Pure Aortic Regurgitation Complicated by Membranous Interventricular Septum Aneurysm Treated With Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

An 89-year-old woman with severe aortic regurgitation and an aneurysmal interventricular membranous septum extending into the aortic annulus underwent successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement. A challenging case because of the risk of valve mispositioning complications attributed to the co-occurrence of pure aortic regurgitation (very low calcium burden) with an aneurysmal interventricular membranous septum. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.).

[Batimastat-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of coronary artery disease: results of the Brazilian pilot study]. / Implante de stent eluído com batimastat para o tratamento da doença arterial coronariana: resultados do estudo piloto brasileiro.

OBJECTIVE: The excellent results obtained with sirolimus (rapamicin)-eluting stents for preventing restenosis have motivated the evaluation of other substances with that property. Batimastat is a highly effective metalloproteinase enzyme blocker, with the potential to reduce the degradation of extracellular matrix and to inhibit the migration of smooth muscle cells, with the consequent capacity to control coronary restenosis. METHODS: From October 2001 to April 2002, 34 patients were prospectively selected with de novo lesions in a native coronary artery > 50% and < 100%, which could be treated with stents of 3 to 4 mm in diameter and 18 mm in length. The primary outcome of the study was to assess the occurrence of major cardiovascular events (death of cardiac origin, acute myocardial infarction, and the need for revascularizing the target vessel) by the 30th day and fourth month; the secondary outcome of the study was to assess the rate of coronary restenosis 4 months after implantation and subacute thrombosis by the 30th day. RESULTS: The success rate of the procedure was 97.1%. The primary outcome occurred in 2.9% and 27.2% of the patients by the 30th day and fourth month, respectively. The binary restenosis rate on angiography was 39.3%. No episode of subacute thrombosis occurred. The comparative analysis between groups with and without restenosis showed no significant difference between both, except for late luminal loss, which was greater in G-I. CONCLUSION: Batimastat-eluting stents had a good safety profile; however, they were not effective in controlling coronary restenosis.

Comparison of immediate results and follow-up of patients with single-vessel and multivessel coronary artery disease younger than 50 years of age undergoing coronary stent implantation.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the in-hospital results and clinical follow-up of young patients (< 50 years) with multivessel coronary artery disease undergoing stent implantation in native coronary arteries and to compare their results with those of patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 462 patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group I (G-I) - 388 (84%) patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease; and group II (G-II) - 74 (16%) patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 45 4.9 years, and the clinical findings at presentation and demographic data were similar in both groups. The rate of clinical success was 95% in G-I and 95.8% in G-II (P=0.96), with no difference in regard to in-hospital evolution between the groups. Death, acute myocardial infarction, and the need for myocardial revascularization during clinical follow-up occurred in 10.1% and 11.2% (P=0.92) in G-I and G-II, respectively. By the end of 24 months, the actuarial analysis showed an event-free survival of 84.6 % in G-I and 81.1% in G-II (P=0.57). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous treatment with coronary stent implantation in young patients with multivessel disease may be safe with a high rate of clinical success, a low incidence of in-hospital complications, and a favorable evolution in clinical follow-up.

Artéria coronária única submetida a angioplastia com implante de Stent / Single coronary artery: angioplasty with stent implantation

Relatamos caso de rara anomalia de artéria coronária direita saindo do terço médio da artéria descendente anterior com lesão obstrutiva ateromatosa proximal, imediatamente antes da emergência da coronária direita. O paciente foi submetido a angioplastia com implante de Stent na descendente anterior com sucesso. Há relatos de apenas 7 casos desta anomalia de distribuição na literatura, porém nenhum com tratamento de revascularização percutânea.

Implante de stent eluído com batimastat para o tratamento da doença arterial coronariana: resultados do estudo piloto brasileiro / Batimastat-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of coronary artery disease: results of the Brazilian pilot study

