Uroprotective effects of berberine and curcumin in cyclophosphamide-induced interstitial cystitis.

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of berberine (BER) and curcumin (CUR) in the experimental model of cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP). A total of 36 Wistar-Albino female rats were used in the study. Rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6). Normal control group, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group, CYP group (75 mg/kg), CYP + BER (75 mg/kg CYP and 50 mg/kg BER), CYP + CUR group (75 mg/kg CYP and 50 mg/kg CUR), CYP + BER + CUR group (75 mg/kg CYP and 50 mg/kg BER and 50 mg/kg CUR). Severe edema, hyperemia, hemorrhage, necrosis, and thinning of the epithelial layer were observed in the CYP group. BER and CUR treatment significantly reduced these pathologies. Masson-Trichrome staining was severe in the CYP group and moderate in the CYP + BER, CYP + CUR, and CYP + BER + CUR groups. In the CYP group, there was a severe expression of caspase-3, TNF-α and IL-6, and mild expression of IL-10. BER and CUR treatment decreased the expression of caspase-3, TNF-α, and IL-6 and increased the expression of IL-10. The findings of the study reveal that BER and CUR treatments may reduce CYP-induced bladder damage by reducing apoptosis and inflammation and ameliorating histopathological changes.

Endoscopic Resection of Nasal Septal Chondroma.

Chondromas are benign cartilaginous tumors and rarely develop in the nasal septum. Although it causes different symptoms depending on the location and size of the tumor, the most common complaints are nasal obstruction and epistaxis. A submucosal mass narrowing the nasal passage can be seen in the septum by an endoscope. Computed tomography gives information about the localization and size of the mass. A definitive diagnosis is made by histopathologic examination. Treatment is surgical excision. Endoscopic surgery provides a less invasive and successful treatment. This case series aims to share that 2 cases with a diagnosis of nasal septal chondroma were successfully treated with endoscopic surgery.

Spatial assessment of sediment risk with integrated entropy-based WASPAS and fuzzy clustering methods in Turkey: impact of forestry activities and meteorological factors.

The sediment formed during erosion processes is acknowledged as one of the important contributors to environmental damage. In forest areas, sediment production occurs as a result of meteorological factors and wood harvesting, as well as forest road construction activities carried out for the continuity of forests. In this context, the aim of the study is to reveal the sediment risk in forest areas at the provincial level in Turkey by using entropy-based weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) and fuzzy clustering methods. The results establish that the weights of the factors affecting the sediment risk are the forest road construction rate (0.3721), the wood harvesting rate (0.3463), the average precipitation (0.2227), and the average temperature (0.0587). Seven provinces were found in the highest risk class of the cluster in terms of sediment risk. Two of those (Yalova and Kocaeli) are located in the Marmara Region, while the others (Bartin, Düzce, Giresun, Ordu, and Zonguldak) are located in the Black Sea Region. Four of the provinces in the lowest risk class of the cluster (Bingöl, Bitlis, Erzincan, and Malatya) are located in the Eastern Anatolia Region, while a fifth (Siirt) is located in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. As is seen in the study, multi-criteria decision-making methods make it possible to evaluate different scenarios for sedimentation estimation and control and to select the most effective solutions. In conclusion, the use of WASPAS, entropy, and fuzzy clustering methods can provide a comprehensive and effective approach for assessing the sediment risk.

