Challenge, fear and pride: nursing students working as nurses in COVID-19 care units.

CONTEXT AND PURPOSE: During the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, students in the year of undergraduate degree were hired to provide care assistance support in hospitals. The purpose of the study is to explore their experiences of their premature professional incorporation into patient care in a pandemic situation. METHODS: A descriptive phenomenology research study was conducted. Data were collected in two phases: 1) Two focus groups and 2) Ten in-depth individual semi-structured interviews between July and August 2021. RESULTS: Twenty-two Nursing students from a Madrid University School of Nursing participated. All worked in COVID hospitalization units, 6 in intensive care units. Four main categories were identified. Student-professional nurse transition, Learning, Hospital integration and Emotions. CONCLUSION: Despite all the fears and negative emotions, the nursing students do not regret the decision to accept a contract to work as a healthcare professional in the COVID-19 pandemic. They feel that the pandemic has allowed them to see life from another perspective and with other priorities, strengthening their vocation to nursing.

Back to Clinical Training during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspective of Nursing Students.

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many areas of life, including the formation of nursing students. After the COVID-19 crisis, learning during clinical training created different challenges. Nursing schools are responsible for ensuring that structures are in place to facilitate coping in the changed clinical setting. This study aimed to analyze nursing students' perceptions during clinical training while caring for COVID-19 patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A qualitative phenomenological study that explored nursing students' perceptions of learning in clinical settings with COVID-19 patients was performed. A total of 15 semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with nursing students who carried out their clinical practices in COVID-19 units during February and April 2022. RESULTS: Through content analysis, categorization, and the method of comparison constant, four categories emerged: feelings, challenges, coping methods, and clinical practices. The students had to learn to "work" with fear and uncertainty and self-manage the emotional burden using different coping techniques to deal with learning during their practices. Interacting with professors and clinical tutors during the clinical practice were positive experiences. CONCLUSIONS: This study constituted an opportunity to build new and adapted educational approaches for teachers to train nursing students to deal with their emotions and thoughts in future pandemic situations.

Molecular markers of endometrial carcinoma detected in uterine aspirates.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequent of the invasive tumors of the female genital tract. Although usually detected in its initial stages, a 20% of the patients present with advanced disease. To date, no characterized molecular marker has been validated for the diagnosis of EC. In addition, new methods for prognosis and classification of EC are needed to combat this deadly disease. We thus aimed to identify new molecular markers of EC and to evaluate their validity on endometrial aspirates. Gene expression screening on 52 carcinoma samples and series of real-time quantitative PCR validation on 19 paired carcinomas and normal tissue samples and on 50 carcinoma and noncarcinoma uterine aspirates were performed to identify and validate potential biomarkers of EC. Candidate markers were further confirmed at the protein level by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. We identified ACAA1, AP1M2, CGN, DDR1, EPS8L2, FASTKD1, GMIP, IKBKE, P2RX4, P4HB, PHKG2, PPFIBP2, PPP1R16A, RASSF7, RNF183, SIRT6, TJP3, EFEMP2, SOCS2 and DCN as differentially expressed in ECs. Furthermore, the differential expression of these biomarkers in primary endometrial tumors is correlated to their expression level in corresponding uterine fluid samples. Finally, these biomarkers significantly identified EC with area under the receiver-operating-characteristic values ranging from 0.74 to 0.95 in uterine aspirates. Interestingly, analogous values were found among initial stages. We present the discovery of molecular biomarkers of EC and describe their utility in uterine aspirates. These findings represent the basis for the development of a highly sensitive and specific minimally invasive method for screening ECs.

Linfoma anaplásico de células grandes e implantes mamarios: revisión sistemática de las casuísticas publicadas / Anaplastic large cell lymphoma and breast implants: systematic review of published cases

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVO: Desde 1995 en que se publicó la primera notificación que relacionaba el linfoma anaplásico de células grandes al hecho de portar implantes mamarios (LACG-AIM) han transcurrido más de 25 años y han sido publicados cientos de artículos. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática y analítica de los casos publicados, así como sintetizar el conocimiento actual sobre esta entidad y acercarlo al lector de habla hispana. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Realizamos una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect y SciELO así como en el buscador de Google Académico entre 1995 y octubre de 2019, que pretende revisar las características de los casos recogidos en la literatura en dicho periodo de tiempo. RESULTADOS: El número total de casos recogidos en la bibliografía analizada fue de 122. La información resultó heterogénea y mayoritariamente basada en notificaciones de casos. Cabe destacar la escasez de casos publicados desde países íbero-latinoamericanos. Exponemos los principales datos recogidos relativos a características del linfoma, sintomatología, diagnóstico, patogenia, estudios genéticos, mutaciones, tratamiento, pronóstico y supervivencia. CONCLUSIONES: Aunque el diagnóstico y tratamiento actual del LACG-AIM se encuentran bastante estandarizados, la incidencia real y la etiología de esta entidad necesitan de estudios más rigurosos. La falta de criterios comunes a la hora de recoger o notificar los casos hace difícil una recogida veraz y uniforme. Es necesaria la comunicación de cualquier incidente relacionado con las prótesis mamarias, tanto a los registros nacionales de implantes como a la comunidad científica, a fin de recopilar información de calidad como base para latoma de decisiones basadas en evidencia

