RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to seasonal influenza. Therefore, vaccination is strongly recommended. However, the vaccine efficacy is lower in the elderly, owing to immunosenescence. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the ability of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus coryniformis K8 CECT5711 to enhance the immune response to the influenza vaccine in the elderly and to assess the effects on symptoms related to respiratory infections. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted between November 2015 and April 2016. A total of 98 nursing home residents, more than 65 years of age were randomly assigned to receive L. coryniformis K8 CECT5711 (3 × 109 CFU/day) or a placebo for 2 weeks before influenza vaccination. The primary outcome was the percentage of seroconversion. The secondary outcomes were the incidence of influenza-like illness (ILI) and respiratory symptoms associated with respiratory infections during the 5-month follow-up period. The serum cytokine and immunoglobulin levels were also evaluated. RESULTS: The percentage of responders to vaccination was higher in the probiotic group than in the control group (p = 0.036). L. coryniformis ingestion was associated with a significantly lower incidence of respiratory symptoms commonly associated with respiratory infections (p = 0.007) and lower consumption of analgesics (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: The administration of L. coryniformis K8 CECT5711 to an elderly population increased the immune response against the influenza vaccine and decreased symptoms associated with respiratory infections. Probiotic administration may be a natural and safe strategy to improve the efficacy of vaccines and to protect against common respiratory infections in susceptible populations.
Asunto(s)
Evaluación Geriátrica/estadística & datos numéricos , Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , Gripe Humana/inmunología , Lactobacillus/inmunología , Probióticos/farmacología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/inmunología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Humanos , Vacunas contra la Influenza/uso terapéutico , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Masculino , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/prevención & controlRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the quantification of iodine with stress dual-energy computed tomography (DECT-S) allows for the discrimination between a normal and an ischemic or necrotic myocardium using magnetic resonance (MR) as a reference. METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, with waiver of informed consent. Thirty-six cardiac MR and DECT-S images from patients with suspected coronary artery disease were evaluated. Perfusion defects were visually determined, and myocardial iodine concentration was calculated by two observers using DECT colour-coded iodine maps. Iodine concentration differences were calculated using parametric tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to estimate the optimal iodine concentration threshold for discriminating pathologic myocardium. RESULTS: In total, 576 cardiac segments were evaluated. There were differences in mean iodine concentration (p < 0.001) between normal (2.56 ± 0.66 mg/mL), ischemic (1.98 ± 0.36 mg/dL) and infarcted segments (1.35 ± 0.57 mg/mL). A myocardium iodine concentration of 2.1 mg/mL represented the optimal threshold to discriminate between normal and pathologic myocardium (sensitivity 75 %, specificity 73.6 %, area under the curve 0.806). Excellent agreement was found in measured myocardium iodine concentration (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.814). CONCLUSION: Cardiac DECT-S with iodine quantification may be useful to differentiate healthy and ischemic or necrotic myocardium. KEY POINTS: ⢠DECT-S allows for determination of myocardial iodine concentration as a quantitative perfusion parameter. ⢠A high interobserver correlation exists in measuring myocardial iodine concentration with DECT-S. ⢠Myocardial iodine concentration may be useful in the assessment of patients with CAD.
Asunto(s)
Yodo/farmacocinética , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Miocardio/metabolismo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/metabolismo , Curva ROC , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Soft-tissue lesions of the fingers are commonly found in daily clinical practice. A wide range of tumors and pseudotumors have been described in this location, and the majority of them are benign. Ganglion cysts are the most common entity, and the localized type of tenosynovial giant cell tumors are the most frequent solid condition. Both may be easily recognized owing to their typical clinical and radiological characteristics. However, categorization of the spectrum of soft-tissue lesions of the fingers remains limited, despite imaging development, and many patients undergo surgery before radiological or histological diagnosis. Clinical history, radiographic features, and ultrasound and magnetic resonance patterns may help in obtaining the correct diagnosis or reducing the list of differential diagnoses. Radiologists should be familiar with imaging findings so that they can determine the size, extension, and affected neighboring anatomical structures, and provide information that allows adequate presurgical counseling.
