RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Stent implantation is the preferred treatment in older children and adults with aortic coarctation (CoA). We aimed to determine the incidence of very late events after CoA stenting. METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of CoA patients who underwent stent implantation at our center between 1993 and 2018. Patients were periodically followed up in outpatient clinics, including computed tomography (CT) and fluoroscopy assessment. RESULTS: A total of 167 patients with CT and fluoroscopy data were included: 83 (49.7%) were aged ≤ 12 years and 46 (28%) were female. The mean clinical follow-up time was 17±8 (range 4-30) years and the mean time to CT/fluoroscopy was 11±7 years. Aortic aneurysm was present in 13% and was associated with the PALMAZ stent (OR, 3.09; 95%CI, 1.11-9.49; P=.036) and the stented length (OR, 0.94; 95%CI, 0.89-0.99; P=.039). Stent fracture was frequent (34%), but was not related to the presence of aneurysm. Stent fracture was associated with young age (OR, 3.57; 95%CI, 1.54-8.33; P=.003), male sex (OR, 4.00; 95%CI, 1.51-12.5, P=.008) and inversely with the PALMAZ stent (OR, 0.29; 95%CI, 0.12-0.67, P=.005). Reintervention was lower in adults (10%), mainly related to aneurysms. Those treated when aged ≤ 12 years had higher reintervention rates (43%) due to recoarctation somatic growth. CONCLUSIONS: This long-term follow-up study of CoA patients treated with stenting revealed a significant incidence of late events. Reintervention rates were higher in patients treated at younger ages. Periodic imaging surveillance appears to be advisable.
Asunto(s)
Coartación Aórtica , Adulto , Niño , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Coartación Aórtica/diagnóstico , Coartación Aórtica/epidemiología , Coartación Aórtica/cirugía , Resultado del Tratamiento , Aortografía/métodos , Factores de Tiempo , Stents , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
AIMS: To compare the measurements of the aortic annulus obtained with various imaging techniques in patients with severe aortic stenosis scheduled for transcatheter aortic valve implantation, and to determine the grade of agreement between the predicted size of the prosthesis for each technique, and the size of the finally implanted valve. METHODS AND RESULTS: The aortic annulus was measured in 40 patients treated by transcatheter aortic valve implantation (CoreValve aortic valve) with transthoracic (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), 64-slice tomography, and angiography. A large valve was implanted when annulus was >23 mm and a small one if it was ≤23 mm. If the size of the prosthesis predicted by several techniques was not the same in one case, we selected the size in which more techniques presented agreement. Forty aortic valves, 26 small and 14 large, were implanted percutaneously. The best correlation was obtained with TTE and TEE (r = 0.93, P < 0.001). The correlation of TTE and TEE with angiography also was good (r = 0.58, P < 0.001 and r = 0.53, P < 0.001, respectively). Correlations between these techniques and computed tomography were poor (P = NS for all comparisons). The best agreement between estimated aortic annulus and implanted valve size was obtained with transtoracic and TEE (κ= 0.88 and 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: The aortic annulus measurements obtained by TTE, TEE, and angiography correlated well, while tomography correlated poorly with other techniques. The imaging techniques that showed the best agreement between estimated aortic annulus size and implanted aortic valve size were TTE and TEE.
Asunto(s)
Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/métodos , Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Angiografía Coronaria/métodos , Ecocardiografía/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Diseño de Prótesis , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Coronary restenosis after bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation is infrequent and little information is available on the main characteristics of these lesions. The aim of this study was to assess restenotic lesions by using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: We studied 330 patients with coronary artery disease who received 398 BVS to treat 380 lesions. These patients were clinically and angiographically evaluated at follow-up and OCT was carried out on detection of restenosis. RESULTS: After a follow-up of 19 ± 10 months, 18 restenotic lesions were detected in 17 patients (5.4%). Depending on the time of presentation, most cases of restenosis were late or very late (9 ± 4 months). The most frequent angiographic pattern was focal restenosis in 12 (67%) patients, which was mainly located at the proximal border in 9 (75%) whether involving the scaffold or not. The homogeneous pattern was infrequent, occurring in 3 (25%) lesions and was only visualized in 3 out of 6 cases of restenosis located at the margin. When the focal restenosis was located in the platform, OCT showed a heterogeneous or layered pattern. Finally, diffuse restenosis was observed in 6 patients (33%). In diffuse restenosis, OCT revealed a lipid-laden or layered tissue structure and the presence of microvessels or microcalcification, potentially suggesting a neoatherosclerotic process. CONCLUSIONS: After a mean follow-up of 19 months, the restenosis rate was 5.4%. Most restenotic lesions were focal, located at the proximal border. Diffuse restenosis mostly occurred late or very late and most showed signs suggestive of neoatherosclerosis.
