflammatory responses and oxidative stress are key pathogenic drivers of chronic inflammatory diseases such as liver cirrhosis (LC). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential to prevent excessive immune activation and maintain tissue homeostasis. While inflammatory cues are well known to modulate the function and stability of Tregs, the extent to which Tregs are influenced by oxidative stress has not been fully explored. METHODS: The phenotypic and functional properties of CD4+CD25+CD127lo/- Tregs isolated from patients with LC were compared to healthy controls (HC). Treg redox state was investigated by characterizing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADPH oxidase-2 (Nox2) activity, mitochondrial function, morphology, and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) antioxidant signalling. The relevance of Nrf2 and its downstream target, Heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), in Treg function, stability, and survival, was further assessed using mouse models and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HO-1 knock-out. FINDINGS: Circulating Tregs from LC patients displayed a reduced suppressive function, correlating with liver disease severity, associated with phenotypic abnormalities and increased apoptosis. Mechanistically, this was linked to a dysregulated Nrf2 signalling with resultant lower levels of HO-1, enhanced Nox2 activation, and impaired mitochondrial respiration and integrity. The functional deficit in LC Tregs could be partially recapitulated by culturing control Tregs in patient sera. INTERPRETATION: Our findings reveal that Tregs rely on functional redox homeostasis for their function, stability, and survival. Targeting Treg specific anti-oxidant pathways may have therapeutic potential to reverse the Treg impairment in conditions of oxidative damage such as advanced liver disease. FUNDING: This study was funded by the Wellcome Trust (211113/A/18/Z).

Isolation of Three Lycorine Type Alkaloids from Rhodolirium speciosum (Herb.) Ravenna Using pH-Zone-Refinement Centrifugal Partition Chromatography and Their Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities.

Preparative separation of three lycorine type alkaloids from Rhodolirum speciosum (Amaryllidaceae) was successfully carried out using pH-zone-refinement centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) using the solvent system methyl-tert-butyl ether/acetonitrile/water (4:1:5, v/v/v) in descending mode. Using this system, Alkaloid 1 (165.7 mg, 88.2%, purity), 2 (60.1 mg, 97.7% purity) and 3 (12.3 mg, 84.4% purity) were obtained in one step. For structure elucidation, the pure alkaloids were subjected to spectroscopy analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance experiments (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Alkaloids 1, 2, and 3 were identified as 1-O-acetyl-5,6-dehydrolycorine, 1-O-acetyl-lycorine, and 1,2-O-diacetyl-5,6-dehydrolycorine, respectively. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of these alkaloids was IC50 151.1 µg/mL, IC50 203.5 µg/mL, IC50 470.0 µg/mL, and IC50 17.1 µg/mL, respectively.

Conocimientos de los estudiantes peruanos de enfermería sobre el virus del papiloma humano / Knowledge of Peruvian nursing students about the Human Papilloma Virus

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento de las estudiantes de enfermería sobre el Virus del Papiloma Humano en una universidad privada en el norte del Perú. Método: Cuantitativa, descriptivo, transversal; la muestra fue censal constituida por 90 estudiantes de enfermería del final de la carrera universitaria, se aplicó un instrumento ya validado internacionalmente con un Alpha de Cronbach de 0,76 de 15 preguntas aplicadas vía cuestionario Google por la emergencia sanitaria; se tuvo en consideración los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos. Resultados: El nivel de conocimiento general de los estudiantes universitarios de enfermería fue muy bueno (43.3%). el 92.2% del total fueron mujeres y el 7.8% fueron varones; el 71.4% de varones y 41.0% de mujeres han tenido más de una pareja sexual. El 75% de estudiantes de enfermería que fueron de la selva reportan más de una pareja sexual, contrario al 33.8% de estudiantes de enfermería de la costa reportan más de una pareja sexual. Conclusión: El conocimiento que predominó entre las estudiantes universitarias de enfermería fue bueno y muy bueno; sin embargo, llama la atención que la mayoría tuvo más de una pareja sexual situación que conlleva a desarrollar programas para fomentar la concientización de la salud sexual responsable y libre de riesgos entre las futuras enfermeras. (AU)

