Oral lesions in HIV+/AIDS adolescents perinatally infected undergoing HAART.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of the oral lesions related to HIV-infection (HIV-OL) in HIV+/AIDS adolescents (=13 years old), and the differences with HIV+/AIDS children (=3 - <13 years old) perinatally infected. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 25 HIV+/AIDS adolescents and 62 HIV+/AIDS children, undergoing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, were orally examined. HIV-OL was diagnosed in accordance with EC-Clearinghouse-World Health Organization. The patients were classifies with respect to their immune status in relation with the CD4+ cell counts as moderately immunodeficient; mildly immunodeficient and severely immunodeficient in accordance to the revised surveillance case definitions for HIV infection among adults, adolescents, and children aged <18 months and for HIV infection and AIDS among children aged 18 months to <13 years (CDC-USA). The virological status was established in relation to the copies of RNA-HIV-1/mL as follows: with undetectable viral load (UDVL); with low viral load and with high viral load. A chi-square test was performed (p<0.05 IC95%). RESULTS: The prevalence of HIV-OL in HIV+/AIDS adolescents was 20% while in HIV/AIDS children was 30.6% (p>0.05). Oral candidiasis was the most prevalent oral lesion in both groups. Association (p<0.05) of a high prevalence of HIV-OL and oral candidiasis with a high viral load was observed in both study groups. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents perinatally HIV-infected have a high prevalence of HIV-OL. Oral Candidiasis still is the most frequent oral opportunistic infection. Oral lesions could have association to viral failure in HIV+/AIDS adolescents undergoing HAART.

Pacientes pediátricos con VIH/sida en Baja California, México: alteraciones bucales relacionadas / Pediatric patients with HIV/AIDS in Baja California, Mexico: oral disorders related

Antecedentes: Baja California, México, ocupa el cuarto lugar nacional en casos reportados de VIH/sida. Por ser los pacientes pediátricos la población más vulnerable, el odontólogo debe diagnosticarlos y canalizarlos oportunamente para una adecuada atención. Objetivo: describir las alteraciones dentales y de mucosa oral asociadas más frecuentes en pacientespediátricos con diagnóstico de VIH/sida en Baja California. Metodología: se realizó un estudioclínico de corte transversal a pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados antes de los 12 años de edad, registrados en los Departamentos de Epidemiología del estado hasta agosto del 2006. Se aplicó un cuestionario para registrar variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes heredofamiliares, patológicos, concentraciones de CD4 y cargas virales. Posteriormente, demanera calibrada y siguiendo los índices establecidos por la OMS, se realizó exploración intraoral y de estructuras extraorales. Cuando se identificó la presencia de manifestaciones orales asociadas al VIH/sida, se realizaron frotis. Resultados: se revisaron 46 pacientes VIH positivos, con edad media de 6,4 ± 4,4 años, 57% de sexo masculino, 50% en categoríaclínica sintomática ligera y 67% sin supresión, 50% tenía antecedentes de hospitalizaciones por enfermedades como tuberculosis y neumonía, 63% presentaba caries y 44% lesionesen la mucosa oral, siendo la candidosis oral la de mayor frecuencia. El índice CPO-d fue de 5,2 ± 4,9. Conclusiones: este estudio describe lesiones orales en una población infantil condiagnóstico de VIH/sida en Baja California. Ya que no existen estudios previos, el valor del trabajo radica en que aporta información para el desarrollo de programas odontológicos y provee una base de comparación para futuros trabajos...

Background: Baja California, Mexico, ranks fourth nationally in reported cases of HIV/AIDS. Since paediatric patients are the most vulnerable population, the dentist must do awell-timed diagnosis and channel them for adequate care. Objective: To describe the most frequent dental and oral mucosa alterations associated with HIV/AIDS in diagnosed pediatricpatients from Baja California. Methods: A cross-sectional clinical study was carried out with pediatric patients diagnosed with HIV/AID before age 12, who were registered atEpidemiology Departments of the state until August 2006. A questionnaire including sociodemographic variables, family history, pathology, CD4 and viral load levels was applied. Later, calibrated observers registering the indicators determined by the WHO performed intraoral and extraoral examination. When an oral alteration associated with HIV/AIDS was identified, tissues smears were obtained. Results: 46 HIV positive patients with a mean of 6.4 ± 4.4 years of age were examined. 57% were male, 50% were in light symptomatic clinical category and 67% did not have suppression, 50% reported a history of hospitalizations for diseases such as Tuberculosis and Pneumonia, 63% had caries and 44% oral mucosal lesions, of which oral candidiasis was the most frequent. The DMF-T index was 5.2 ± 4.9. Conclusion: The population studied presented lesions associated with HIV/AIDS; they may be markers of immune status in which they are, so that immediate oral care, supervision and monitoring must accompany immunosuppression therapy...

Oral lesions in HIV+/AIDS adolescents perinatally infected undergoing HAART

Objective: To assess the prevalence of the oral lesions related to HIV-infection (HIV-OL) in HIV+/AIDS adolescents(=13 years old), and the differences with HIV+/AIDS children (=3 - <13 years old) perinatally infected.Material and methods: 25 HIV+/AIDS adolescents and 62 HIV+/AIDS children, undergoing Highly Active AntiretroviralTherapy, were orally examined. HIV-OL was diagnosed in accordance with EC-Clearinghouse-World Health Organization. The patients were classified with respect to their immune status in relation with the CD4+cell counts as moderately immunodeficient; mildly immunodeficient and severely immunodeficient in accordance to the revised surveillance case definitions for HIV infection among adults, adolescents, and children aged <18months and for HIV infection and AIDS among children aged 18 months to <13 years (CDC-USA). The virological status was established in relation to the copies of RNA-HIV-1/mL as follows: with undetectable viral load(UDVL); with low viral load and with high viral load. A chi-square test was performed (p<0.05IC95%).Results: The prevalence of HIV-OL in HIV+/AIDS adolescents was 20% while in HIV/AIDS children was 30.6%(p>0.05). Oral candidiasis was the most prevalent oral lesion in both groups. Association (p <0.05) of a high prevalence of HIV-OL and oral candidiasis with a high viral load was observed in both study groups.Conclusions: Adolescents perinatally HIV-infected have a high prevalence of HIV-OL. Oral candidiasis still is the most frequent oral opportunistic infection. Oral lesions could have association to viral failure in HIV+/AIDS adolescents undergoing HAART (AU)