[Stress, coping and presenteeism in nurses assisting critical and potentially critical patients]. / Estresse, coping e presenteísmo em enfermeiros que assistem pacientes críticos e potencialmente críticos.

OBJECTIVE: to verify the associations between stress, Coping and Presenteeism in nurses operating on direct assistance to critical and potentially critical patients. METHOD: this is a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, conducted between March and April 2010 with 129 hospital nurses. The Inventory of stress in nurses, Occupational and Coping Questionnaire Range of Limitations at Work were used. For the analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, correlation coefficient of Pearson and Spearman, Chi-square and T-test were applied. RESULTS: it was observed that 66.7% of the nurses showed low stress, 87.6% use control strategies for coping stress and 4.84% had decrease in productivity. Direct and meaningful relationships between stress and lost productivity were found. CONCLUSION: stress interferes with the daily life of nurses and impacts on productivity. Although the inability to test associations, the control strategy can minimize the stress, which consequently contributes to better productivity of nurses in the care of critical patients and potentially critical.

[The impact of coping strategies on the intensity of stress on hemato-oncology nurses]. / O impacto das estratégias de enfrentamento na intensidade de estresse de enfermeiras de hemato-oncologia.

We intended to evaluate the impact of coping strategies on the intensity of stress on hemato-oncology nurses, using a transversal analytical study conducted with 18 nurses between March and April of 2010. We used a form for socio-demographic characterization, the Occupational Coping Scale to evaluate the coping strategies and the Nurses Stress Inventory to evaluate the stress. There was no significant correlation between coping strategies and stress intensity, however, in the dispersion analysis, the use of control and avoidance strategies increased stress intensity while the use of symptoms management decreased its intensity. Nurses with less time working in the health institution and those without a postgraduate degree presented higher stress intensity. We concluded that Symptoms Management strategy has a positive effect on the stress of hemato-oncological nurses, where the reduced perspective of healing and the chronic condition of the patients are inherent to the nursing work and make proactive and avoidance actions difficult.

[Influence of stress factors and socio-demographic characteristics on the sleep quality of nursing students]. / Influencia de los factores de estrés y de las características sociodemograficas en la calidad del sueño de estudiantes de enfermería.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of stress factors and socio-demographic characteristics on the sleep quality of nursing students. METHOD: An analytical cross-sectional and quantitative study, conducted with 151 nursing students in São Paulo between March and April of 2012. A form for socio-demographic characteristics, the Instrument to Evaluate Stress in Nursing Students and the Pittsburgh Sleep Index were applied. RESULTS: High levels of stress was predominant for Time Management (27.8%) and Professional Training (30.5%) and low sleep quality (78.8%). The Professional Communication, Professional Training and Theoretical Activity are positively correlated to sleep quality. Work activity, academic year and time for daily studies contributed to a low quality of sleep. CONCLUSION: Few stress factors from the academic environment and some socio-demographic characteristics contributed to the reduction of sleep quality in students.

[Graduate program in nursing at the Federal University of Santa Maria: trajectory and results]. / Programa de pós-graduação em enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria: trajetória e resultados.

A quantitative, descriptive, exploratory study based on documentation that aims to report the history of the Graduate Program in Nursing (PPGENF), Federal University of Santa Maria according to the national scenario. The data was collected through queries to different sites on the Internet and secretary of PPGENE. The program was created in 2006, and in the first triennium there has been an increase in the number of vacancies and candidates, and concentration of the publications was given in qualis B1 and A2. Actions have been developed such as discussions, seminars, conferences and workshops aimed at strengthening the program and subsequent integration of faculty/student, academic and professional nursing. This program is contributing to the expansion and strengthening of nursing in the Rio Grande as its egresses are inserted in institutions of higher education, or PhD in health care public and private.

[Burnout syndrome in multiprofessional residents of a public university]. / Síndrome de Burnout em residentes multiprofissionais de uma universidade pública.

The multiprofessional residency programs seek to break paradigms regarding the education and training of professionals for the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS) and contribute to qualify health services by promoting innovative strategies. However, specific features of these programs can add stress to residents and lead to the Burnout Syndrome. Therefore, we assessed the occurrence of burnout syndrome among the multiprofessional residents at the Federal University of Santa Maria. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study. A sociodemographic data form and the Version Human Service Survey of Marlash Burnout Inventort were administered to 37 residents between April and June of 2011. It was observed that 37.84% presented with High Emotional Stress, 43.24% with High Depersonalization and 48.65% with Low Professional Fulfillment. In terms of the association between domains, it was found that 27% of the residents presented with signs of Burnout Syndrome. The studied residents will be exposed to the stressors of the profession and education/training, which may favor the occurrence of the syndrome in these professionals.

