RESUMEN
The changes in storage loss, water distribution status, gel characteristics, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs), total volatile basic nitrogen, and total plate count of cooked reduced-phosphate silver carp surimi batter during cold storage at 4 °C were investigated. The storage loss, content of free water, pH, hardness, TBARSs, total volatile basic nitrogen value, and total plate count of all cooked silver carp surimi batters significantly increased (p < 0.05) with an increase in cold storage time. Meanwhile, the content of immobilized water, whiteness, springiness, and cohesiveness significantly decreased (p < 0.05). At the same cold storage time, the sample of cooked reduced-phosphate silver carp surimi batter had lower water mobility, darker color, and better texture characteristics than the cooked silver carp surimi batter without potassium bicarbonate; however, the values of TBARSs, total volatile basic nitrogen, and total plate count were not significantly different (p > 0.05). This meant that there was no difference between potassium bicarbonate and sodium tripolyphosphate in antioxidant and antibacterial activity during the cold storage of silver carp surimi batter. To summarize, the use of potassium bicarbonate instead of sodium tripolyphosphate could produce cooked reduced-phosphate silver carp surimi batter with better water-holding capacity and gel characteristics during cold storage.
RESUMEN
In this study, the changes in emulsion stability, colour, textural properties, and protein secondary structure of reduced-fat pork batters (50% pork back-fat and 50% pre-emulsified sesame oil) treated under different pressures (0.1, 200 and 400 MPa) were investigated. The emulsion stability, cooking yield, L* value, texture properties, initial relaxation times of T2b, T21, and T22, and peak ratios of P21 in the samples treated under 200 and 400 MPa significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared with those at 0.1 MPa, but the a* and b* values, and the peak ratio of P22 significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The sample treated at 200 MPa exhibited the best emulsion stability, textural properties, water-holding capacity and sensory scores among the samples. High-pressure processing induced structural changes from α-helical to ß-sheet, ß-turn, and random coil structures, enhancing protein-water incorporation and lowering water mobility. High-pressure processing and pre-emulsified sesame oil improved the techno-functional properties and emulsion stability of reduced-fat pork batters.