Asunto(s)
Diagnóstico por Imagen/métodos , Dedos , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ganglión/diagnóstico por imagen , Ganglión/patología , Hemangioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Hemangioma/patología , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Radiografía , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
This study investigates the effect of daily consumption of a concentrated garlic and onion extract on COVID-19 symptoms among elderly nursing home residents. Volunteers consumed a daily capsule of the concentrated powder rich in organosulfur compounds over 36 weeks during lunch. The incidence and severity of COVID-19 symptoms between the treatment and control groups were compared, along with monitoring the safety of consumption, incidence of other diseases, and medicine usage. The treatment group showed a significant reduction in both the number and severity of COVID-19 symptoms compared to the control group, with no significant adverse effects observed. No significant reduction in symptom duration was detected. This study provides preliminary evidence that concentrated garlic and onion extract may aid in the treatment of COVID-19 among older adults. These findings suggest potential public health benefits, emphasizing the need for further research to explore the immunomodulatory properties of these natural compounds.
RESUMEN
Aging is a biological process with high susceptibility to several infections. This risk increases in older patients in residential care facilities (RCF). Thus, there is a clear demand for developing preventive interventions with new therapeutic compounds that combine efficacy and safety. This could be the case of compounds derived from plants of the genus Allium spp. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a combination of a garlic and onion extract concentrate standardized in organosulfur compounds derived from propiin on the incidence of respiratory tract infections in elderly patients of RCF. Sixty-five volunteers were selected at random to receive a placebo or a single daily dose of the extract for thirty-six weeks. Different clinical visits were performed to evaluate the main respiratory diseases with an infectious origin, as well as the associated symptoms and their duration. The extract showed a clinical safety profile and significantly reduced the incidence of respiratory infections. Moreover, the treatment decreased the number and duration of the associated symptoms compared with the placebo group. For the first time, we demonstrated the protective effect of Alliaceae extract in respiratory infectious diseases in elderly healthy volunteers, which could be used prophylactically against the most common infectious respiratory diseases.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Transmisibles , Ajo , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio , Humanos , Anciano , Cebollas , Antioxidantes , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/prevención & control , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , VoluntariosRESUMEN
Magnetic resonance has become a first-line imaging modality in various clinical scenarios. The number of patients with different cardiovascular devices, including cardiac implantable electronic devices, has increased exponentially. Although there have been reports of risks associated with exposure to magnetic resonance in these patients, the clinical evidence now supports the safety of performing these studies under specific conditions and following recommendations to minimize possible risks. This document was written by the Working Group on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Cardiac Computed Tomography of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC-GT CRMTC), the Heart Rhythm Association of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC-Heart Rhythm Association), the Spanish Society of Medical Radiology (SERAM), and the Spanish Society of Cardiothoracic Imaging (SEICAT). The document reviews the clinical evidence available in this field and establishes a series of recommendations so that patients with cardiovascular devices can safely access this diagnostic tool.
Asunto(s)
Cardiología , Desfibriladores Implantables , Cardiopatías , Humanos , Consenso , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Espectroscopía de Resonancia MagnéticaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Rib fractures are very common in closed chest injuries. The majority of these patients suffer significant pain with movement and cough. The purpose of this study is to assess the usefulness of titanium rib bars and clips in stabilising rib fractures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients with rib fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation between 2008 and 2009. Indications for treatment were defined as; 1) Patients with unstable chest (13 patients), 2) Patients with pain or instability due to rib fractures (6 patients), and 3) Significant traumatic deformities of the chest wall (3 patients). Age, traumatic mechanism, chest and associated injuries, surgical data, complications and follow-up were prospectively analysed. The surgical technique is described. RESULTS: The majority of patients were extubated immediately after surgery. All patients with pain or instability showed a subjective improvement or disappearance of pain after the surgery. Four patients had a wound infection which had to be drained. After 3 months, 55% of the patients had returned to work or normal life. The results in each group are described. CONCLUSIONS: Open reduction with internal fixation of rib fractures is a good alternative. The use of titanium rib bars and clips give good clinical results, are easy to apply and have few complications.