[Stress in nurses at a hemodynamics ward in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil]. / Estresse de enfermeiros em unidade de hemodinâmica no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between stress and symptoms reported by nurses working in units hemodynamics. Data were collected through a questionnaire. For analysis, the results were considered statistically significant if p < 0.05, with an interval of 95% confidence. The population consisted of 63 nurses with a predominance of females (90.5%) and average age of 35.24 (+/- 8.21) years. Most participants werepostgraduate (77.8%) and did not have another job (77.8%). In relation to stress, 52.4% of nurses had an average between 1.11 and 1.97, classified as medium stress, and the critical situations domain presented the highest score (1.63 +/- 0.29). Regarding symptoms, the domain skeletal muscle had a higher average (1.39 +/- 0.94). In this study, there was high significant positive correlation between stress and symptoms (r = 0.629, p < 0.001), thus it is concluded that stress is directly related to the symptomspresented by the nurses.

[Stress, coping and health conditions of hospital nurses]. / Estresse, coping e estado de saúde entre enfermeiros hospitalares.

The objective of this quantitative study was to identify stressing factors, level of stress in nurses, overall health conditions, and coping strategies used by nurses in the working environment. Data collection was performed using three instruments: a survey for daily activities, an inventory of coping strategies, and an inventory for overall health conditions. The population of this study was composed by 143 nurses, most of them with a low level of stress (55.25%) and with a regular health condition (50.35%). Regarding coping forms, problem solving was the factor of highest average. In conclusion, educational actions must be encouraged with an aim to offer tools for professionals to develop coping strategies in their everyday activities, thus minimizing the effect of stress on their health conditions and at work.

Stressors in the nursing care delivered to potential organ donors.

This study examines those situations that are typical to the work of the nursing team in the intensive care unit, especially those that nursing teams consider stressful and are common in intensive care units in the treatment of patients being considered as potential organ or tissue donors. It is an exploratory-descriptive study, established with a qualitative approach, conducted at an Adult Intensive Care Unit. The reports revealed the fact that organ donation leads to different situations and emotions. Regarding the perception of nursing care to the potential organ donor patient, the subjects reported they did not discriminate patients when delivering care, but recognize a certain lack of self-confidence and preparation dealing with brain death. They try to minimize the effects of stressors with physical activities, social support, spirituality, or attempt to separate work from personal life.

[Stress and coping in perioperative period of breast cancer]. / Stress e coping no período perioperatório de câncer de mama.

This study is a literature review with the objective to reflect about stress and coping in the perioperative period of breast cancer. The study was performed based on a national online database including studies published from 1996 to 2006. The search found 63 articles, 17 of which were selected. The selected articles were read, analyzed and grouped into thematic categories: (1) Breast cancer as a stressor and impact on the diagnosis; (2) Stress and breast cancer treatment; (3) Coping and breast cancer; (4) The nurse as a cooperator in the coping process. This study found that national literature about breast cancer is substantial, but there few studies emphasize stress and cancer as a process lived by patients. Therefore, further studies should be performed regarding the stressors experienced by Brazilian women with breast cancer and the coping strategies they use.

[Unit of hemodynamics: the production of the knowledge]. / Unidades de hemodinâmica: a produção do conhecimento.

This study aimed at doing an integrative review that has as objective to investigate what has been published on nursing in hemodynamic in the following data bases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), and Nursing Database (BDENF); with the descriptors: Enfermagem and Hemodinâmica and Nursing and Hemodynamics. The data indicate that the studies in his majority were developed by nurses, and made a list to the presence of nursing, there were still boarded aspects made a list to the reprocess of catheters and health of the professionals of nursing. Nevertheless, it is noticeable that the publication of works connected with the thematic of hemodynamic is limited. However, they demonstrate the predominance of inquiries and reports making a list to the aspects of the presence of nursing in this sector which may represent the necessities and the problems that permeate the work.

Educational nursing intervention to reduce the hyperphosphatemia in patients on hemodialysis. / Intervenção educacional de enfermagem para redução da hiperfosfatemia em pacientes em hemodiálise.

