RESUMEN
Using exome sequencing, we have identified de novo variants in MAPK8IP3 in 13 unrelated individuals presenting with an overlapping phenotype of mild to severe intellectual disability. The de novo variants comprise six missense variants, three of which are recurrent, and three truncating variants. Brain anomalies such as perisylvian polymicrogyria, cerebral or cerebellar atrophy, and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum were consistent among individuals harboring recurrent de novo missense variants. MAPK8IP3 has been shown to be involved in the retrograde axonal-transport machinery, but many of its specific functions are yet to be elucidated. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 system to target six conserved amino acid positions in Caenorhabditis elegans, we found that two of the six investigated human alterations led to a significantly elevated density of axonal lysosomes, and five variants were associated with adverse locomotion. Reverse-engineering normalized the observed adverse effects back to wild-type levels. Combining genetic, phenotypic, and functional findings, as well as the significant enrichment of de novo variants in MAPK8IP3 within our total cohort of 27,232 individuals who underwent exome sequencing, we implicate de novo variants in MAPK8IP3 as a cause of a neurodevelopmental disorder with intellectual disability and variable brain anomalies.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Encéfalo/anomalías , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Discapacidad Intelectual/genética , Mutación , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/química , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Adolescente , Animales , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Caenorhabditis elegans/fisiología , Niño , Preescolar , Simulación por Computador , Femenino , Humanos , Discapacidad Intelectual/diagnóstico por imagen , Locomoción , Lisosomas/metabolismo , Masculino , Modelos Moleculares , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/química , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/metabolismo , Secuenciación del Exoma , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Osteochondrodysplasias represent a large group of developmental structural disorders that can be caused by mutations in a variety of genes responsible for chondrocyte development, differentiation, mineralization and early ossification. The application of whole-exome sequencing to disorders apparently segregating as Mendelian traits has proven to be an effective approach to disease gene identification for conditions with unknown molecular etiology. We identified a homozygous missense variant p.(Gly697Arg) in COL27A1, in a family with Steel syndrome and no consanguinity. Interestingly, the identified variant seems to have arisen as a founder mutation in the Puerto Rican population.