Objective: To determine the level of knowledge of nursing students about the Human Papilloma Virus in a Private University in northern Peru. Method: Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional; the sample was census constituted by 90 nursing students at the end of the university career, an instrument already validated internationally was applied with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.76 of 15 questions applied via Google questionnaire for the health emergency; the established inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken into consideration. Results: The level of general knowledge of the university nursing students was very good (43.3%). 92.2% of the total were women and 7.8% were men; 71.4% of men and 41.0% of women have had more than one sexual partner. 75% of nursing students who went from the jungle report more than one sexual partner, contrary to 33.8% of nursing students from the coast report more than one sexual partner. Conclusion: The knowledge that prevailed among the university nursing students was good and very good; however, it is noteworthy that the majority had more than one sexual partner, a situation that leads to the development of programs to promote awareness of responsible and risk-free sexual health among future nurses. (AU)

Lipogranuloma Esclerosante Escrotal Primario. Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura / Primary Scrotal Sclerosing Lipogranuloma. Case report and literature review

RESUMEN El lipogranuloma esclerosante es una condición extraña y benigna que puede afectar cualquier órgano, especialmente los genitales externos masculinos. Se suele presentar como masas subcutáneas en escroto, periné y pene. Aunque la mayoría de los casos son secundarios a aplicación de cuerpos extraños como parafina, vaselina o silicona con propósitos estéticos para aumentar el tamaño del pene, también puede deberse a degeneración lipídica endógena, secundaria a trauma, infecciones o reacciones alérgicas. No existe consenso en cuanto a su manejo ni datos sobre su prevalencia al ser una entidad poco reportada; se ha descrito el manejo con ciclos cortos de corticoides sistémicos, y cirugía en los casos recidivantes. El objetivo de este trabajo es reportar el caso de un paciente que acudió con induración y eritema en pene y escroto, quien negaba la aplicación de sustancias exógenas y que fue llevado a biopsia de la lesión, con diagnóstico de lipogranuloma esclerosante. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(2): 97-102.

ABSTRACT Sclerosing lipogranuloma is a noncommon and benign disease that could affect any system in the body, especially the male external genitalia. It is usually presented as a subcutaneous mass in scrotum, perineum and penis. Although, most cases are secondary to the injection of foreign bodies such as paraffin, petrolatum or silicone for cosmetic purposes to increase penis size, it could also be due to endogenous lipid degeneration, secondary to trauma, infections or allergic reactions. There is no unanimity regarding its management or data on its prevalence as it is a poorly reported entity. Management with short cycles of systemic corticosteroids and surgery in relapsing cases have been described. The purpose of this article is to present a case of a patient with induration and erythema in penis and scrotum, who denied the application of exogenous substances and has a reported biopsy of the lesion with diagnosis of sclerosing lipogranuloma. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(2): 97-102.

Determination of nutritional value of turmeric flour and the antioxidant activity of Curcuma longa rhizome extracts from agroecological and conventional crops of Valle del Cauca-Colombia / Determinación del valor nutricional de la harina de cúrcuma y la actividad antioxidante de extractos del rizoma de Cúrcuma longa de cultivos agroecológicos y convencionales del Valle del Cauca-Colombia / Determinação do valor nutricional da farinha de açafrão e da atividade antioxidante de extratos do rizoma de Curcuma longa de culturas agroecológicas e convencionais do Valle del Cauca-Colombia

Abstract This research presents the results of the proximal analysis of turmeric rhizome flour (Curcuma longa) from different areas of Valle del Cauca (Colombia) and the quantitative estimation of the uptake of the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) of the methanolic extracts of the flour. The results of the proximal analysqAis evidence that some parameters do not show evident differences. However, others, such as total fat, show differences between the turmeric crops with conventional and agroecological fertilization. The values obtained from the different samples for proteins and carbohydrates are in an average normal range (9.3% and 70.5%, respectively), which fulfills the requirement to be a nutritional supplement. The free radical uptake (FRS) test of the extracts showed an antioxidant activity of the different samples tested for FRS50 (%) of 2.11 ± 0.06 µg/mL (Yumbillo, Y), 1.34 ± 0.26 µg/mL (Guacas, G), 4.22 ± 0.06 µg/mL (Magdalena, M), 9.16 ± 0.32 µg/mL (Commercial, C), 1.29 ± 0.26 µg/mL (Santa Rosa de Tapias, SR), and 1.33 ± 0.05 µg/mL (Limonar, L), which were contrasted with the values of quercetin (Q) 1.01 ± 0.51 µg/mL, vitamin C (V) 2.07 ± 0.45 µg/mL, and piperine (P ) 0,0 µg/mL. The proximal nutritional value plus the oxidizing activity, due to the concentration of phenolic compounds, make turmeric flour a functional food.

