[Epidemiological and clinical aspects of atrial fibrillation at the cardiology department of kati university hospital]. / Aspects epidemiologique et clinique de la fibrillation auriculaire au service de cardiologie du chu de kati.

Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent permanent rhythm disorder.Theaim of this work was to determine the epidemiological and clinical aspects of atrial fibrillation cases hospitalized in the cardiology department of the University Hospital of Kati. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out a descriptive retrospective study, from January 2018 to December 2019.Patients of all ages and both sexes with clinical and EKG atrial fibrillation admitted to the department during the study period were included in the study.The variables studiedwere: socio-demographic characteristics, clinical signs, classification of atrial fibrillation, and comorbidities associated. RESULTS: A total of 52 patients were included in the studyof 203 cases hospitalized in the department, with a hospital prevalence of 25.61%, the female sex was predominant 69.23%. The main reason for consultation was heart failure syndrome (46.15%).Arterial hypertension (55.76%) was the mostassociatedcomorbidity. Permanent atrial fibrillation accounted for 63.46% of cases . CONCLUSION: Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent arrhythmia in our environment, preventive measures must be put in place for early detection and better management of comorbiditiesassociatedwith atrial fibrillation.

La fibrillation auriculaire est le trouble du rythme le plus fréquent. Le but de ce travail était de déterminer les aspects épidémiologiques et cliniques de la fibrillation atriale dans le service de cardiologie du CHU de Kati. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective descriptive menée de janvier 2018 à décembre 2019. Ont été inclus dans cette étude les patients de tout âge et des deux sexes ayant présenté une fibrillation atriale sur des critères cliniques et électrocardiographiques, admis dans le service pendant la période d'étude. Les variables étudiées étaient : les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, les signes cliniques et électriques, et les comorbidités associées. RÉSULTATS: Au total 52 patients ont été inclus dans l'étude sur 203 cas hospitalisés dans le service soit une prévalence hospitalière de 25,61%, le sexe féminin a été prédominant 69,23%. Le principal motif de consultation était le syndrome d'insuffisance cardiaque (46,15%). L'hypertension artérielle (55,76%) a été la comorbidité la plus associée. La fibrillation atriale permanente représentait 63,46% des cas. CONCLUSION: La fibrillation atriale est l'arythmie la plus fréquente dans notre milieu, des mesures préventives doivent être mise en place pour une détection précoce et une meilleure prise en charge des comorbidités associées.

[Clinical and paraclinical profile of heart transplanted patients at the Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery service of the Pitié Salpétrière Hospital in 2009]. / Profil clinique et paraclinique des patients transplantes cardiaques dans le service de chirurgie thoracique et cardiovasculaire du groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere (GHPS) en 2009.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical and paraclinical profile of heart transplanted patients in 2009 in the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (TCVS) of the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (PS). METHOD: It was a retrospective and descriptive study on heart transplantation patients between January 1 and December 31, 2009 in the TCVS of PS. Data collection was conducted from medical records, medical correspondence and pre-transplant assessment data and relevant laboratory tests, ultrasound, angiographic and operative reports. The collected data were entered and analyzed by Excel and analyzed by SPSS 12. RESULTS: The sample size was 63 patients or 50.6% of patients awaiting heart transplantation. The mean age of patients was 47.66 ± 12.79 years, sex ratio Male:Female 2.70. The circumstances of transplantation were: super-emergency (37%), non-emergency (63%) and in 1/3 of redux surgery. All patients were symptomatic (average VO2 max of 12.76 ± 3.20 ml/kg/min), with 85.7% having a left ventricular ejection fraction <30% and 100% diastolic dysfunction. The primary dilated cardiomyopathy was the main causal disease with 38.1% of cases. CONCLUSION: Heart transplantation as a last resort is practiced more and more with improved results and highlights dilated cardiomyopathy as the main cause. The clinical and paraclinical profile has not changed much over the last 5 years.