OBJETIVO: Os excelentes resultados obtidos com os stents eluídos com sirolimus (rapamicina) na prevenção da reestenose motivaram a avaliação de outras substâncias que também apresentassem esta propriedade. O batimastat é um bloqueador de alta eficácia da enzima metaloproteinase, com potencial para reduzir a degradação da matriz extracelular e inibir a migração das células musculares lisas, com conseqüente capacidade de controlar a reestenose coronariana. MÉTODOS: De outubro/2001 a abril/2002, foram selecionados prospectivamente, 34 pacientes com lesões "de novo", em artéria coronária nativa, >50 por cento e < 100 por cento, passíveis de tratamento com stents de 3 a 4 mm de diâmetro e de 18 mm de comprimento. O desfecho primário do estudo foi verificar a ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares maiores (morte de origem cardíaca, infarto agudo do miocárdio e necessidade de revascularização do vaso alvo) aos 30 dias e aos 4 meses e o secundário avaliar a taxa de reestenose coronariana após 4 meses do implante e de trombose subaguda aos 30 dias. RESULTADOS: A taxa de sucesso do procedimento foi de 97,1 por cento. O desfecho primário ocorreu em 2,9 por cento e 27,2 por cento dos pacientes aos 30 dias e aos 4 meses respectivamente. A taxa de reestenose binária ao estudo angiográfico foi de 39,3 por cento. Não houve episódio de trombose subaguda. A análise comparativa entre os grupos que apresentaram ou não reestenose não mostrou diferenças significativas entre ambos, exceto na perda luminal tardia, maior no G-I. CONCLUSAO: Os stents eluídos com batimastat apresentaram bom perfil de segurança, entretanto, não se mostraram efetivos no controle da reestenose coronariana.

Resultados imediatos e seguimento de pacientes uniarteriais versus multiarteriais com idade inferior a 50 anos submetidos a implante de stent coronariano / Comparison of immediate results and follow-up of patients with single-vessel and multivessel coronary artery disease younger than 50 years of age undergoing coronary stent implantation

OBJECTIVE: To assess the in-hospital results and clinical follow-up of young patients (< 50 years) with multivessel coronary artery disease undergoing stent implantation in native coronary arteries and to compare their results with those of patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 462 patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group I (G-I) - 388 (84 percent) patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease; and group II (G-II) - 74 (16 percent) patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 45±4.9 years, and the clinical findings at presentation and demographic data were similar in both groups. The rate of clinical success was 95 percent in G-I and 95.8 percent in G-II (P=0.96), with no difference in regard to in-hospital evolution between the groups. Death, acute myocardial infarction, and the need for myocardial revascularization during clinical follow-up occurred in 10.1 percent and 11.2 percent (P=0.92) in G-I and G-II, respectively. By the end of 24 months, the actuarial analysis showed an event-free survival of 84.6 percent in G-I and 81.1 percent in G-II (P=0.57). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous treatment with coronary stent implantation in young patients with multivessel disease may be safe with a high rate of clinical success, a low incidence of in-hospital complications, and a favorable evolution in clinical follow-up

Valvuloplastia Mitral com Cateter Balão: resultados imediatos e evolução a longo prazo / Percutaneous Mitral Balloon Valvotomy: immediate results and late clinical follow up

A estenose mitral ainda é uma das valvulopatias mais frequentes em nosso meio, sendo a principal cardiopatia reumática encontrada durante a gravidez. A valvuloplastia mitral com cateter balão (VMCB) é uma opção terapêutica alternativa de grande valia, ao tratamento cirúrgico, nos pacientes portadores de estenose mitral severa adequadamente selecionados. Neste trabalho procuramos demonstrar nossa experiência e resultados com a VMCB. Foram realizadas 305 valvoplastias percutâneas, entre o período de Janeiro/1988 a Setembro/1998; sendo que destas, 30(trinta) eram gestantes em classe funcional III e IV (NYHA) apesar da terapêutica medicamentosa. Foram avaliados a classe funcional, os resultados hemodinâmicos e ecocardiográficos, pré e pós procedimento e durante o follow up. O sucesso do procedimento, definido como área valvar mitral final >1.5cm² na ausência de complicações maiores (insuficiência mitral grave, necessidade de novo procedimento ou cirurgia, óbito), foi de 92 por cento. Houve uma melhora imediata da classe funcional, permanecendo a maioria dos pacientes em CF I e II. A avaliação ecocardiográfica no controle evolutivo demonstrou pequena diminuição da àrea valvar obtida após o porcedimento, mas ainda compatível com estenose mitral de grau leve. Estes resultados favoráveis imediatos e a longo prazo sugerem ser a VMCB o procedimento de escolha para o tratamento de pacientes portadores de estenose mitral adequadamente selecionados