Effect of combined use of tolterodine and continuous positive airway pressure vs continuous positive airway pressure only treatment on overactive bladder symptoms in women with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is associated with urological symptoms, including overactive bladder (OAB). This study aims to determine whether combined tolterodine and CPAP therapies are more effective for patients with OSAS than CPAP treatment only. METHODS: Women who underwent polysomnography test and were diagnosed with moderate-to-severe OSAS with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) were included in the study. Data were collected on AHI, OAB awareness-8-item tool (OAB-V8), incontinence questionnaire-urinary incontinence short form (ICIQ-UI-SF), total daily urine volume (DUV), and the Benefit, satisfaction with treatment and willingness (BSW) tool. Eligible patients were randomized to receive either CPAP treatment only or combined CPAP and tolterodine treatment for 3 months. RESULTS: Among 103 participants, a total of 60 were included. Patients in both treatment arms showed significant improvements in OAB-V8, ICIQ-UI-SF, and total DUV compared to their baseline. The mean OAB-V8 was 15.7 at baseline and 5.6 at 3 months for the combined treatment arm and 16.6 and 7.6 at 3 months for the CPAP group only (mean baseline-adjusted between-group difference -1.1 [95% CI, -12.3 to -7.4]; p < 0.001). The improvement in the mean ICIQ-UI-SF was also statistically more significant in the combined therapy group than in the CPAP only arm (mean baseline-adjusted between-group difference -3.27 [95% CI, -4.6 to -1.59]; p < 0.001). No statistical significance was found in the improvement of total DUV between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, combined use of tolterodine with CPAP provides beneficial effects to CPAP treatment only regarding OAB symptoms. Further research is required to confirm these findings in a large cohort.

St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)-Related Acute Kidney Injury.

Some herbal products were reported to cause nephrotoxicity through different mechanisms. This case report defines an acute kidney injury (AKI) in a patient who used Hypericum perforatum tea as a sleep disorder remedy. The patient developed AKI after ingestion of tea prepared from Hypericum perforatum and underwent hemodialysis because of acute kidney failure. After 1 week, the kidney recovered, and she was discharged with normal kidney function. This is the first case reported having acute kidney failure caused by ingestion of Hypericum perforatum.

Sinapic acid ameliorates cisplatin-induced disruptions in testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis by modulating androgen receptor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and apoptosis in male rats.

The chemotherapeutic cisplatin, which is widely used in many cancer types, causes testicular toxicity. Sinapic acid has many therapeutic effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihyperglycaemic. This study aimed to investigate the improving effects of sinapic acid in cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity. Twenty-eight rats were distributed into 4 groups. Control group: saline was applied intraperitoneal. Cisplatin group: A single dose of 7 mg/kg of cisplatin was injected into rats. Cisplatin +Sinapic acid group: 3 days after a single dose of 7 mg/kg cisplatin was injected, 25 mg/kg of sinapic acid was given for 7 days. Sinapic acid group: rats were received 25 mg/kg/day of sinapic acid. Numerical density of spermatogonium, Leydig and volume density of germinal epithelial were calculated. Caspase-3, Bcl-2, AR and PCNA expressions in testis were evaluated and testosterone and LH levels were measured. Cisplatin application decreased the numerical density of spermatogonium and Leydig, volume density of germinal, epididymal sperm count, testosterone, LH and the expressions of Bcl-2, AR and PCNA in testis. However, sinapic acid treatment significantly restored the parameters of our study. The results of the present study revealed that cisplatin can cause male reproductive toxicity and sinapic acid can have improving effects against cisplatin-induced male reproductive toxicity.

Determination of miRNA expression profile in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: It is a known fact that the role of microRNAs (miRNA) has a very important place in cancer development and progression. miRNAs target a significant part of pathways as well as genes. This study aimed to compare the differential expression profiles of miRNAs in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia patients. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and tissue samples were collected from prostate cancer (PCa) (n: 20) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (n: 20) patients. Total RNA isolation was performed. As a result of the RNA concentration and purity measurement, each patient group was pooled, and the miRNAs profiles comparison was performed with the Affymetrix Microarray System. RESULTS: In tissue samples, 37 different expressed miRNAs were identified in PCa patients compared to BPH patients. In PBMCs samples, 27 different expressed miRNAs were identified in PCa patients compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia patients. As a result of the comparison of tissue and PBMCs samples, it was determined that down regülated hsa-miR-494-3p, hsa-miR-3128, hsa-miR-8084 were common miRNAs. 3 (HIF1A, NHS,INSL4) targets identified for hsa-miR-494-3p, 2 (HIF1A, AVRP1A) for hsa-miR-3128, 3 (AVRP1A, NHS, INSL4) for hsa-miR-8084. DISCUSSION: Our results suggested that determined common hsa-miR-494-3p, hsa-miR-3128, hsa-miR-8084 and their target HIF1A, AVRP1A, NHS, INSL4 may play a crucial role in therapeutic and early diagnostic strategies for prostate cancer. The present study may represent the first in-depth analysis of PBMCs and tissue samples miRNA profiles.

