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1.
Epidemiol Infect ; 141(1): 189-94, 2013 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22717061

RESUMEN

The incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) have increased in Western countries. However, there are limited data regarding the epidemiology of CDI in Eastern countries. This nationwide study was conducted in 17 hospitals to determine temporal trends in CDI incidence (from 2004 to 2008) in South Korea. The total incidence of CDI in Korea was 1·7 cases/1000 adult admissions in 2004, and 2·7/1000 cases in 2008 (P = 0·028). When analysing the clinical features of 1367 CDI patients diagnosed in 2008, oral metronidazole was effective as a first-line treatment for CDI (61·9%). Relapse rate was 8·9% and complicated CDI was only observed in 3·6%. The incidence of CDI increased significantly in Korea from 2004 to 2008. Although the clinical features were milder than in Western countries, the increasing burden of CDI needs ongoing surveillance systems.


Asunto(s)
Clostridioides difficile/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Clostridium/epidemiología , Infecciones por Clostridium/patología , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Infección Hospitalaria/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Clostridium/tratamiento farmacológico , Infección Hospitalaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Hospitales , Humanos , Incidencia , Corea (Geográfico)/epidemiología , Masculino , Metronidazol/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto Joven
2.
Clin Exp Immunol ; 151(1): 182-9, 2008 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18005362

RESUMEN

Probiotics, defined as live or attenuated bacteria or bacterial products, confer a significant health benefit to the host. Recently, they have been shown to be useful in the treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease and infectious colitis. In this study, we investigated the effect of probiotics on the development of experimental colitis using Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) mutant (lps-/lps-) mice. TLR-4(lps-/lps-) and wild-type (WT) mice were given 2.5% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) in drinking water to induce colitis with or without Lactobacillus casei pretreatment. Clinical and histological activity of DSS-colitis was attenuated markedly both in TLR-4(lps-/lps-) and WT mice pretreated with L. casei. Interestingly, histological activity was less severe in TLR-4(lps-/lps-) mice than in WT mice. The levels of myeloperoxidase activity and interleukin (IL)-12p40 were attenuated in pretreated TLR-4(lps-/lps-) mice after DSS administration. By contrast, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and IL-10 mRNA and protein expressions were increased markedly in pretreated TLR-4(lps-/lps-) mice. The current results suggest that L. casei has a preventive effect in the development of acute DSS-induced colitis and its action depends largely upon TLR-4 status. L. casei modulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines and down-regulates neutrophilic infiltration in the case of incomplete TLR-4 complex signalling.


Asunto(s)
Colitis/prevención & control , Colon , Mucosa Intestinal/inmunología , Lacticaseibacillus casei , Probióticos , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismo , Animales , Biomarcadores/análisis , Colitis/inmunología , Colitis/microbiología , Sulfato de Dextran , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/métodos , Interleucina-10/análisis , Interleucina-10/genética , Subunidad p40 de la Interleucina-12/análisis , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Noqueados , Modelos Animales , Peroxidasa/análisis , ARN Mensajero/análisis , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa/métodos , Receptor Toll-Like 4/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/análisis , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/genética
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