OBJECTIVE:: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational nursing intervention to reduce hyperphosphataemia in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis. METHOD:: quasi-experimental study with 63 hyperphosphatemic patients on hemodialysis. The intervention consisted of developing and providing a printed and illustrated manual to patients containing information on disease control. The participant was asked to complete a daily checklist with the aim to reinforce aspects provided in the manual. Laboratory tests and itching intensity were analyzed at the beginning of the study, and at 30 and 60 days after the educational intervention. RESULTS:: the mean age of participants was 58±13.1 years, with a treatment time of 51.1±44.7 months. A reduction in serum phosphorus values of 7.06 ± 1.43 to 5.80 ± 1.53 (p <0.001) and the intensity of itching after the intervention was observed. CONCLUSION:: the educational nursing intervention was effective in reducing phosphate and decreasing itching in hyperphosphatemic patients.

Políticas para o trabalhador em saúde, com foco na enfermagem na atenção básica / Policies for the health worker, with a focus on basic care nursing

A atenção básica se caracteriza por um conjunto de ações sistemáticas em saúde, abrangendo o indevido e as coletividades com o enfoque na promoção e a proteção em saúde de agravos, o diagnóstico, o tratamento, a reabilitação, redução de danos e a manutenção da saúde com o objetivo de desenvolver uma atenção integral que impacte na situação de saúde e autonomia das pessoas e nos determinantes e condicionantes de saúde das coletividades

Basic care is characterized by a set of systematic actions in health, covering undue and collectivities with the focus on promotion and protection in health of diseases, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, harm reduction and health maintenance with the goal of developing comprehensive care that impacts on the health situation and the autonomy of the people and on the determinants and health determinants of the communities.

Evolução histórica do conceito de estresse / Historical evolution of the stress concept

Analisou-se a evolução conceitual do estresse segundo os modelos Biologicista e Interacionista e as principais pesquisas brasileiras desenvolvidas com base nesses modelos. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa realizada no Pubmed, Banco de Teses e Dissertações e Portal de Periódicos da CAPES. Utilizaram-se as palavras estresse e enfermagem em cada uma das bases. Após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão/inclusão, selecionaram-se 22 produções científicas. Enquanto fenômeno humano, o estresse foi inicialmente analisado sob o prisma biológico, sendo denominado Síndrome de Adaptação Geral. Posteriormente, consideraram-se os aspectos cognitivos no processo de estresse. Evidenciaram-se pesquisas descritivas realizadas entre enfermeiros e estudantes de enfermagem, havendo predomínio de médio e baixo estresse. A evolução conceitual de estresse associada às pesquisas conduzidas entre profissionais e estudantes tem favorecido a construção conhecimento na área do estresse. Todavia, pesquisas analíticas e experimentais ainda são necessárias.

Estresse em docentes universitários da área de saúde de uma faculdade privada do entorno do Distrito Federal / Stress in university teachers of the health area of a private faculty of the federal district environment

O objetivo do presente artigo e descrever o nível de estresse em docentes universitários da área de saúde de uma faculdade privada do entorno do Distrito Federal. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, analítico e quantitativo, realizado entre agosto e dezembro de 2017. Os dados foram coletados por meio dos seguintes instrumentos auto-aplicáveis: Questionário para descrever o perfil sócio demográfico e profissional dos docentes e Escala de Estresse no Trabalho (EET). O nível de estresse nos docentes universitários da área de saúde foi baixo em 67% de acordo com os dados coletados. As situações avaliadas como mais estressantes são: a falta de autonomia na execução do trabalho, a deficiência na divulgação de informações sobre decisões organizacionais, falta de informações sobre as tarefas no trabalho, tipo de controle existente no trabalho e o tempo insuficiente para realizar o volume de trabalho. Embora a docência seja considerada estressante, os docentes parecem lidar bem com as situações do ambiente de trabalho a partir de enfrentamentos efetivos aos estressores.

Presenteeism in hospital nurses.

This quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional research aimed to determine the estimated productivity of health-related limitations at work in 129 nurses working in direct care delivery to critical and potentially critical patients. Instruments were applied for socio-demographic and functional characterization and for the evaluation of presenteeism (Work Limitations Questionnaire). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software was used for data analysis. In this study, 75% of nurses obtained a lost productivity index of up to 4.84%. The physical demand domain represented the major limitation for these professionals (25%). Presenteeism was directly correlated to health care, occurrence and number of absences, and indirectly related to work time at the unit. It was concluded that organizational or individual factors influence individuals' productivity, in view of the circumstances involving care delivery to critical and potentially critical patients.