Resumen Esta investigación presenta los resultados del análisis proximal de la harina de rizoma de cúrcuma (Curcuma longa) de diferentes zonas del Valle del Cauca (Colombia), y de la estimación cuantitativa de la captación del radical 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DDPH) de los extractos metanólicos de la harina. Los resultados del análisis proximal muestran que algunos parámetros no presentan diferencias evidentes. Sin embargo, otros, como la grasa total, sí presentan diferencias entre la cúrcuma de cultivos con fertilización convencional y agroecológica. Los valores obtenidos para proteínas y carbohidratos están en un rango normal promedio (9,3% y 70,5%, respectivamente), los cuales se encuentran dentro de los valores requeridos para ser un suplemento nutricional. El ensayo de captación de radicales libres (FRS) de los extractos mostró una actividad antioxidante de las diferentes muestras analizadas de FRS50 (%) de 2,11 ± 0,06 µg/mL (Yumbillo, Y), 1,34 ± 0,26 µg/mL (Cuacas, C), 4,22 ± 0,06 µg/mL (Magdalena, M), 9,16 ± 0,32 µg/mL (Comercial, C), 1,29 ± 0,26 µg/mL (Santa Rosa de Tapias, SR) y 1,33 ± 0,05 µg/mL (Limonar, L), los cuales fueron contrastados con los valores de quercetina (Q) 1,01 ± 0,51 µg/mL, vitamina C (V) 2,07 ± 0.45 µg/mL y piperina (P) 0,0 µg/mL. El valor nutricional proximal más la actividad oxidante hacen de la harina de cúrcuma un alimento funcional.

Resumo Esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados da análise proximal da farinha de rizoma de cúrcuma (Curcuma longa) de diferentes áreas do Vale do Cauca (Colômbia), além da estimativa quantitativa da captação do radical 2,2-difenil-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) dos extratos metanólicos da farinha. Os resultados da análise proximal mostram que alguns parâmetros não mostram diferenças óbvias. No entanto, outros, como gordura total, mostram diferenças entre a cúrcuma das culturas com adubação convencional e agroecológica. Os valores obtidos nas diferentes amostras para proteínas e carboidratos estão em uma faixa média normal (9,3% e 70,5% respectivamente), que estão dentro dos valores necessários para ser um suplemento nutricional. O teste de captação de radicais livres (FRS) dos extratos mostrou uma atividade antioxidante das diferentes amostras testadas para FRS50 (%) de 2,11 ± 0,06 μg/mL (Yumbillo, Y), 1,34 ± 0,26 μg/mL (Guacas, G), 4,22 ± 0,06 μg/mL (Magdalena, M), 9,16 ± 0,32 μg/mL (Comercial, C), 1,29 ± 0,26 μg/mL (Santa Rosa de Tapias, SR) e 1,33 ± 0,05 μg/mL (Limonar, L), que foram contrastados com os valores de quercetina (Q) 1,01 ± 0,51 μg/mL, vitamina C (V) 2,07 ± 0,45 μg/mL e piperina (P ) 0,0 μg/mL. O valor nutricional proximal mais a atividade oxidante, devido à concentração de compostos fenólicos, fazem da farinha de cúrcuma um alimento funcional.

[Quality of Life of Teenage Mothers, University Students]. / Calidad de vida de madres adolescentes estudiantes universitarias.

INTRODUCTION: University education and motherhood are two aspects not generally associated, although their relationship determines a significant risk regarding the learning process of student-mothers. OBJECTIVE: To assess life quality as perceived by university- student mothers. METHODS: Comprehensive study of the phenomenological-hermeneutical type. Interviews and life stories of 34 students between 19 and 24, who were, or are teenager mothers, were used. A qualitative analysis was applied to triangulate the discourses so as to establish relationships between practice and the social phenomenon studied. RESULTS: The University as a social support network is negatively perceived; student mothers feel rejected and disregarded. Sometimes they feel alone and experience emotional emptiness. Additionally, physical health, stress and depression affect their emotional health; in general, they also experience eating and sleeping difficulties. When positively assumed, motherhood generates personal productivity leading to professional growth thus achieving a good working performance. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of life in student-mothers is strongly linked to the condition of their family relationships and the social support perceived in the university context. In terms of their personal productivity, emotional expression, health, and safety, they become dependent but can be strengthened with acceptance of the commitment implied by motherhood within their families and academic communities. Universities face a major challenge regarding this reality and the criteria to be followed to accompany the integral formation student-mothers.

