A new species of Tityus (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from El Edén Cave, Colombia.

A new scorpion species, Tityus (Tityus) grottoedensis sp. nov., is herein described based on male and female specimens collected in El Edén Cave and its vicinities (Tolima department, Colombia). The new species, which becomes the first scorpion described from a Colombian cave, is probably a eutroglophile or subtroglophile element; however, additional studies are needed to determine the degree of association of the species to the cave. Among other features, the new species is characterized by having a relatively thin body, a yellow-to-chestnut coloration, sternites IV to VI with visible lateral longitudinal carinae, and the basal piece of the middle lamella of the pectines dilated in male and female.

The centipedes (Arthropoda, Myriapoda, Chilopoda) from Colombia: Part I. Scutigeromorpha and Scolopendromorpha.

This study presents an updated list of centipedes of the orders Scutigeromorpha and Scolopendromorpha from Colombia based on data from the literature, the World Catalogue of Centipedes (CHILOBASE), and specimens examined in museum collections. Four families, nine genera, 37 species and four subspecies are listed. One species belongs to Scutigeromorpha, and 36 species and four subspecies to Scolopendromorpha. Eleven species and four subspecies of scolopendromorphs are recorded for the first time from Colombia. Newportia Gervais, 1847 is the most diverse genus with 12 species and three subspecies. Six species of Scolopendromorpha are endemic. Three species-Otostigmus inermis Porat, 1876, O. scabricauda (Humbert & Saussure, 1870) and Cryptops iheringi Brölemann, 1902-are deleted from the fauna of Colombia. The Andean Región in Colombia has the most records of Scutigeromorpha and Scolopendromorpha. Maps showing the geographical distribution are given for the orders, genera, and some species.

Two new species of the armored spider genus Tetrablemma O. P.-Cambridge, 1873 from northern South America (Araneae: Synspermiata: Tetrablemmidae).

Two new species of the armored spider genus Tetrablemma O. P.-Cambridge, 1873 from Colombia and Venezuela are herein described and illustrated: Tetrablemma tatacoa sp. nov. from Huila department, Colombia and T. mochima sp. nov. from Sucre state, Venezuela. These species represent the second record of the genus in the New World. Specimens of these new species were collected in pristine ecosystems, which suggests a natural Gondwanan distribution of the genus. Additionally, a distribution map of the Tetrablemma species in America is herein included.

p>Taxonomic revision of the Colombian Tityus (Archaeotityus) (Scorpiones, Buthidae) species: a morphological and morphometric approach, with a description of a new species.

We present a taxonomic revision of the Colombian Tityus (Archaeotityus) species based on morphological and morphometric evidence. We examined more than 385 specimens and evaluated new and previously used qualitative and quantitative morphological characters. We redescribe the Colombian species and present morphological characters for both sexes and an emended diagnosis for the subgenus Tityus (Archaeotityus). We describe a new species Tityus guane sp. nov. from Santander department, Colombia, Tityus betschi Lourenço 1992 is synonymized with Tityus parvulus Kraepelin, 1914, and Tityus wayuu Rojas-Runjaic Armas, 2007 is synonymized with Tityus tayrona Lourenço, 1991. We measured 186 specimens and performed a multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) for 34 selected morphometric ratios for each sex. We found that a few morphological ratios support species level distinctions within the Colombian species. We provide updated distributional maps with new records and an identification key for both sexes. Furthermore, we provide an updated checklist for the subgenus and a discussion about the character systems used within Tityus (Archaeotityus). The new morphological characters proposed and the traditional morphometry examined with a PCA are useful for studying Tityus (Archaeotityus) taxonomy.

Diversidad de arañas (Arachnida: Araneae) en el Parque Nacional Natural Isla Gorgona, pacífico colombiano / x

Para poder establecer una aproximación a la araneofauna de la Isla Gorgona, ubicada en el Océano Pacifico a 60 km de la costa SO de Colombia, tomamos muestras durante el mes de julio del 2003, empleando métodos de captura directa (manual), barridos con red entomológica (sweeping), agitación de follaje (beating) y trampas de caída (pitfall). Los muestreos se realizaron en jornadas diurnas y nocturnas en cuatro niveles de estratificación vertical, los cuales fueron llevados a cabo en seis tipos de habitat contrastantes de acuerdo con su grado de intervención. Fueron tomadas 65 muestras, colectados 1398 individuos agrupados en 247 morfoespecies, pertenecientes a 34 familias. Los datos fueron analizados con 7 estimadores de riqueza: ACE, ICE, Chao 1, Chao 2, Jack-knife de primer orden, Jack-knife de segundo orden y Bootstrap. Los índices de riqueza variaron entre sí, con Bootstrap obteniendo el valor más bajo (302) e ICE obteniendo el más alto (504). La curva de acumulación de especies nunca llegó a una asíntota, demostrando que el muestreo fue insuficiente. El método de captura más efectivo fue la colecta manual, ya que con este método se registraron 33 de las 34 familias encontradas. El índice de Bray-Curtis indicó que la similitud entre los hábitat es muy pequeña. A pesar de comprender un área relativamente pequeña, la Isla Gorgona aloja una significativa diversidad de arañas, lo cual se refleja por que en cuanto a familias se pudo detectar el equivalente al 71 por ciento de las reportadas para el país.

In order to establish an approximation to the araneofauna in the Isla Gorgona, located in the Pacific Ocean at approximately 60 km from the SW coast of Colombia, we took samples in July 2003, using various methods such as capturing the spiders manually, pitfall traps, sweeping with an entomological net, and beating foliage. The samples were taken during the day and night, at four different levels of vertical stratification, in six different habitat which had different states of succession. Sixty-five samples were taken; 1398 spiders were collected and placed in 247 morphospecies, which belong to 34 families. The data were analyzed with 7 species richness estimators: ACE, ICE, Chao 1, Chao 2, first order Jack-knife, second-order Jack-knife, and Bootstrap. The richness estimators varied between each other, with bootstrap having the lowest value (302) and ICE having the highest (504). The failure of the observed species accumulation curve to find an asymptote, showed that more sampling is needed. The most effective method applied was manual collection, with which 33 of the 34 families were collected. The Bray-Curtis similarity index showed that similarity between habitat is very small. Even though Gorgona has a small extension, it presents a high diversity of spiders, which is reflected in the number of families, that is equivalent to 71 percent of those found in the whole country.