The relationship between overactive bladder and attachment: A preliminary study.

AIM: There are strong relationships between overactive bladder (OAB) and psychological factors. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between OAB and attachment. METHODS: Patients who presented with OAB symptoms and were first diagnosed with OAB were included in the study. Patient and control groups were matched in terms of age and gender. A urological and psychiatric examination was performed on each participant. The severity of patients' OAB symptoms was assessed using the Overactive Bladder-V8 Questionnaire (OAB-v8). The characteristics of attachment patterns were evaluated using The Close Relationships Scale Revised. RESULTS: The OAB and control groups included 41 and 43 participants, respectively. No significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to alcohol abuse, daily cigarette consumption, marital status, and gender. The prevalence of anxious attachment was significantly higher in the OAB group than in the control group (p < 0.001), whereas no significant difference was found with regard to avoidant attachment (p = 0.18). A significant relationship was found between the OAB-v8 score and anxious attachment in OAB patients (r = 0.50; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that insecure attachment, especially anxious attachment is associated with OAB and the severity of OAB symptoms. More extensive and longitudinal studies can better show the relationship between attachment and OAB. Future research may focus on the possibility of causality between attachment and OAB.

Comparison of focused and unfocused ESWT in treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Recently, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is more commonly used in noninvasive treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). There is no definitive treatment protocol on the use of ESWT. In this study, we aimed to compare focused and unfocused ESWT in ED. We created two groups, each including 20 patients with similar demographics. Focused ESWT is performed in one group, while unfocused ESWT is performed for the other group. Patients are assessed with IIEF-5 and EHS. Mean score of IIEF-5 was increased by 6.3 ± 3.3 (p < .05) from 9.6 ± 2.9 to 15.0 ± 5.0 in 3-month follow-up in the unfocused group. In the focused group, IIEF-5 score increased by 5.34 in average from 10.01 ± 2.5 to 15.4 ± 3.1. In conclusion, IIEF-5 score was significantly higher in the unfocused ESWT group than the focused ESWT group.

Efficacy of a commercial test kit to determine early pregnancy in cows using whole blood and blood serum.

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the Fassisi®BoviPreg visual test kit (Fassisi®BoviPreg) in determining early pregnancies in cows by measuring the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) in whole blood and blood serum. The study was conducted on 50 cows, the artificial insemination (AI) dates of which were designated as day 0. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed with transrectal ultrasonography (USG), and serum samples were simultaneously collected and used with Fassisi®BoviPreg to determine pregnancies on 30 days after AI. The results of the Fassisi®BoviPreg test on serum and whole blood samples, respectively, on 30 days after AI were as follows: sensitivity, 61.54% and 50.0%; specificity, 79.17% and 75%; accuracy, 70.0% and 62.0%; positive predictive values, 76.2% and 68.4%; negative predictive values, 65.5% and 58.1%; false-positive diagnoses, 23.8% and 31.6%; and false-negative diagnoses, 34.5% and 41.9%. On day 50 after AI, sensitivities were 63.64% and 50.0%, specificities were 100.0% and 100.0%, and accuracies were 75.0% and 65.62% in serum and whole blood, respectively. Higher pregnancy rates were obtained using Fassisi®BoviPreg in cows with ≥ 5 ng/mL P4 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the results from the Fassisi®BoviPreg tests on cows on 30 and 50 days after AI showed that the use of blood serum is more accurate and suitable than that of whole blood. The results also showed a higher confidence level in specificity 50 days after AI.

Rare complication of varicocelectomy: Suture granuloma.