[Outbreaks of Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes associated with poultry consumption. Systematic review]. / Brotes por Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus y Listeria monocytogenes asociados al consumo de pollo.

INTRODUCTION: Food borne diseases are a serious public health problem. Poultry are often associated with these outbreaks. OBJECTIVE: A systematic review of the literature is provided concerning the distribution and frequency of food borne outbreaks associated with consumption of chicken contaminated with Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search for studies of outbreaks associated with Salmonella, S. aureus and L. monocytogenes was conducted in Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, Cochrane Library (CCRT), Virtual Health Library (VHL), Highwire, HINARI and MedicLatina. Data were obtained for the calculation of odds ratio (OR) by preparing contingency tables using the RevMan5 program. RESULTS: Seven articles met the inclusion criteria; however, no reports of L. monocytogenes were obtained. The overall OR was 3.01 (95% CI: 2.37, 3.81); this was interpreted as a significant association between the consumption of contaminated chicken and food poisoning. In the included studies heterogeneity (p= 0.03) was presented, so it took a subgroup analysis of microorganisms, in the case of Salmonella OR was 2.67 (95% CI: 2.09 -3.41). No analysis was made for S. aureus reported a single article. CONCLUSIONS: The OR indicated a strong association between chicken consumption and acquisition of salmonellosis. The main risk factor for acquiring salmonellosis is the consumption of chicken from grill restaurants.

Síndrome de plaquetas pegajosas. Reporte de 2 casos en el servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial Pediátrica de la Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia / Sticky platelet syndrome. A report of 2 cases

El síndrome de plaquetas pegajosas (SPP) es un trastorno que se traduce en una serie de fenómenos protrombóticos a expensas de hiperagregabilidad plaquetaria. Es un trastorno raro y, a pesar de que puede ser identificado eficazmente mediante agregometría plaquetaria, se desconoce la etiología. Algunas publicaciones indican que el 20% de los eventos vaso-oclusivos arteriales corresponden a casos asociados al SPP. El SPP constituye un trastorno inusual; los pocos reportes oscurecen la prevalencia de esta entidad. Tiene implicación en el fracaso de colgajos libres e injertos por la formación de microtrombos. El propósito de este artículo es presentar 2 casos remitidos al Servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial Pediátrica. Adicionalmente, se presenta una revisión actualizada sobre la etiología y diagnóstico de esta condición (AU)

Sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) is a disorder that is associated with a series of arterial and venous prothrombotic events due to of platelet hyperaggregability. It's a rare condition, and even though there are efficient platelet aggregometry methods to diagnose the disorder, the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. Some publications suggest that approximately 20% of vaso-occlusive events are of SPS origin. SPS is an unusual condition; the limited number of reports contributes to the lack of documentation regarding this syndrome. SPS is associated with maxillofacial free flap and graft failures due to thrombi formation. The purpose of this article is to present 2 cases of SPS seen in the Pediatric Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department together with a review on the etiology and diagnostic features of SPS (AU)

Colgajo de perforantes de la arteria glútea superior para reconstrucción de defecto en región lumbosacra: reporte de un caso / Superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flap for lumbosacral reconstruction

Los defectos de tejidos blandos a nivel de región lumbosacra son comunes en la cirugía reconstructiva. El colgajo de perforantes de la arteria glútea superior (SGAP) es una herramienta muy útil para el cubrimiento de este tipo de defectos y se asocia con un menor porcentaje de efectos funcionales secundarios al respetar el músculo glúteo mayor y su inervación. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar el reporte de un caso describiendo las indicaciones, la técnica quirúrgica y el resultado postoperatorio de esta intervención en un paciente con un defecto de cubrimiento a nivel lumbosacro secundario a una resección oncológica.

The soft tissue defects at the level of lumbosacral region are common in reconstructive surgery. Superior gluteal artery (SGAP) perforator flap is a very useful tool for covering such defects and is associated with a lower percentage of secondary functional effects as regards the gluteus maximus muscle and its innervation. The objective of this paper is report a case, describing the indications, surgical technique, and postoperative outcome of this intervention in a patient with a soft tissue defect in lumbosacral region secondary to an oncological resection.

