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CASE SUMMARY: A 10-year-old spayed female American Shorthair cat underwent renal transplantation due to worsening chronic kidney disease secondary to polycystic kidney disease. During transplantation, the right kidney grossly appeared to be more diseased than the left and was firmly adhered to the surrounding tissues. An intraoperative fine-needle aspirate of the right native kidney revealed inflammatory cells but no evidence of neoplasia. To create space for the allograft, a right nephrectomy was performed. Following nephrectomy, the right native kidney was submitted for biopsy. Biopsy results revealed a renal cell carcinoma. Although the cat initially recovered well from surgery, delayed graft function was a concern in the early postoperative period. Significant azotemia persisted and the cat began to have diarrhea. Erythematous skin lesions developed in the perineal and inguinal regions, which were suspected to be secondary to thromboembolic disease based on histopathology. The cat's clinical status continued to decline with development of signs of sepsis, followed by marked obtundation with uncontrollable seizures. Given the postoperative diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma and the cat's progressively declining clinical status, humane euthanasia was elected. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION: This case is the first to document renal cell carcinoma in a cat with polycystic kidney disease. An association of the two diseases has been reported in the human literature, but such a link has yet to be described in veterinary medicine. Given the association reported in the human literature, a plausible relationship between polycystic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma in cats merits further investigation.
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CASE SERIES SUMMARY: The congenital midline defects of peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) and omphalocele are believed to be related developmental defects, and have both been described in cats and dogs. This case series describes multiple cases of PPDH and omphalocele in related cats. The majority of cats affected with midline defects (PPDH or omphalocele) were male, consistent with previous reports of male overrepresentation. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION: This is the first report of a family of Persian cats affected by PPDH and/or omphalocele. Clinical findings and pedigree information are suggestive of an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. However, other modes of inheritance cannot be ruled out owing to limited sample size. The findings in this family and previous reports of Persians affected by PPDH warrant further investigation. Based on this information, recommendations for breeding populations of Persians and long-haired cats should include thoracic radiographs to screen for PPDH until a DNA-based genetic test is available.
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Postmortem examination of 21 neonatal white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) from Delaware, US identified six fawns with Theileria spp. organisms or suspected infection.