BUT: Déterminer le profil clinique et paraclinique des patients transplantés en 2009 Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire (SCTCV) du Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière.( GHPS). MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES: L'étude était rétrospective descriptive sur les patients transplantés cardiaques entre le 1er janvier et le 31 décembre 2009 dans le SCTCV du GHPS.La collecte des données a été réalisée à partir des dossiers médicaux, des courriers médicaux et des données du bilan pré-greffe et a concerné les examens biologiques, échographiques, coronarographique et les comptes rendus opératoires. Les données recueillies ont été saisies et analysées par le logiciel Excel et analysées par SPSS 12. RÉSULTATS: La taille de l'échantillon était de 63 patients soit 50,6 % des patients en attente de transplantation. L'âge moyen des patients était de 47,66 ± 12,79 ans, le sex-ratio H: F de 2,70. Les circonstances de la transplantation étaient: en super-urgence (37%), hors-urgence (63%) et redux dans 1/3 des cas. Tous les patients étaient symptomatiques (VO2 max moyenne de 12,76 ±3,20 ml/Kg/min), 85,7% avec avaient une FE < 30% et 100% une dysfonction diastolique. La cardiomyopathie dilatée primitive représentait la principale pathologie causale avec 38.1% des cas. CONCLUSION: La transplantation cardiaque en tant qu'ultime recours se pratique de plus en plus avec une amélioration des résultats et fait ressortir les cardiomyopathies dilatées comme principale cause. Le profil clinique et paraclinique n'a pas beaucoup évolué par rapport aux 5 dernières années.

[A descriptive study of ventricular septal defect (VSD) in the Luxembourg mother-child Hospital in Bamako]. / Etude descriptive de la CIV au centre hospitalier mere-enfant le Luxembourg.

OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to determine the incidence, epidemiological, clinical, echocardiographic aspects, and treatment of ventricular septal defect (VSD) in the Luxembourg mother-child Hospital in Bamako. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 1, 2011 and May 31, 2012. It focused on children of both sexes seen in consultation or for echocardiography, in whom VSD was found through echocardiography. Were not included in the study VSD in complex malformations such as CAV, T4F, VU. RESULTS: VSD was the first congenital heart disease noted with 39.4%. It was detected mainly in the first 2 years of life (66.7% of cases). The boy:girl sex ratio was 0.93. The perimembranous defect type and the VSD group II were dominant with respectively 76.8% and 57.4% of cases (IIa: 38.9%; IIb: 18.5%). A surgical indication was raised in 59.3% of cases based on clinical presentation and ultrasound data. Management was primarily medical, the high cost of surgical through evacuation is beyond the financial means of our patients most of the time. CONCLUSION: VSD is the most common congenital heart disease, but its management is currently almost exclusively medical.

OBJECTIF: Ce travail a eu pour but de déterminer la fréquence, les aspects épidémio-cliniques, échographiques, et thérapeutiques des communications interventriculaires (CIV) au centre hospitalier mère -enfant le Luxembourg de Bamako. MÉTHODE: L'étude était descriptive transversale menée entre le 1er septembre 2011 et le 31 mai 2012. Elle a porté sur les enfants des deux sexes reçus en consultation ou pour échographie cardiaque, chez qui une CIV a été retrouvée à l'échographie doppler cardiaque. N'ont pas été inclus la CIV dans le cadre de malformations complexes telles que canal atrio-ventriculaire, la tétralogie de Fallot ou le ventricule unique. RÉSULTATS: La CIV représentait la première malformation cardiaque avec 39.4 %. La pathologie a été découverte dans 66,7% des cas les deux premières années. Le sex ratio Garcons :Filles était de 0.93. La topographie périmembraneuse et la CIV du groupe II étaient dominantes avec respectivement 76.8 et 57.4 % des cas (IIa 38.9 % IIb 18.5 % ). Une indication opératoire a été posée dans 59.3 % des cas au vu de la présentation clinique et des données échographiques. La prise en charge était essentiellement médicale, le coût élevé de l'évacuation sanitaire étant hors de portée de nos populations le plus souvent. CONCLUSION: La CIV est la plus fréquente des cardiopathies congénitales, mais sa prise en charge pour le moment est presqu'exclusivement médicale.

[Plasma selenium and peripartum cardiomyopathy in Bamako, Mali]. / Sélénium plasmatique et cardiomyopathie péripartum a Bamako (Mali).

