Characteristics of Urinary Tract Infections and the Use of Cranberry Products in Patients With Urinary Diversions: A Narrative Review.

PURPOSE: The aim of this narrative literature review was to summarize evidence regarding bacteriuria and urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients living with a urinary diversion and the use of cranberry products for the prevention of these infections. METHODS: We searched for articles in the English language and available in full text to address the role of cranberry products in the management of UTIs in those with urinary diversions. We searched the electronic databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials between January 2003 and December 2023. Thirty-two elements were read in full and 9 elements that evaluated UTIs and/or the role of cranberries in preventing UTIs are included in this narrative review. RESULTS: Research indicates no significant difference in UTI rates, microbiology, or antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns between the different types of urinary diversions (orthoptic diversions, ileal conduit diversions, and continent cutaneous diversions). Similar to persons with an intact urinary tract, Escherichia coli (a prevalent coliform bacteria) was the most prevalent pathogen resulting in symptomatic UTIs. In addition, we found that E. coli strains persisted in urinary diversions involving reconstructed intestinal segments for prolonged periods of time despite antibiotic treatment. We found sparse evidence suggesting that cranberry products are effective for the prevention of UTIs after ileal conduit urinary diversion. CONCLUSIONS: There are inconsistencies in the definition of bacteriuria in the literature making it difficult to compare findings among the studies. Clinical guidance discussing the optimal method for obtaining a urine specimen from a urinary diversion and its management is limited. Research studies on the use of cranberry products to treat UTIs in persons living with a urinary diversion are urgently needed.

2024 Guideline for Management of Wounds in Patients With Lower Extremity Arterial Disease: An Executive Summary.

This article is an executive summary of the Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nurses Society's (WOCN) 2024 Guideline for Management of Wounds in Patients With Lower Extremity Arterial Disease. It is part of the Society's Clinical Practice Guideline Series. This article presents an overview of the systematic process used to update and develop the guideline. It also lists specific recommendations from the guideline for screening and diagnosis, assessment, management, and education of patients with wounds due to lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). Suggestions for implementing recommendations from the guideline are also summarized. The guideline is a resource for WOC nurse specialists, other nurses, and health care professionals who work with adults who have/or are at risk of wounds due to LEAD. The complete guideline includes the evidence and references supporting the recommendations, and it is available from the WOCN Society's Bookstore (www.wocn.org). Refer to the Supplemental Digital Content Appendix (available at: http://links.lww.com/JWOCN/A123) associated with this article for a complete reference list for the guideline.

2021 Guideline for Management of Patients With Lower-Extremity Wounds Due to Diabetes Mellitus and/or Neuropathic Disease: An Executive Summary.

This article provides an executive summary of the Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nurses Society's (WOCN) "2021 Guideline for Management of Patients With Lower-Extremity wounds Due to Diabetes Mellitus and/or Neuropathic Disease." This executive summary presents an overview of the systematic process used to update and develop the guideline and recommendations from the guideline for screening and diagnosis, assessment, and management and education of patients with lower-extremity wounds due to diabetes mellitus and/or neuropathic disease. In addition, the executive summary provides suggestions for implementing recommendations from the guideline. The guideline is a resource for WOC nurse specialists and other nurses and health care professionals who work with adults who have/or are at risk for lower-extremity wounds due to diabetes mellitus/neuropathic disease. The complete guideline includes the evidence and references supporting the recommendations, and it is available in print and electronically from the Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nurses Society, 1120 Rt 73, Suite 200, Mount Laurel, New Jersey, 08054; Web site: www.wocn.org.

2019 Guideline for Management of Wounds in Patients With Lower-Extremity Venous Disease (LEVD): An Executive Summary.

This article provides an executive summary of the 2019 Guideline for Management of Wounds in Patients with Lower-Extremity Venous Disease (LEVD) published by the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN). The executive summary presents an overview of the systematic process used to update and develop the guideline. It also lists the specific recommendations from the guideline for assessment, prevention, and management of LEVD and venous leg ulcers (VLUs). In addition, the guideline includes a new section regarding implementation of clinical practice guidelines. The LEVD guideline is a resource for WOC nurse specialists and other nurses, physicians, therapists, and health care professionals who work with adults who have or who are at risk for VLU.

2014 Guideline for Management of Wounds in Patients With Lower-Extremity Arterial Disease (LEAD): An Executive Summary.

The purpose of this article is to provide a summary of the recommendations from the 2014 Guideline for Management of Wounds in Patients With Lower-Extremity Arterial Disease (LEAD), published by the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN). This article provides an overview of the process used to update and develop the guideline, and specific recommendations from the guideline for assessment, referral for further evaluation, interventions (ie, debridement, dressings, infection, antibiotics, nutrition, pain management, compression issues, medications, surgical options, and adjunctive therapies), and patient education and risk-reduction strategies. The LEAD guideline is a resource for physicians, nurses, therapists, and other healthcare professionals who work with adults who have/or are at risk for wounds due to LEAD. The full text of the published guideline, which includes the available evidence supporting the recommendations and a complete reference list, is available from the WOCN Society, 1120 Rt. 73, Suite 200, Mount Laurel, NJ, 08054; Web site: www.wocn.org. Refer to the Supplemental Digital Content (Supplement Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JWOCN/A31) associated with this article for the complete reference list for the guideline. The guideline has been accepted for publication by the National Guideline Clearinghouse (www.guideline.gov/).

A case report on the use of sustained release platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of chronic pressure ulcers.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Chronic pressure ulcers affect patient health, emotional state, and quality of life, causing considerable morbidity and mortality in addition to contributing to significant health care costs from lengthy hospitalizations to advanced home care and surgical care costs. The conventional treatment of these wounds can be slow due to their chronic inflammatory state and the senescence of local reparative cells. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has been growing as a viable treatment alternative for a number of clinical applications and has potential benefit for use in chronic wounds. The sustained release of large quantities of autologous growth factors, cytokines, and other mediators found in PRP plus the favorable mononuclear cell profile of PRP may help us to stimulate wound healing and resolve chronic inflammation. METHODS: Three veterans with spinal cord injury (SCI), presenting with chronic stage IV pressure ulcers, were treated with a sustained release PRP therapy to stimulate wound healing. RESULTS: PRP treatment consistently resulted in the formation of granulation tissue and improved vascularity for each of the three patients treated, while reducing the overall ulcer area and volume. CONCLUSION: The controlled release of growth factors from PRP demonstrated a positive stimulatory effect on the healing rate of chronic pressure ulcers in individuals with SCI.