Calidad de vida de madres adolescentes estudiantes universitarias / Quality of life of teenage mothers, university students

Introducción: Educación universitaria y maternidad regularmente no se asocian, aunque su relación determina un riesgo importante para el proceso formativo de las madres estudiantes. Objetivo: Analizar la calidad de vida percibida por madres estudiantes universitarias. Metodología: Estudio comprensivo de tipo fenomenológico hermenéutico. Se usaron relatos de vida y entrevistas con 34 estudiantes, entre los 19 y 24 años de edad, que fueron o son madres adolescentes. Mediante análisis cualitativo, se triangularon los discursos para establecer la relación entre la práctica y el fenómeno social estudiado. Resultados: La universidad como red de apoyo social es percibida negativamente; la madres estudiantes sienten rechazo y desconsideración. Su situación económica es difícil. En ocasiones se sienten solas y experimentan vacío afectivo. El deterioro en la salud física, el estrés y la depresión hacen que la salud emocional también se vea afectada; generalmente tienen dificultad para comer y dormir. La maternidad asumida positivamente genera productividad personal, que encamina sus objetivos al crecimiento profesional, para obtener un buen desempeño laboral. Conclusiones: La calidad de vida de las estudiantes madres está ligada a la condición de sus relaciones familiares y al apoyo social que perciben en el contexto universitario. Su productividad personal, expresión emocional, salud y seguridad se tornan dependientes, pero pueden ser fortalecidas con la aceptación del compromiso que genera la maternidad en su comunidad familiar y académica. Las universidades afrontan un gran reto frente a esta realidad y a los criterios que deben seguirse para acompañar la formación integral de sus estudiantes madres…

Introduction: University education and motherhood are two aspects not generally associated, although their relationship determines a significant risk regarding the learning process of student-mothers. Objective: To assess life quality as perceived by university- student mothers. Methods: Comprehensive study of the phenomenological hermeneutical type. Interviews and life stories of 34 students between 19 and 24, who were, or are teenager mothers, were used. A qualitative analysis was applied to triangulate the discourses so as to establish relationships between practice and the social phenomenon studied. Results: The University as a social support network is negatively perceived; student mothers feel rejected and disregarded. Sometimes they feel alone and experience emotional emptiness. Additionally, physical health, stress and depression affect their emotional health; in general, they also experience eating and sleeping difficulties. When positively assumed, motherhood generates personal productivity leading to professional growth thus achieving a good working performance. Conclusions: The quality of life in student- mothers is strongly linked to the condition of their family relationships and the social support perceived in the university context. In terms of their personal productivity, emotional expression, health, and safety, they become dependent but can be strengthened with acceptance of the commitment implied by motherhood within their families and academic communities. Universities face a major challenge regarding this reality and the criteria to be followed to accompany the Integral formation student-mothers…

Brotes por Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus y Listeria monocytogenes asociados al consumo de pollo / Outbreaks of Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes associated with poultry consumption. Systematic review.

Introducción. Las enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos son un serio problema de salud pública y, el pollo, uno de los alimentos asociados con ellas. Objetivo. Determinar la distribución y frecuencia de brotes alimentarios asociados al consumo de pollo contaminado por Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes y Staphylococus aureus, mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica. Materiales y métodos. Se buscaron los estudios de brotes asociados a Salmonella spp., S. aureus y L. monocytogenes, en las bases de datos Medline, Pubmed, Science Direct,SciELO,Librería Cochrane (CCRT),Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), Highwire,HINARI y MedicLatina. Se obtuvieron los datos para el cálculo de odds ratios (OR) mediante la elaboración de tablas de contingencia en el programa RevMan5™. Resultados. Siete artículos cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y no se encontraron reportes de L. monocytogenes. El OR global fue de 3,01 (IC95% 2,37-3,81), lo que se interpreta como una asociación significativa entre el consumo de pollo contaminado y la infección alimentaria. Se presentó heterogeneidad en los estudios incluidos (p=0,03), por lo que fue necesario un análisis por subgrupos de microorganismos; para el caso de Salmonella spp., el OR fue de 2,67 (IC95% 2,09-3,41). No se hizo análisis para S. aureus por reportarse un solo artículo. Conclusiones. Se encontró un OR de 2,61, lo que indica que hay una fuerte asociación entre el consumo de pollo y la adquisición de salmonelosis. El principal factor de riesgo para adquirir salmonelosis es el consumo de pollo de asadero en los restaurantes.