After varicocelectomy, complications such as hydrocele, testicular atrophy and recurrence can be seen. Our case was a 29-year-old male patient who had a fistula mouth laterally on the left scrotum. In the examination and scrotal ultrasonography (USG), a foreign body was detected under the skin. The patient had a history of varicocelectomy, suggesting suture reaction. Our case is interesting because it is the first reported suture granuloma case after varicocelectomy.

Can we Predict Preoperative Tumor Aggressivity with Hemogram Parameters in Renal Cell Carcinoma? a Novel Calculation Method.

We aim to investigate the prognostic significance of the hemoglobin X lymphocyte / neutrophil ratio (HLNR) and hemoglobin x lymphocyte / platelet ratio (HLPR) with tumor aggressivity in patients with renal cell carcinoma. We retrospectively analyzed 127 patients' data who had diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma between 2008 and 2019 in Suleyman Demirel University Hospital. Tumor and patient characteristics, hemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet values HLNR and HLPR were calculated in preoperative hemogram parameters. The relationship between tumor pathological stage, Fuhrman nuclear grade and tumor necrosis with HLPR and HLNR analyzed with statistically. There was a negative correlation between pathologic stage, Fuhrman nuclear grade and tumor necrosis with HLNR. P values are 0.003, 0.012 and 0.015 respectively. HLNR was lower in patients with high pathologic stage, high Fuhrman nuclear grade and accompanying tumor necrosis positiveness. There was a negative correlation between pathologic stage, Fuhrman nuclear grade and tumor necrosis with HLPR. P values are 0.001, 0.014 and 0.047 respectively. HLPR was lower in patients with high pathologic stage, high Fuhrman nuclear grade and accompanying tumor necrosis positiveness. High pathological stage, high Fuhrman nuclear grade and existence of tumor necrosis are associates with preoperative low HLNR and low HLPR in renal cell carcinoma patients. They can be used as prognostic markers in patients with renal mass preoperatively.

Assessment of risk factors in forest road design and construction activities with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process approach in Turkey.

Forest road design and construction are time-consuming and complicated because various risk factors can be encountered during the process. The aim of this study is to comprehensively assess the risk factors in forest road design and construction using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method in Turkey, thus contributing to the proper performance of these activities. Within the scope of the study, six main risk factors and 22 sub-risk factors were identified based on literature review. In order to determine the weights of the relevant risk factors, the opinions of three different groups [(group 1: academicians), (group 2: forest engineers (private sector employees + public sector employees)), (group 3: group 1 + group 2)] about the risk factors were obtained. Relevant risk factor weights were determined using the fuzzy AHP method. According to group 3, the most important main risk factors are technical risks and environmental risks. In addition, the most important sub-risk factors for each relevant main risk factor were incorrect road alignment, inadequate work safety in the field, insufficient capital, legal problems on the road alignment, landslide risk during road construction, and illegal logging. Differences were observed between groups 1 and 2 in the weight rankings of relevant risk factor. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy AHP method can be used effectively to assess the risks of forest road design and construction.

High accuracy monitoring system to estimate forest road surface degradation on horizontal curves.

Well-maintained pavements reduce occurring severe accidents on horizontal curves. For this reason, the monitoring and evaluation of pavement conditions are important. This study evaluates pavement conditions considering volumetric degradation or displacement on 11 horizontal curves in forest roads, depending on meteorological conditions, traffic effects, and curve parameters. Within this context, pavement displacement (degradation) was investigated and measured with terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) for a year on a monthly basis. In this study, two multiple regression models were developed to estimate the degradation values of a forest road. According to model 1, which was developed to estimate the loss volume values, the adjusted R2 was 0.658. For model 2, which was developed to estimate the gain volume values, the adjusted R2 was 0.490. Validations of models were evaluated with different statistical tests. In conclusion, volumetric degradation can be calculated with TLS-based data. Forest road designers should determine horizontal curve characteristics, taking into consideration the pavement degradation and traffic safety.

Oxidative DNA Damage to Sperm Cells and Peripheral Blood Leukocytes in Infertile Men.

