Cyberbiosecurity: An Emerging Field that has Ethical Implications for Clinical Neuroscience.

Cyberbiosecurity is an emerging field that relates to the intersection of cybersecurity and the clinical and research practice in the biosciences. Beyond the concerns that usually arise in the areas of genomics, this paper highlights ethical concerns raised by cyberbiosecurity in clinical neuroscience. These concerns relate not only to the privacy of the data collected by imaging devices, but also the concern that patients using various stimulatory devices can be harmed by a hacker who either obfuscates the outputs or who interferes with the stimulatory process. The paper offers some suggestions as to how to rectify these increasingly dire concerns.

Resisting efficiency's overreachOptimal Illusions: The False Promise of Optimization Coco Krumme Riverhead Books, 2023. 256 pp.

Society's obsession with optimization has a cost, argues a mathematical modeler.

Calculating the futureQuantum Supremacy: How the Quantum Computer Revolution Will Change Everything Michio Kaku Doubleday, 2023. 352 pp.

A quantum computing primer offers insights into the technology's most promising potential applications.

Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.

Open source and open data have been driving forces in bioinformatics in the past. However, privacy concerns may soon change the landscape, limiting future access to important data sets, including personal genomics data. Here we survey this situation in some detail, describing, in particular, how the large scale of the data from personal genomic sequencing makes it especially hard to share data, exacerbating the privacy problem. We also go over various aspects of genomic privacy: first, there is basic identifiability of subjects having their genome sequenced. However, even for individuals who have consented to be identified, there is the prospect of very detailed future characterization of their genotype, which, unanticipated at the time of their consent, may be more personal and invasive than the release of their medical records. We go over various computational strategies for dealing with the issue of genomic privacy. One can "slice" and reformat datasets to allow them to be partially shared while securing the most private variants. This is particularly applicable to functional genomics information, which can be largely processed without variant information. For handling the most private data there are a number of legal and technological approaches-for example, modifying the informed consent procedure to acknowledge that privacy cannot be guaranteed, and/or employing a secure cloud computing environment. Cloud computing in particular may allow access to the data in a more controlled fashion than the current practice of downloading and computing on large datasets. Furthermore, it may be particularly advantageous for small labs, given that the burden of many privacy issues falls disproportionately on them in comparison to large corporations and genome centers. Finally, we discuss how education of future genetics researchers will be important, with curriculums emphasizing privacy and data security. However, teaching personal genomics with identifiable subjects in the university setting will, in turn, create additional privacy issues and social conundrums.

Toward a more inclusive internetThe Equality Machine Orly Lobel PublicAffairs, 2022. 368 pp.

Expecting perfection impedes progress in the march toward digital equality, argues a legal scholar.

The virtual worlds of the metaverseThe Metaverse: And How It Will Revolutionize Everything Matthew Ball Liveright, 2022. 352 pp.

An immersive internet is just around the corner, for better or worse.

The lasting legacy of John von NeumannThe Man from the Future: The Visionary Life of John von Neumann Ananyo Bhattacharya Norton, 2022. 368 pp.

A new biography seeks to reacquaint readers with the once widely celebrated scientist.