Introduction. Food borne diseases are a serious public health problem. Poultry are often associated with these outbreaks. Objective. A systematic review of the literature is provided concerning the distribution and frequency of food borne outbreaks associated with consumption of chicken contaminated with Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and methods. The search for studies of outbreaks associated with Salmonella, S. aureus and L. monocytogenes was conducted in Medline, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scielo, Cochrane Library (CCRT), Virtual Health Library (VHL), Highwire, HINARI and MedicLatina. Data were obtained for the calculation of odds ratio (OR) by preparing contingency tables using the RevMan5 program. Results. Seven articles met the inclusion criteria; however, no reports of L. monocytogenes were obtained. The overall OR was 3.01 (95% CI: 2.37, 3.81); this was interpreted as a significant association between the consumption of contaminated chicken and food poisoning. In the included studies heterogeneity (p= 0.03) was presented, so it took a subgroup analysis of microorganisms, in the case of Salmonella OR was 2.67 (95% CI: 2.09 -3.41). No analysis was made for S. aureus reported a single article. Conclusions. The OR indicated a strong association between chicken consumption and acquisition of salmonellosis. The main risk factor for acquiring salmonellosis is the consumption of chicken from grill restaurants.

Representaciones sociales de un grupo de estudiantes universitarios frente a un acto terrorista en Bogotá / Social representations in a university students group in a terrorist act in Bogotá

El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las representaciones sociales de un grupo de 20 jóvenes universitarios frente al atentado con carro bomba ocurrido el 19 de Octubre del 2006 en la Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército Nacional ubicada en la ciudad de Bogotá. Para ello se aplicó una entrevista estructurada conformada por tres preguntas abiertas con el fin de conocer las representaciones de jóvenes universitarios pertenecientes a dos universidades diferentes: Universidad Militar Nueva Granada y Universidad Católica de Colombia. El análisis cualitativo de los datos evidencia la emergencia de categorías de análisis tales como: atribución de responsabilidad, vivencia del atentado y acciones preventivas en la representación del atentado.

The aim of this study was to know the social representations in a group of 20 young university students about the car-bomb attack which have place at October 19 of 2006 in the Superior School of War of the National Army located in Bogotá city. To do it, a structured interview was applied conformed by three open questions with the purpose of know the representations of young university students from two different universities: Military University New Granada and Catholic University of Colombia. The qualitative analysis of the data demonstrates the emergency of categories of analysis such as: attribution of responsibility, experience of the attack and preventive actions in the representation of the attack.

Um estudo comparativo da prova gráfica de organização perceptiva para crianças de 4 a 6 anos de São Paulo / Comparative study of the perceptive organization graphic test for children aged from 4 to 6 years old from São Paulo

A Prova Gráfica de Organização Perceptiva para crianças de 4 a 6 anos, conhecido no Brasil como Pré-Bender, é um teste derivado do Teste Gestáltico Viso Motor de Bender (Bender, 1938) que investiga o nível da maturação percepto-visomotora. A maturação da percepção pode ser prejudicada por aspectos estruturais e funcionais que podem interferir sobre o aprendizado da leitura e escrita ou provocar um atraso no desenvolvimento. O presente trabalho investigou a realização no Pré-Bender de 94 crianças pré-escolares e a freqüência de êxito na cópia de cada figura. Comparou a pontuação total obtida pelas crianças que fizeram parte da amostra com os resultados encontrados por Macedo, em 1973, e por Santucci, em 1960. A aplicação foi individual e de acordo com as instruções padronizadas de Santucci, feita por estudantes de 4º e 5º anos de Psicologia. Enquanto os resultados obtidos por Santucci revelaram resultados superiores das meninas, nesta pesquisa este resultado não se confirmou. As médias de pontos das crianças de 4 e de 5 anos foram levemente superiores em relação à pesquisa de Santucci e aos obtidos por Macedo na idade de 6 anos. Os resultados também indicaram um aumento no número médio de pontos de acordo com o aumento da idade, confirmando a possibilidade do uso desta prova como medida do desenvolvimento perceptivo-motor