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In 1995, the first notification relating anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) and breast implants was established. Twenty four years later, hundreds of articles have been published about this topic. The aim of this study is to review the published cases and summarize the current knowledge about this entity bringing it closer to Hispanic readers. METHODS: A systematic review was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO and Google Scholar databases since 1995 to October 2019. RESULTS: A total number of 122 case reports were analyzed. The information collected was heterogeneous. The shortage of Ibero-Latinoamerican published cases was evidenced. Data elements abstracted included information about patient demographics, medical history, implant characteristics, presenting symptoms, diagnosis and staging, treatment, and patient outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Despite diagnosis and current treatment to BIA-ALCL are fairly standardized, more rigorous studies are required to establish actual incidence and etiology. The lack of common criteria when collecting or reporting clinical cases makes difficult a truthful and uniform data collection. Communication of any incident related to breast implants, both to the national implant registries and to the scientific community, is necessary in order to gather quality information as a basis for evidence-based decision making

Síndrome de apneas-hipopneas y narcolepsia. Descripción de una serie hospitalaria / Sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome and narcolepsy. Description of a series of hospital patients

Introducción. Los trastornos del sueño son muy prevalentes en la población general; sin embargo, la asociación de síndrome de apneas-hipopneas (SAHS) en pacientes con narcolepsia se ha descrito en pocas ocasiones. Se revisan los trastornos del sueño encontrados en pacientes con narcolepsia, la prevalencia de SAHS asociado a estos pacientes y su respuesta a los tratamientos. Pacientes y métodos. Análisis descriptivo retrospectivo observacional de 25 pacientes, con diagnóstico de narcolepsia, atendidos en nuestro centro desde octubre de 2012 hasta diciembre de 2016. Resultados. De 470 pacientes valorados en la consulta monográfica de neurología, hemos diagnosticado a 25 pacientes con narcolepsia (5,31%); el 65% eran hombres, y el 35%, mujeres. Edad media en el momento del diagnóstico: 40 años. El 60% presenta otros trastornos del sueño asociados, el más frecuente es el SAHS (36%). La eficacia del tratamiento con presión aérea positiva continua nasal (CPAP) es del 66% en los pacientes con SAHS con indicación de CPAP. Conclusiones. El 60% de los pacientes con narcolepsia asocia un segundo trastorno del sueño (mayor que la incidencia de coexistencia en la población general, del 20-25% de los pacientes), y los descritos también son los más frecuentes en la población general (SAHS, síndrome de piernas inquietas, movimientos periódicos de las piernas). El 36% de los pacientes con narcolepsia asocia SAHS. De ellos, en el 78% se ha conseguido un control de eventos respiratorios adecuado; el 57% se ha controlado con CPAP y el 43% restante no ha precisado CPAP por corrección de eventos con otros métodos (AU)

Introduction. Sleep disorders are highly prevalent among the general population, although very few cases of sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) have been reported in patients with narcolepsy. This study reviews the sleep disorders found in patients with narcolepsy, the prevalence of SAHS associated with these patients and their response to the different treatments. Patients and methods. We conducted an observation-based retrospective descriptive analysis of 25 patients diagnosed with narcolepsy, who were treated in our centre between October 2012 and December 2016. Results. Of 470 patients evaluated in the specialised neurology consultation unit, 25 patients were diagnosed with narcolepsy (5.31%); 65% were males and the remaining 35% were females; the mean age at the time of diagnosis was 40 years. 60% presented other associated sleep disorders, the most frequent being SAHS (36%). The efficacy rate of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is 66% in patients with SAHS with an indication of CPAP. Conclusions. Altogether, 60% of patients with narcolepsy have a second associated sleep disorder (greater than the incidence of coexistence in the general population, of 20-25% of patients), and those reported are also the most frequent among the general population (SAHS, restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement disorder). 36% of patients with narcolepsy have SAHS as an associated condition. Of these, 78% have reached a suitable degree of control over respiratory events; 57% have achieved control with CPAP, and the remaining 43% did not require CPAP for event correction with other methods (AU)