Asunto(s)
Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Fracturas de las Costillas/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Placas Óseas , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Instrumentos Quirúrgicos , TitanioRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To evaluate changes in perfusion computed tomography (PCT) parameters induced by treatment with conventional chemotherapy (CCT) alone or with CCT and radiation therapy (RT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to determine whether these changes correlate with response as defined by the response evaluation criteria in solid tumours version 1.1 (RECIST-1.1). METHODS: Fifty-three patients with a histological diagnosis of NSCLC prospectively underwent PCT of the whole tumour, before/after CCT or before/after CCT and RT. Blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), permeability (PMB), and mean transit time (MTT) were compared before and after treatment and with the response as defined by RECIST-1.1. The relationship between changes in the perfusion parameters and in tumour size was also evaluated. RESULTS: PCT parameters decreased after treatment, significantly for BV (p = 0.002) and MTT (p = 0.027). The 30 patients with partial response had a significant decrease of 21% for BV (p = 0.006) and 17% for MTT (p = 0.031). A non-significant decrease in all perfusion parameters was found in patients with stable disease (p > 0.137). In patients with progressive disease, MTT decreased by 10% (p = 0.465) and the other parameters did not significantly vary (p > 0.809). No significant correlation was found between changes in size and PCT parameters (p > 0.145). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of NSCLC with platinum derivatives, with or without RT, induces changes in PCT parameters. Partial response is associated with a significant decrease in BV and MTT, attributable to the effect of the treatment on tumour vascularisation.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/terapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Criterios de Evaluación de Respuesta en Tumores Sólidos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Adulto , Anciano , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/irrigación sanguínea , Quimioradioterapia , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/irrigación sanguínea , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Flujo Sanguíneo Regional , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To analyze computed tomography perfusion (CTP) parameters in NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective study, 152 patients with NSCLC. CTP parameters were correlated with histology, stage, size and response to conventional chemotherapy/radiotherapy. RESULTS: Neuroendocrine tumours presented higher BV (p 0.002). Negative correlation of PMB (p 0.003) and positive of MTT (p 0.046) with T stage was found. BF showed negative correlation with size. No differences were found with the RECIST levels of response to chemotherapy/radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: CTP parameters were highly variable. Neuroendocrine tumours presented higher BV and PMB values. Perfusion parameters do not differ depending on the stage and do not predict response to treatment.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen de Perfusión/métodos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Metastatic tumors involve the oral cavity, and the most common primary sites are the breast and lung. Most cases affect the mandible and maxilla in that order, although some of them can be located in the soft perioral tissues. We report the case of a 62-year-old male who had been diagnosed with sigmoid adenocarcinoma with nodal and liver metastasis, who presented 6 months later with a gingival polypoid tumor, at first considered as a primary neoplasm of gingiva, that was diagnosed in a biopsy as metastatic intestinal adenocarcinoma. The histological evaluation is essential to separate adenocarcinoma from the commoner in this site squamous cell carcinoma, and the immunohistochemical techniques are useful to distinguish metastatic tumor versus primary adenocarcinoma from the minor salivary glands of the area. The intraoral spread of a disseminated neoplasm is generally a sign of bad prognosis, although a longer survival can be expected if a radical surgical treatment of a solitary metastasis is carried out.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Neoplasias Gingivales/secundario , Neoplasias Mandibulares/secundario , Neoplasias del Colon Sigmoide/patología , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Resultado Fatal , Neoplasias Gingivales/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Mandibulares/diagnóstico , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
