RESUMEN
Cosmic rays are energetic charged particles from extraterrestrial sources, with the highest-energy events thought to come from extragalactic sources. Their arrival is infrequent, so detection requires instruments with large collecting areas. In this work, we report the detection of an extremely energetic particle recorded by the surface detector array of the Telescope Array experiment. We calculate the particle's energy as [Formula: see text] (~40 joules). Its arrival direction points back to a void in the large-scale structure of the Universe. Possible explanations include a large deflection by the foreground magnetic field, an unidentified source in the local extragalactic neighborhood, or an incomplete knowledge of particle physics.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To obtain a profile of risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis in a pediatric population from Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, from May 1990 to June 1991. METHODS: One thousand five hundred and one children with ages from 6 to 15 years were studied to assess serum cholesterol levels and their association with other risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, obesity and family history of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: Four hundred and twenty (27.98%) children showed cholesterol levels over 180 mg%; 75 (5%) had systolic hypertension and 48 (3.20%) diastolic hypertension. The family history was important to search for risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, but did not exclude risk factors when negative. One hundred and thirty six (9.06%) children showed hipetriglyceridemia; 155 (10.33%) presented LDL-cholesterol above 130 mg% and showed a strong association with hypercholesterolemia. Obesity was present in 111 children, but none showed a major prevalence of hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSION: Risk factors for atherosclerosis are present in children and their search should be performed, independent of family income, family history, age and sex. The pediatrician must have a significant role in this setting.
Asunto(s)
HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/sangre , Triglicéridos/sangre , Adolescente , Presión Sanguínea , Niño , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/diagnóstico , Hipertensión/diagnóstico , Masculino , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
OBJETIVO - Obter um perfil dos fatores de risco coronário em uma amostra populacional pediátrica da cidade de Bento Gonçalves, RS, no período de maio/90 a junho/91. MÉTODOS - Foram estudados 1501 escolares de 6 a 16 anos incompletos, visando a detecção dos níveis séricos de colesterol total, lipoproteínas, triglicérides, bem como a avaliação da pressão arterial e da história familiar de doença cardiovascular isquêmica e obesidade. RESULTADOS - Foram detectadas 420 (27,98 'por cento') crianças com hipercolesterolemia, sendo que 75 (5 'por cento') apresentavam hipetensão arterial sistólica e 48 (3,20 'por cento') hipertensão arterial diastólica. A história familiar foi importante quando positiva, porém, sua ausência não excluia a presença de fatores de risco para a aterosclerose. A hipertrigliceridemia foi encontrada em 136 (9,06 'por cento') escolares e a LDL-colesterol elevada em 155 (10,33 'por cento'), mostrando forte associação com hipercolesterolemia. Apresentaram índice de massa corporal acima de percentil 95, não mostrando uma maior prevalência de hipercolesterolemia, 111 crianças. CONCLUSÄO - Os fatores de risco para a aterosclerose estão presentes na infância e deveriam ser pesquisados independentemente do nível socioeconômico, da história familiar, da idade e do sexo, devendo o pediatra ser um dos responsáveis por esta investigação.