BACKGROUND Oxidative DNA damage is associated with male infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative DNA damage of sperm cells and blood leukocytes and to determine the levels of MDA and NO levels in seminal and blood plasma of idiopathic infertile men. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study enrolled 52 patients, including 30 infertile and 22 fertile men. MDA, NO, and 8-OHdG/106dG were estimated using spectrophotometry and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based methods in seminal and blood plasma. The association with the sperm parameters was assessed, particularly sperm counts and motility. RESULTS The mean sperm concentration and sperm motility of the fertile men were significantly higher than that of the infertile men. The mean MDA and NO concentration in the seminal and blood samples of the infertile men were higher than that of fertile men. Also, the mean numbers of sperm cells and leukocytes 8-OHdG/106dG of the infertile men were significantly higher than that of fertile men (p=0.04 and p<0.001, respectively). Sperm motility and sperm count were negatively correlated with leukocyte and sperm cell 8-OHdG/106dG ratio. However, progressive motility was significantly negatively correlated with sperm cell and leukocyte 8-OHdG/106dG ratio (R=-0.357, p=0.026; R=-0.388, p=0.024, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress is an important factor in male infertility. Therefore, biochemical detection of 8-OHdG/106dG in sperm cells and blood leukocytes may be an additional tool in the diagnosis of male infertility.

Fournier's gangrene: Causes, presentation and survival of sixty-five patients.

OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with Fournier's Gangrene (FG) over the past eight years and evaluate the predisposing factors which affect the mortality. METHODS: Sixty-five patients who were admitted to emergency surgical unit of our institution presenting with FG between January 2006 and August 2014 were included. The anatomical site of infective gangrene, predisposing factors, etiological factors, and outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Our cases included 8 women and 57 men. The average age of men was 51±13.9 (range 19-75) and the average age of women was 63±10.5 (range 52-76). Average hospitalization time was 9.2±6.6 days (range 5-25) days. The most frequent comorbid disease was diabetes mellitus and the most frequent etiology was perianal abscess. Colostomy was performed in 11 patients, orchidectomy in two patients, cystostomy in two patients. Notably, all of the 8 (12.3%) patients who died from FG had diabetes and low socioeconomic status. A total of six patients who died required more than one surgical debridement. CONCLUSIONS: Fournier's gangrene is a severe surgical emergency, with a high mortality rate. Low socioeconomic status, diabetes and more than one debridement play a major role in mortality and morbidity.

Serum Levels of Trace Elements in Patients with Testicular Cancers.

INTRODUCTION: Trace elements are primary components of biological structures; however, they can be toxic when their concentrations are higher than those needed for biological functions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study serum levels of trace elements were measured in 30 patients (mean age was 26.9±11.2 years) newly diagnosed with germ cell testicular cancer and 32 healthy volunteers (mean age: 27.4±10.8) by using furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Serum samples were stored at-20ºC until assays. RESULTS: In patients with germ cell testicular cancer, the diagnosis was seminoma in 15, mix germ cell tumor in 7, embryonal carcinoma in 4, yolk sac tumor in 2 and teratoma in 2 patients. There was stage I testicular tumor in 19 patients (63.3%) while stage II in 6 patients (20.0%), stage IIIA in 4 patients (13.3%) and stage IIIC in one patient (3.4%). It was found that serum Co, Cu, Mg and Pb levels were increased (p<0.05), whereas Fe, Mn, and Zn levels were decreased in patients with testicular cancer (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These alterations may be important in the pathogenesis of testicular cancers; however, further prospective studies are needed to identify the relationship between testicular cancer and trace elements.

Hydrogen-rich water supplementation improves metabolic profile during peripartum period in Gurcu goats and enhances the health and survival of kids.