La resonancia magnética se ha convertido en técnica de imagen de primera línea en muchas situaciones clínicas. El número de pacientes portadores de dispositivos cardiovasculares, como los dispositivos cardiovasculares electrónicos implantables, ha crecido de modo exponencial. Aunque se han descrito complicaciones y efectos adversos cuando estos pacientes se someten a exploraciones de resonancia magnética, la evidencia clínica actual respalda la seguridad de realizar estos estudios cuando se cumplen unas normas y recomendaciones dirigidas a minimizar los posibles riesgos. El Grupo de Trabajo de Cardiorresonancia Magnética y Cardiotomografía Computarizadas de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología (SEC-GT CRMTC), la Asociación del Ritmo Cardiaco de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología (SEC-Asociación del Ritmo Cardiaco de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología), la Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica (SERAM) y la Sociedad Española de Imagen Cardiotorácica (SEICAT) han elaborado el presente documento, que revisa la evidencia disponible en este campo y establece las recomendaciones necesarias para que los pacientes portadores de dispositivos cardiovasculares electrónicos implantables y otros dispositivos puedan acceder con seguridad a este instrumento diagnóstico (AU)
Magnetic resonance has become a first-line imaging modality in various clinical scenarios. The number of patients with different cardiovascular devices, including cardiac implantable electronic devices, has increased exponentially. Although there have been reports of risks associated with exposure to magnetic resonance in these patients, the clinical evidence now supports the safety of performing these studies under specific conditions and following recommendations to minimize possible risks. This document was written by the Working Group on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Cardiac Computed Tomography of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC-GT CRMTC), the Heart Rhythm Association of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC-Heart Rhythm Association), the Spanish Society of Medical Radiology (SERAM), and the Spanish Society of Cardiothoracic Imaging (SEICAT). The document reviews the clinical evidence available in this field and establishes a series of recommendations so that patients with cardiovascular devices can safely access this diagnostic tool (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Desfibriladores Implantables/normas , Cardiopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Seguridad del Paciente , ConsensoRESUMEN
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Embolia Paradójica/prevención & control , Embolia Pulmonar/complicaciones , Heparina de Bajo-Peso-Molecular/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Traumatismos Torácicos/complicaciones , Hematoma/etiología , Vasos Coronarios/lesionesAsunto(s)
Traumatismos en Atletas/complicaciones , Enfermedad Coronaria/etiología , Hematoma/etiología , Traumatismos Torácicos/complicaciones , Heridas no Penetrantes/complicaciones , Adulto , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Estenosis Coronaria/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Imagen MultimodalAsunto(s)
Aorta Torácica/patología , Síndrome de Leriche/diagnóstico por imagen , Trombosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Acenocumarol/uso terapéutico , Angiografía , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Síndrome de Leriche/tratamiento farmacológico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trombosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síndrome de Leriche/complicaciones , Síndrome de Leriche/diagnóstico , Trombosis/complicaciones , Trombosis/diagnóstico , Angiografía/métodos , Angiografía/tendencias , Angiografía , Acenocumarol/uso terapéutico , Síndrome de Leriche/fisiopatología , Síndrome de Leriche/cirugía , Síndrome de Leriche , Obesidad/complicaciones , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Hiperlipidemias/complicaciones , /métodos , Esclerodermia Difusa/complicacionesRESUMEN
La cavidad oral es lugar de asiento de tumores metastásicos, sobre todo con origen en mama y pulmón. La mayoría de los casos afectan por este orden a los huesos mandibular y maxilar, aunque en ocasiones se desarrollan sobre las partes blandas intraorales. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 62 años diagnosticado de adenocarcinoma de colon sigmoide con metástasisganglionares y hepáticas, que 6 meses después presenta una lesión vegetante en la encía, interpretada inicialmente como neoplasia primaria de encía, que tras ser biopsiada fue diagnosticada como adenocarcinoma intestinal metastásico. El estudio histológico es obligatorio para diferenciar un adenocarcinoma de los carcinomas de células escamosas, habituales en la zona, y las técnicas inmunohistoquímicas permiten diferenciar entre un tumor metastásico, sea intestinal o de otro origen, y un adenocarcinoma primario originado en glándulas salivares menores de la zona. La presencia de un tumor diseminado con extensión intraoral acarrea un pronóstico ominoso, aunque si se trata de una metástasis única es posible un tratamiento quirúrgico radical con una supervivencia mayor