Asunto(s)
Reestenosis Coronaria/diagnóstico , Vasos Coronarios/diagnóstico por imagen , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos/efectos adversos , Everolimus/farmacología , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Andamios del Tejido/efectos adversos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Angiografía Coronaria/métodos , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/farmacología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
AIMS: The behaviour of side branches (SBs) covered by a bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) is not well known. This study analysed the rate of side branch occlusion (SBO) immediately after BVS implantation, its clinical impact, predictors of SBO and the fate of such SBs at follow-up. METHODS AND RESULTS: We assessed 140 patients with 346 jeopardised SBs divided into three groups: small (<1 mm, n=181), intermediate (1-2 mm, n=102) and large (>2 mm, n=63). SBO was defined as a TIMI flow 0 or 1. Computed tomography was scheduled at six months for patients with jailed SBs >1 mm. Immediate occlusion occurred in 31 (9%) SBs: 22 (12%) small, 8 (8%) intermediate and one (1.6%) large, while post-procedural SBO was 5.5%. In-hospital events included one thrombosis (0.7%) and eight non-Q-wave myocardial infarctions (6%). After 17±3 months, one patient died (0.7%) and six patients needed repeat revascularisation (4%). Re-evaluation showed no late SBO at 7±3 months. Predictors of SBO were: small SBs (OR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.08-4.63; p<0.05) and stenosis >50% at the origin (OR 17.22, 95% CI: 7.79-38.10; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of SBO and its clinical impact were low when SBs >1 mm were covered. These favourable results were maintained at midterm.
Asunto(s)
Implantes Absorbibles , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos , Everolimus/uso terapéutico , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico por imagen , Anciano , Angioplastia Coronaria con Balón/métodos , Angiografía Coronaria/métodos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation in chronic total occlusion (CTO) could provide theoretical advantages at follow-up compared with metallic stents. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of BVS use for the percutaneous treatment of CTO by analyzing clinical outcomes and patency at midterm follow-up. From February 2013 to June 2014, 42 patients with 46 CTOs were treated by BVS implantation. Once the guidewire reached the distal lumen, all the occluded segments were predilated. Postdilation was performed in all patients. A multislice computed tomography was scheduled for all patients at 6 months. The mean age was 58 ± 9 years, 41 (98%) were men and 14 (33%) diabetic. The target vessel was predominantly the left anterior descending artery (22, 48%). According to the Japanese-CTO score, 21 CTOs (46%) were difficult or very difficult. Most cases were treated with an anterograde strategy (34 lesions, 74%). A hybrid procedure with a drug-eluting stent at the distal segment was the applied treatment in 7 CTOs (15%). The mean scaffold length was 43 ± 21 mm. Technical success was achieved in 45 lesions (98%), and 1 patient (2.4%) presented a non-Q periprocedural myocardial infarction. Re-evaluation was obtained in all patients at 6 ± 1 months. Two re-occlusions and a focal restenosis were identified. After 13 ± 5 months of follow-up, there were 2 repeat revascularizations (4.8%). Neither death nor myocardial infarction was documented. In conclusion, BVS for CTO seems to be an interesting strategy with a high rate of technical success and low rate of cardiac events at midterm follow-up in selected patients.
Asunto(s)
Implantes Absorbibles , Oclusión Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Oclusión Coronaria/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada Multidetector , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/métodos , Andamios del Tejido , Anciano , Enfermedad Crónica , Estudios de Factibilidad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Introducción y objetivos: El implante de stent es el tratamiento de elección en niños mayores y adultos con coartación aórtica (CoA). El objetivo fue determinar la incidencia de eventos tardíos después del tratamiento con stent. Métodos: Se analizó una cohorte de pacientes con CoA tratados en el centro entre 1993 y 2018 a los que se siguió periódicamente, incluyendo evaluación mediante tomografía computarizada (TC) y fluoroscopia. Resultados: Se incluyó a 167 pacientes con TC y fluoroscopia: 83 (49,7%) ≤ 12 años y 46 (28%) mujeres. El tiempo medio de seguimiento clínico fue de 17±8 años (rango 4-30) y de 11±7 años hasta la TC/fluoroscopia. Se detectó aneurisma en un 13% y se asoció al stent PALMAZ (OR=3,09; IC95%, 1,11-9,49; p=0,036) y a la longitud del stent (OR=0,94; IC95%, 0,89-0,99; p=0,039). La fractura del stent fue frecuente (34%) pero no asociada a la presencia de aneurisma. Se asoció con edad joven (OR=3,57; IC95%, 1,54-8,33; p=0,003), sexo masculino (OR=4,00; IC95%, 1,51-12,50; p=0,008) e inversamente con el stent PALMAZ (OR=0,29; IC95%, 0,12-0,67; p=0,005). La reintervención fue menor en adultos (10%), principalmente por aneurismas. Los pacientes que recibieron tratamiento cuando tenían 12 años o menos presentaron tasas de reintervención más altas (43%) debido al crecimiento somático. Conclusiones: Se observó una incidencia notable de eventos tardíos a largo plazo en pacientes con CoA tratados mediante stent. La reintervención fue más frecuente en pacientes tratados a edades más jóvenes. Parece aconsejable una vigilancia periódica mediante pruebas de imagen. (AU)
