RESUMEN
We report an estimation of the injected mass composition of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at energies higher than 10 EeV. The composition is inferred from an energy-dependent sky distribution of UHECR events observed by the Telescope Array surface detector by comparing it to the Large Scale Structure of the local Universe. In the case of negligible extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMFs), the results are consistent with a relatively heavy injected composition at Eâ¼10 EeV that becomes lighter up to Eâ¼100 EeV, while the composition at E>100 EeV is very heavy. The latter is true even in the presence of highest experimentally allowed extragalactic magnetic fields, while the composition at lower energies can be light if a strong EGMF is present. The effect of the uncertainty in the galactic magnetic field on these results is subdominant.
RESUMEN
Cosmic rays are energetic charged particles from extraterrestrial sources, with the highest-energy events thought to come from extragalactic sources. Their arrival is infrequent, so detection requires instruments with large collecting areas. In this work, we report the detection of an extremely energetic particle recorded by the surface detector array of the Telescope Array experiment. We calculate the particle's energy as [Formula: see text] (~40 joules). Its arrival direction points back to a void in the large-scale structure of the Universe. Possible explanations include a large deflection by the foreground magnetic field, an unidentified source in the local extragalactic neighborhood, or an incomplete knowledge of particle physics.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome Coronario Agudo/inducido químicamente , Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico por imagen , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/inmunología , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Adenocarcinoma/inmunología , Adenocarcinoma del Pulmón , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/administración & dosificación , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Cisplatino/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Pulmonares/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nivolumab , Receptor de Muerte Celular Programada 1/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptor de Muerte Celular Programada 1/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The appendix was used as an efferent limb of the ileocolonic pouch (Mainz pouch) in two patients who underwent radical cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer. The pouch has a low pressure character and sufficient capacity as well as complete continence. This procedure is relatively simple to perform and considered to be a useful modification of ileocolonic pouch.
Asunto(s)
Apéndice/cirugía , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/cirugía , Reservorios Urinarios Continentes/métodos , Anciano , Colon/cirugía , Cistectomía , Humanos , Íleon/cirugía , MasculinoRESUMEN
A case of right hydronephrosis as a complication of appendicitis is reported. The patient was a 63-year-old male, whose chief complaints were pollakisuria and dysuria. Roentgenographic examination revealed right hydronephrosis due to stenosis of right lower ureter and intrapelvic tumor at the right side. Exploration revealed an abscess in the pelvic cavity, and pathologic examination disclosed periappendiceal perforation and an old inflamed appendix. A review of the literature revealed that it is difficult to diagnose the appendicitis without typical symptoms.
Asunto(s)
Apendicitis/complicaciones , Hidronefrosis/etiología , Absceso/etiología , Absceso/cirugía , Apendicitis/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Hidronefrosis/cirugía , Perforación Intestinal/complicaciones , Perforación Intestinal/cirugía , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad Inflamatoria Pélvica/etiología , Enfermedad Inflamatoria Pélvica/cirugíaRESUMEN
Statistical studies were made on 1,795 outpatients, 528 inpatients and 518 operative procedures at our department in 1985. The most frequent diseases among the outpatients were urogenital infections followed by anomalies, stones and tumors. The major diseases among the inpatients were hypospadias, vesicoureteral reflux, congenital urethral stenosis, bladder tumor and benign prostatic hypertrophy. A total of 518 operations were performed. The five major operations were optic internal urethrotomy, hypospadias repair, ureterocystoneostomy, and transurethral resection of prostate and of bladder tumors.
Asunto(s)
Hospitales/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades Urológicas/epidemiología , Revisión de Utilización de Recursos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Pacientes Internos , Japón , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pacientes Ambulatorios , Estadística como Asunto , Enfermedades Urológicas/cirugíaRESUMEN
Statistical studies were made on 1,637 outpatients, 568 inpatients and 563 operative procedures at our department in 1986. The most frequent diseases among the outpatients were urogenital infections followed by anomalies, tumors and stones. The major diseases among the inpatients were hypospadias, vesicoureteral reflux, benign prostatic hypertrophy, bladder tumor and congenital urethral stenosis. A total of 563 operations were performed. The five major operations were hypospadia repair, optic internal urethrotomy, transurethral resection of prostate, ureterocystoneostomy and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.