Metastatic tumors involve the oral cavity, and the most common primary sites are the breast and lung. Most cases affect the mandible and maxilla in that order, although some of them can be located in the soft perioral tissues. We report the case of a 62-year-old male who had been diagnosed with sigmoid adenocarcinoma with nodal and liver metastasis, who presented 6 months later with a gingival polypoid tumor, at first considered as a primary neoplasm of gingiva, that was diagnosed in a biopsy as metastatic intestinal adenocarcinoma. The histological evaluation is essential to separate adenocarcinoma from the commoner in this site squamous cell carcinoma, and the immunohistochemical techniques are useful to distinguish metastatictumor versus primary adenocarcinoma from the minor salivary glands of the area. The intraoral spread of a disseminated neoplasm is generally a sign of bad prognosis, although a longer survival can be expected if a radical surgical treatment of a solitary metastasis is carried out
Asunto(s)
Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Humanos , Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Neoplasias Gingivales/secundario , Neoplasias Mandibulares/secundario , Neoplasias del Colon Sigmoide/patología , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Resultado Fatal , Neoplasias Gingivales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Mandibulares/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Introducción: Las fracturas costales son muy frecuentes en los traumatismos torácicos cerrados. La mayoría de estos pacientes tienen un dolor importante con los movimientos y con la tos. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar la utilidad de las grapas costales y barras de titanio en la estabilización de las fracturas costales. Material y métodos: Entre los años 2008 y 2009, veintidós pacientes con fracturas costales fueron tratados con reducción abierta y fijación interna Se definen las indicaciones para el tratamiento. 1) Pacientes con el tórax inestable (13 pacientes), 2) Pacientes con dolor o inestabilidad por fracturas costales (6 pacientes), 3) Deformidades traumáticas importantes de la pared torácica (3 pacientes). Los datos se analizaron de forma prospectiva. Se analizaron: edad, mecanismo traumático, lesiones torácicas y asociadas, datos intraoperatorios, complicaciones y seguimiento. Se describe la técnica quirúrgica. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes fueron extubados en el postoperatorio inmediato. Todos los pacientes con dolor o inestabilidad mostraron mejoría subjetiva o desaparición del dolor tras la cirugía. Cuatro pacientes presentaron infección de la herida que tuvo que ser drenada. Después de 3 meses el 55% de los pacientes había vuelto a su trabajo o a su vida habitual, y a los 6 meses el 91%. Se describen los resultados en cada grupo. Conclusiones: La reducción abierta con fijación interna de las fracturas costales, en un grupo seleccionado de pacientes, es una buena alternativa. La utilización de grapas costales y barras de titanio produce buenos resultados clínicos, su aplicación es fácil y tiene escasas complicaciones (AU)
Introduction: Rib fractures are very common in closed chest injuries. The majority of these patients suffer significant pain with movement and cough. The purpose of this study is to assess the usefulness of titanium rib bars and clips in stabilising rib fractures. Material and Methods: Twenty-two patients with rib fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation between 2008 and 2009. Indications for treatment were defined as; 1) Patients with unstable chest (13 patients), 2) Patients with pain or instability due to rib fractures (6 patients), and 3) Significant traumatic deformities of the chest wall (3 patients). Age, traumatic mechanism, chest and associated injuries, surgical data, complications and follow-up were prospectively analysed. The surgical technique is described. Results: The majority of patients were extubated immediately after surgery. All patients with pain or instability showed a subjective improvement or disappearance of pain after the surgery. Four patients had a wound infection which had to be drained. After 3 months, 55% of the patients had returned to work or normal life. The results in each group are described. Conclusions: Open reduction with internal fixation of rib fractures is a good alternative. The use of titanium rib bars and clips give good clinical results, are easy to apply and have few complications (AU)