Nutrition education has significant impact on perceived barriers to healthy diet among adults with and without COVID-19 history.

Healthy diet is an important tool to lower the risk and severity of COVID-19 infection. Low diet quality is usually caused by perceived barriers that stop people to do certain behavior. Perceived barriers can be overcome by implementing proper method such as conducting nutrition education. This study aimed to analyze the impact of nutrition education on perceived barrier to healthy diet among adults with and without covid-19 history in Padang, Indonesia. This study was a pre-experimental study using pre and post-design. This study was conducted on 70 adults with or without COVID-19 infection history, residing in Padang, Indonesia. The intervention was given in the form of nutrition education. Difference test was conducted to assess the impact of nutrition education on respondents' nutrition knowledge and perceived barriers. The majority of the respondents both with and without COVID-19 history (71.4 and 80%) had medium level of nutritional knowledge before the intervention. After the intervention, there was a significant (P<0.05) improvement on respondents' nutritional knowledge for both groups (100%). The result also showed 40% of the respondents with COVID-19 history had medium level of perceived barriers, while 28.6% respondents without COVID-19 history (65.7%) had medium level of perceived barriers before the intervention. A significant improvement (P<0.05) also showed on respondents' perceived barriers after the intervention. On both groups more 90% of the respondents only had low level of perceived barriers. The result shows that nutrition education has significant impact both on respondents' nutritional knowledge and perceived barriers.

Dissecting Supplement and Nutrients Intake of Adults with and without COVID-19 History through the Lens of Health Belief Model.

Over the past two years, the world has faced the pandemic, COVID-19, and various changes. Several regulations and recommendations from the Ministry of Health of Indonesia have contributed to behavioral changes among Indonesian residents, especially in food consumption patterns. The change in food consumption patterns can be a positive change that formed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine whether the application of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based nutrition education programme can be effectively used in changing the beliefs of adults with or without a COVID-19 history in supplement and nutrient intake. This study was a cross-sectional study involving 140 adults. This study placed 70 adults with/without a COVID-19 history into the intervention group. The intervention group participated in a nutrition education programme. The respondents were asked to fill out the questionnaire. The data were analyzed by independent and paired t-tests and Chi-square test. The result of this study showed no association between perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, barrier, and self-efficacy, of nutrient and supplement intake with the history of COVID-19 among the respondents. However, most of the respondents in this study were low in their scores of perceivedness. Thus, it is still important for the government to increase nutrient and supplement intake education, especially in young adults aged below 25 years old.