Stress and burnout among multidisciplinary residents.

OBJECTIVE: To identify associations between high-stress and burnout syndrome in multidisciplinary residents from a federal university in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. METHOD: This is an analytical, cross-sectional and quantitative study. A socio-demographic questionnaire, the Work Stress Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Services Survey (MBI-HSS) were applied to 37 residents between April and June 2011. P-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: We verified that 48.65% of the residents experienced high-stress. When associating the MBI-HSS subscales, we verified that 27% of the residents showed some indication of burnout syndrome. There was a statistically significant correlation (p=0.00, r=0.68) between a high-stress and burnout. CONCLUSIONS: High-stress was confirmed as being a predictor of burnout syndrome among multidisciplinary residents. Therefore, we propose that intervention studies be conducted in order to change such contexts.

Intervenção educacional de enfermagem para redução da hiperfosfatemia em pacientes em hemodiálise / Intervención educativa de enfermería para reducir hiperfosfatemia en pacientes en hemodiálisis / Educational nursing intervention to reduce the hyperphosphatemia in patients on hemodialysis

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção educacional de enfermagem para redução da hiperfosfatemia em pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise. Método: estudo quase experimental realizado com 63 pacientes hiperfosfatêmicos em hemodiálise. A intervenção se constituiu em orientar e disponibilizar um manual impresso e ilustrado aos pacientes, contendo informações sobre o controle da doença. Foi solicitado o preenchimento de um checklist diário, com finalidade recordatória dos aspectos abordados no manual. Os exames laboratoriais e a intensidade do prurido foram analisados no início do estudo, aos 30 e 60 dias após a intervenção educacional. Resultados: a média de idade dos participantes foi 58±13,1 anos e tempo de tratamento de 51,1±44,7 meses. Houve redução dos valores séricos do fósforo de 7,06±1,43 para 5,80±1,53 (p<0,001) e da intensidade do prurido após a intervenção. Conclusão: a Intervenção Educacional de Enfermagem foi efetiva para redução do fosfato e diminuição do prurido nos pacientes hiperfosfatêmicos.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia de una intervención educativa de enfermería para reducir hiperfosfatemia en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en hemodiálisis. Método: estudio cuasi-experimental con 63 pacientes en hemodiálisis con hiperfosfatemia. La intervención consistió en guiar los pacientes y proporcionar un manual impreso e ilustrado con informaciones sobre el control de la enfermedad. Se solicitó completar una lista de verificación todos los días con el propósito de recordar los aspectos tratados en el manual. Se analizaron las pruebas de laboratorio y la intensidad del picor al inicio del estudio, 30 y 60 días después de la intervención educativa. Resultados: la edad promedio de los participantes fue 58±13,1 años y el tiempo de tratamiento fue 51,1±44,7 meses. Hubo reducción de los valores séricos de fósforo de 7,06±1,43 para 5,80±1,53 (p<0,001) y de la intensidad del picor después de la intervención. Conclusión: la intervención educativa de enfermería fue eficaz en la reducción de fosfato y disminución del picor en pacientes con hiperfosfatemia.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational nursing intervention to reduce hyperphosphataemia in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis. Method: quasi-experimental study with 63 hyperphosphatemic patients on hemodialysis. The intervention consisted of developing and providing a printed and illustrated manual to patients containing information on disease control. The participant was asked to complete a daily checklist with the aim to reinforce aspects provided in the manual. Laboratory tests and itching intensity were analyzed at the beginning of the study, and at 30 and 60 days after the educational intervention. Results: the mean age of participants was 58±13.1 years, with a treatment time of 51.1±44.7 months. A reduction in serum phosphorus values of 7.06 ± 1.43 to 5.80 ± 1.53 (p <0.001) and the intensity of itching after the intervention was observed. Conclusion: the educational nursing intervention was effective in reducing phosphate and decreasing itching in hyperphosphatemic patients.

Conflict in nursing management in the hospital context.