Introduction and objectives: Stent implantation is the preferred treatment in older children and adults with aortic coarctation (CoA). We aimed to determine the incidence of very late events after CoA stenting. Methods: We analyzed a cohort of CoA patients who underwent stent implantation at our center between 1993 and 2018. Patients were periodically followed up in outpatient clinics, including computed tomography (CT) and fluoroscopy assessment. Results: A total of 167 patients with CT and fluoroscopy data were included: 83 (49.7%) were aged ≤ 12 years and 46 (28%) were female. The mean clinical follow-up time was 17±8 (range 4-30) years and the mean time to CT/fluoroscopy was 11±7 years. Aortic aneurysm was present in 13% and was associated with the PALMAZ stent (OR, 3.09; 95%CI, 1.11-9.49; P=.036) and the stented length (OR, 0.94; 95%CI, 0.89-0.99; P=.039). Stent fracture was frequent (34%), but was not related to the presence of aneurysm. Stent fracture was associated with young age (OR, 3.57; 95%CI, 1.54-8.33; P=.003), male sex (OR, 4.00; 95%CI, 1.51-12.5, P=.008) and inversely with the PALMAZ stent (OR, 0.29; 95%CI, 0.12-0.67, P=.005). Reintervention was lower in adults (10%), mainly related to aneurysms. Those treated when aged ≤ 12 years had higher reintervention rates (43%) due to recoarctation somatic growth. Conclusions: This long-term follow-up study of CoA patients treated with stenting revealed a significant incidence of late events. Reintervention rates were higher in patients treated at younger ages. Periodic imaging surveillance appears to be advisable. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Coartación Aórtica , Cardiopatías Congénitas , Aneurisma , Stents , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , FluoroscopíaRESUMEN
Introducción y objetivos: La reestenosis coronaria tras implantar un armazón vascular bioabsorbible (AVB) es infrecuente. Hay poca información disponible sobre las principales características de este tipo de lesiones. El objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar las reestenosis del AVB mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT). Métodos: Se estudió a 330 pacientes que recibieron 398 AVB para tratar 380 lesiones. Se evaluó a estos pacientes clínica y angiográficamente y, tras detectarse la reestenosis, mediante OCT. Resultados: Tras un seguimiento de 19 ± 10 meses, se detectaron 18 casos de reestenosis en 17 pacientes (5,4%). La mayoría eran tardías o muy tardías (9 ± 4 meses). El patrón angiográfico más frecuente fue la reestenosis focal en 12 (67%) y principalmente localizada en el borde proximal en 9 (75%), afectando o no la plataforma. El patrón predominantemente homogéneo fue infrecuente en 3 (25%) y solo se visualizó en 3 de las 6 reestenosis situadas en el margen. La reestenosis focal localizada dentro del armazón presentó en la OCT un patrón heterogéneo o en capas. Finalmente se observó reestenosis difusa en 6 casos (33%), en los que se identificó un patrón rico en lípidos o un patrón en capas. Además, se identificaron microvasos y microcalcificaciones en algunos de ellos, lo que sugiere un proceso de neoateroesclerosis. Conclusiones: La tasa de reestenosis tras una media de seguimiento de 19 meses fue del 5,4%. La presentación angiográfica más frecuente fue focal, situada en el borde proximal. La reestenosis difusa ocurrió tardía o muy tardíamente y la mayoría de estos pacientes presentaban signos de neoateroesclerosis (AU)
Introduction and objectives: Coronary restenosis after bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation is infrequent and little information is available on the main characteristics of these lesions. The aim of this study was to assess restenotic lesions by using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: We studied 330 patients with coronary artery disease who received 398 BVS to treat 380 lesions. These patients were clinically and angiographically evaluated at follow-up and OCT was carried out on detection of restenosis. Results: After a follow-up of 19 ± 10 months, 18 restenotic lesions were detected in 17 patients (5.4%). Depending on the time of presentation, most cases of restenosis were late or very late (9 ± 4 months). The most frequent angiographic pattern was focal restenosis in 12 (67%) patients, which was mainly located at the proximal border in 9 (75%) whether involving the scaffold or not. The homogeneous pattern was infrequent, occurring in 3 (25%) lesions and was only visualized in 3 out of 6 cases of restenosis located at the margin. When the focal restenosis was located in the platform, OCT showed a heterogeneous or layered pattern. Finally, diffuse restenosis was observed in 6 patients (33%). In diffuse restenosis, OCT revealed a lipid-laden or layered tissue structure and the presence of microvessels or microcalcification, potentially suggesting a neoatherosclerotic process. Conclusions: After a mean follow-up of 19 months, the restenosis rate was 5.4%. Most restenotic lesions were focal, located at the proximal border. Diffuse restenosis mostly occurred late or very late and most showed signs suggestive of neoatherosclerosis (AU)