In this study, the effect of intaking hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on the metabolic profile of Gurcu goats during the peripartum period and the survival/growth performance of kids were evaluated. Twenty-three pregnant goats were divided into two groups 21-23 days before the due date. Group 1 (G1, n = 10) was given HRW from day 21 before delivery until day 21 after delivery. Group 2 (G2, n = 13) served as the control. Blood samples were weekly taken from 21 days before delivery until 21 days after delivery. Hydrogen-rich water increased serum glucose concentration on the delivery day more than in G2 (P = 0.016). Hydrogen-rich water decreased serum total cholesterol (P = 0.02) and creatinine (P = 0.05) concentration at delivery. Group effect and time effect were significant in triglyceride (P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively) and albumin (P < 0.001, P = 0.002, respectively) concentration. Aspartate transaminase decreased towards the delivery day in G1 (P < 0.05). Serum non-esterified fatty acids concentration was lower in G1 than in G2, but there was no significant differences (P > 0.05). Beta-hydroxybutyric acid concentration an increased in both groups during the prepartum period, although there was no significance (P > 0.05). Hydrogen-rich water did not affect the birth weight and growth performance of the kids (P > 0.05), but it increased their survival rates and overall health, although there was no significance (P > 0.05). In conclusion, HRW may have an impact on the metabolic profiles during the peripartum period and have a positive effect on lipid profiles. Additionally, intaking HRW to goats during the peripartum period may improve the health and survival of kids and reduce their mortality.

Determination of anti-Müllerian hormone levels in blood and urine in fertile cats.

In recent years, blood anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels have been investigated in female animals to diagnose many conditions, such as the presence of ovarian tissue, follicle reserve, and granulosa cell tumors. Since blood collection is an invasive method, diagnosis with a non-invasive method is important in terms of practicality and animal welfare. This study aimed to investigate the presence of AMH in cat urine and determine whether a correlation exists between blood and urine AMH levels. In addition, it was aimed at revealing whether there was a change in blood and urine AMH levels according to ovarian follicle distribution. Twenty-seven healthy, fertile female cats in the follicular phase were included. Following blood and urine sample collection, a routine ovariohysterectomy was performed. Histological analysis of the removed ovarian tissue was used to determine ovarian follicle types. While both AMH and estrogen levels were determined in blood samples, only AMH levels were investigated in urine samples. Blood AMH levels averaged 10.61 ± 0.75 ng/mL (range: 5-16 ng/mL), while urine AMH levels averaged 5.67 ± 0.91 ng/mL (range: 0.2-13 ng/mL). While urinary AMH level was <1 ng/mL in 7 cats, urinary AMH was >1 ng/mL in all remaining cats. While the study demonstrated AMH excretion in urine, no correlation was found between blood and urine AMH values. However, a significant positive correlation was observed between blood AMH levels and serum estrogen levels (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that urinary AMH may be a product of proteolytic degradation, potentially leading to inaccurate estimations of ovarian activity based solely on urine AMH levels.

The relationship between microRNAs and bladder cancer: are microRNAs useful to predict bladder cancer in suspicious patients?

PURPOSE: Recent studies indicate that circulating micro RNAs (miRNAs) are novel class of non-invasive biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic information. We evaluated the miRNA expressions in bladder cancer (BC) and their associations with disease diagnosis. METHODS: We profiled the expressions of 379 miRNAs in the plasma samples from patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) (n = 34) and non-malignant urological diseases as a control group (n = 32). Patients were evaluated regarding with age, miRNA expressions, by using descriptive statistics. miRNA expression in extracted RNA was quantified using the NanoString nCounter Digital Analyzer. RESULTS: The analysis of plasma miRNA levels in the marker identification cohort indicated that plasma (miR-1260a, let-7a-3p miR-196b-5p, miR-196a-5p, miR-99a-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-4301, miR-28-3p, miR-4538, miR-1233-3p, miR-4732-5p, miR-1913, miR-1280) levels were increased in NMIBC patients compared to control subjects. There were no significant differences other parameters studied between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of serum plasma miRNA (miR-1260a, let-7a-3p miR-196b-5p, miR-196a-5p, miR-99a-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-4301, miR-28-3p, miR-4538, miR-1233-3p, miR-4732-5p, miR-1913, miR-1280) levels could be useful plasma biomarkers for BC.