Can lightweight rescuers adequately perform CPR according to 2010 resuscitation guideline requirements?

AIM: To evaluate associations between rescuers' anthropometric characteristics and chest compressions (CC) depth according to 2010 resuscitation guidelines. METHODS: 186 medical and pharmacy students, never trained in basic life support (BLS) before, underwent video self-instruction training. The participants were asked to perform a BLS test on a manikin connected to a PC for 6 min immediately after training, and the quality of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills was evaluated. RESULTS: Women with body weights less than 56 kg were 6.29 times more likely to produce insufficient CCs than women weighing 56-62.7 kg, and 4.72 times more likely to produce insufficient CCs compared with women weighing more than 62.7 kg. CONCLUSIONS: Lightweight rescuers may have difficulty achieving the full compression depth of 5-6 cm required by new resuscitation guidelines. These rescuers require special attention during CPR training, with an emphasis on correct body positioning and use of body weight for CCs.

Magical manoeuvre: a 5-s instructor's intervention helps lightweight female rescuers achieve the required chest compression depth.

BACKGROUND: Adequate chest compression (CC) depth is crucial for resuscitation outcomes. Lightweight rescuers, particularly women, are often unable to achieve the required 5-6 cm CC depth. This nonrandomized cohort study investigated new strategies to improve CC performance. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a 5-s instructor's intervention on the depth of CCs performed by female rescuers during standard video self-instruction basic life support training. METHODS: Data were prospectively collected from January 2011 to January 2012 from 336 female medical and pharmacy students undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. During the training process, the instructors performed a simple 5-s intervention (Andrew's manoeuvre) with all of the rescuers in the study group. The instructor pushed 10 times on the shoulders of each trainee while she performed CCs to achieve the maximal required compression depth. Immediately after training, the participants were asked to perform a 6-min basic life support test on a manikin that was connected to a PC with Skill Reporter System software; the quality of the participants' CPR skills was then evaluated. RESULTS: The CC depth in the study group increased by 6.4 mm (P<0.001) compared with the control group (52.9 vs. 46.6 mm). A regression analysis showed that Andrew's manoeuvre increased the depth of the CCs among women by 14.87×(1-0.01×weight) mm. CONCLUSION: A simple 5-s instructor's intervention during the CPR training significantly improved the performance of the female rescuers and helped them achieve the CC depth required by 2010 resuscitation guidelines. Andrew's manoeuvre is most effective among the women with the lowest body weight.