Peripartum heart failure due to unexplained dilated cardiomyopathy is a common disorder as Savannak-Sahelian Africa. One of the many suspected risk factors identified is selenium deficiency. The purpose of this study was to measure plasma selenium levels in patients with peripartum heart failure due to cardiomyopathy in Bamako, Republic of Mali and compare data with healthy Sahalian women with the same obstetrical status. Plasma selenium was measured in a patient group consisting of 28 Malian women presenting peripartum heart failure and in a control group of 28 healthy breast-feeding Nigerien women of comparable age. The criteria for matching the two groups was parity (similar number of deliveries) since multiparity is a risk factor for peripartum cardiomyopathy. The Wilcoxon test (nonparametric) was used to compare the 2 groups considering up value < 0.05 as significant. Plasma selenium was significantly lower in patients from Mali than in controls from Niger (65 +/- 17 ng/ml vs. 78 +/- 17 ng/ml, p = 0.01). The results of this study showing lower plasma selenium in Bamako patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy than in a matching healthy control population confirms the previous data from the Niamey study.

[Small bowel obstruction and adhesions in general surgery at Gabriel Toure University Hospital]. / Occlusions Du Grele Sur Brides Et Adherences En Chirurgie Generale CHU Gabriel Toure.

UNLABELLED: The objectives were to determine the frequency, to describe the clinical, therapeutic aspects and to evaluate the cost of the assumption of responsibility of occlusions by supports and or adherences. It was about a retrospective study carried out in the department of surgery general of the CHU Hôpital Gabriel TOURE from January 1st, 2002 to December 2008. Were included in this study all the patients operated for occlusion of hail on Brides and Adherence confirmed in per operational. We colligé 659 acute obstructions of the bowels whose 100 occlusions of hail on supports and adherences is a frequency of 17,8%. They were 55 men (55%) and 45 women (45%). The sex-ratio was of 1,2. The average age was 39,7 years with the extremes varying between 15ans and 80 years. Eighty eight of our patients had surgical antecedents including 14 (16%) of surgery known méso colic and 74 (84%) of surgery under méso colic. Twelve patients had antecedents of contusion and untreated abdominal infections. Among the signs of the occlusive syndrome, the abdominal pain was found at all the malades100 (100%), the vomiting (98), the stop of the matters (88) and the gases (80). The ASP was carried out at 98 of our patients and 74 (75,5%) presented radiological images in favor of the occlusion of hail. The leading cause of occlusion was the supports (67), the supports and adherences (18) and adherences (15). The small intestine was hyperhémié chez14 patient, was necrosed among 16 patients and normal in the 70 cases. The surgical treatment consisted with a section of the support among 60 patients Adhésiolyse among 15 patients, a Adhésiolyse section among 10 patients, a résection Iléostomie among 10 patients and a résection - immediate anastomosis among 5 patients. The rate of morbidity was of 28%, it related to the infection of the operational site 18cas, the digestive dent 6cas and the eventration 4cas. Mortality was of 8%. Intermediate duration of hospitalization 14,8 days. The average costs of the assumption of responsibility were of 156.900 francs CFA. CONCLUSION: Mortality and postoperative morbidity are not negligible. Gravity of this pathology underlines the interest of it's fast assumption.

[Major cardiovascular risk factors according to gender in the hospital environment]. / Facteurs de Risque Cardiovasculaire Majeurs Selon le Sexe en Milieu Hospitalier.

AIM: The study aims to describe cardiovascular risk factor according to gender in hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Il was a prospective study from april 2007 to march 2008 including 146 highblood pressure patients from 2 medical centre in Bamako. Gathering and analysis were performed with SPSS 11. RESULTS: 67% were female, the mean age reached 48,82. the BMI was significantly higher in female (P <0,001). Female were mainly registered between 30 and 44 years, and male between 45-59 years. Overweight and obesity were more represented in female and obesity in 30-44 years old patients. Isolated highblood pressure was found in 58,90%, 7,53% of patients had the 3 major cardiovascular risk factor CONCLUSION: Isolated highblood pressure was by far the most frequent. Although the cardiovascular risk rises with the others associations, they were rare and don't significantly differ in each gender. The tendency to overweight and obesity in female should be confirmed by others studies.

[Risk factors for ischemic heart disease: a review of 162 cases in Bamako]. / Cardiopathies ischemiques en cardiologie a Bamako (a propos de 162 cas).

The determination of risk factors a low to prevent or to delay the apparition of certain diseases. Our study put out in Cardiology A of Hôpital du Point G. gold to determine the main risk factors of ischemic heart diseases between 162 patients. It appears that all classical risk factors (HBP, Diabetes, obesity, tobacco use, sedentary, menopause, contraceptives, dyslipidemia) were found among patients. It appears particularly that avoidable risk factors such tobacco use among young men, sedentary and obesity play important role in the beginning. So it is possible to deploy an efficient prevention politic.