This qualitative study aimed to analyze how conflicts manifest in interpersonal relations and the dimensions they assume in nursing management in hospitals. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 nurse managers from hospitals in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Content analysis was used to interpret the results. Among the results, it was highlighted that: a) 11 of the 13 nurses have been managers for more than 80% of their time since graduation and expressed that they had no idea about the management role before taking up this function; b) the nurses consider that conflicts are immanent in the organization, entailing the need to live and interact with them; c) internal conflicts showed to be the most determining for the managers. There is a need to understand the origin of conflicts and factors favoring their establishment, as well as to acknowledge the importance of an interdisciplinary response.

Desvelando situações de risco no contexto de trabalho da Enfermagem em serviços de urgência e emergência / Revealing risk situations in the context of nursing work At urgency and emergency services

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção de uma equipe de enfermagem acerca dos riscos ocupacionais, no contexto do trabalho de enfermagem, em serviços de urgência e emergência e identificar as medidas de proteção à saúde utilizadas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo exploratório realizado com 24 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem que atuavam na unidade de urgência e emergência de um hospital da região Noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada e análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: percepção dos riscos ocupacionais: um olhar sobre a realidade; e equipamentos de proteção individual: da percepção à utilização pelo trabalhador de enfermagem. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário que ações educativas sejam desenvolvidas de forma permanente e que envolvam a equipe de enfermagem, pois a inclusão dos atores sociais no processo reflexivo possibilita sua sensibilização, instrumentalização e aprendizado de forma coletiva sobre as medidas de proteção à saúde na perspectiva dos riscos ocupacionais.

Estratégias de coping utilizadas por trabalhadores de enfermagem em terapia intensiva neonatal / Coping strategies used by nursing professionals in neonatal intensive care / Estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por el personal de enfermería en cuidados intensivos neonatales

Estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo desenvolvido com 23 trabalhadores de enfermagem com o objetivo de identificar as estratégias de coping utilizadas por trabalhadores de enfermagem de uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Os dados foram coletados em setembro e outubro de 2012 por meio de formulário para caracterização sociodemográfica/funcional e Inventário de Estratégias de Coping. Projeto aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, CAAE 06163312.8.0000.5346. Após análise dos resultados verificou-se que os fatores do inventário mais utilizados pelos trabalhadores foram autocontrole, reavaliação positiva e suporte social. Essas estratégias, centradas tanto na emoção quanto no problema, são consideradas ativas, pois conduzem para a tomada de decisão na resolução da situação estressora. Concluiu-se que identificar as estratégias de coping utilizadas pelos trabalhadores de enfermagem de terapia intensiva pode possibilitar o conhecimento de como as situações estressoras são enfrentadas e favorecer o planejamento de ações de educação permanente, para sensibilizar e instrumentalizar os trabalhadores para o uso efetivo do coping.

This was a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study developed with 23 nursing workers in order to identify the coping strategies used bythem at a neonatal intensive care unit. Data were collected in September and October 2012 by means of a form for sociodemographic/ functional characterization and Inventory coping Strategies. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, CAAE 06163312.8.0000.5346. After analyzing the results, it was found that the factors inventoried most commonly used by workers were self-control, positive reappraisal andsocial support. These strategies, which focus on the emotion and on the problem, are considered active strategies because they lead to decision makingin resolving the stressful situation. It was concluded that identifying coping strategies used by intensive care nursing staff may enablethe knowledge on how stressful situations are faced and may favor the planning of continuing education activities to raise awareness and equipworkers for the effective use of coping.

Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal desarrollado con 23 trabajadores de enfermería con el fin de identificar las estrategias de afrontamientoutilizadas por el personal de enfermería de una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales. Los datos se recogieron en septiembre y octubre de 2012,a través de un formulario para caracterización sociodemográfica / funcional y del Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento. Proyecto aprobadopor el Comité Ético de Investigación, CAAE 06163312.8.0000.5346. Tras el análisis de los resultados se encontró que los factores del inventario más utilizados por la mayoría de los trabajadores eran autocontrol, reevaluación positiva y apoyo social. Estas estrategias, centradas tanto en laemoción como en el problema, son consideradas activas porque conducen a la toma de decisión en la solución de la situación estresante. Llegamosa la conclusión que es importante identificar las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por el personal de enfermería de cuidados intensivos puespueden enseñar a manejar situaciones estresantes y favorecer la planificación de actividades de educación permanente con miras a sensibilizar ydotar a los trabajadores de herramientas para el uso efectivo del afrontamiento.