Alkylamine-Grafted Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets for Enhanced Dispersion Stability and Lubricity Properties.

The unique structure and ultralow interlayer shear strength give molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) materials a broad prospect for energy savings, economic benefits, and extended operating life of lubrication systems. Herein, we prepared an effective integration strategy to prepare novel small-sized and chemically grafted MoS2 to solve the problems of poor dispersibility and easy agglomeration of MoS2. The MoS2 powder was stripped and oxidized to generate active centers using acid oxidation and high-speed ultrasonic crushing to obtain two different types of alkylamine chemically, covalently grafted, oxidized MoS2 nanosheets as lubricant additives to achieve friction reduction and antiwear. The chemical changes and structural characteristics of different types of alkylamine molecules upon covalent interaction with oxidized MoS2 were investigated in detail by FTIR, XPS, TGA, XRD, and TEM analyses. The results showed that the alkylamine-grafted MoS2 oxide nanosheets had good dispersion in 15# industrial white oil, and friction experiments confirmed that the alkylamine-grafted MoS2 oxide (MoS2-O-OLA) nanosheets exhibited better friction and wear resistance such that, compared with pure 15# industrial white oil, the 0.02 wt % MoS2-O-OLA nanosheets could significantly reduce friction (36.2%) and wear (22.4%). The field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and EDS analyses of the wear surface showed that MoS2-O-OLA nanosheets play an important role in improving tribological properties by generating interlayer slippage at the steel ball contact interface, thereby forming surface protection and a uniform oil film.

Robust point light source calibration method for near-field photometric stereo using feature points selection.

In this paper, we present a robust method for nonisotropic point light source calibration through feature points selection. By analyzing the relationship between the observed surface and its image intensity under near-field lighting, the feature points selection method is first developed to effectively address the noisy observations and improve calibration robustness. Afterward, to enhance efficiency and accuracy of the calibration, a cost function of l p-norm is established based on the above relationship, and an improved Newton method-based iteration process is applied to calculate the light source parameters. The simulations demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of achieving robust calibration results with the estimation error less than 2.7 mm and 0.8°, even though the image intensities are corrupted by Gaussian white noise with standard deviation up to 0.4. The experimental validation is performed using a self-designed photometric stereo system, where the calibration of point light sources is conducted, and measurements are taken on a standard sphere and compressor blade based on the obtained calibration results, which demonstrates the effectiveness of what we believe to be a new method.

Dual Gas-responsive Fluorescent Diblock Copolymer Synthesized via RAFT Polymerization.

Stimulus-responsive polymers with luminescence properties have a wide range of applications in the fields of controlled drug release, fluorescent probes, and biological stents. In this paper, carbon dioxide (CO2)/oxygen (O2) dual-responsive fluorescent diblock copolymers were synthesized by the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization method with two fluorescent monomers synthesized as its luminescence source, DEAEMA (CO2 responsive monomer) and tFMA (O2 responsive monomer). An experimental study demonstrated that the synthesized stimulus-responsive fluorescent polymer had a high sensitivity to CO2; the double-responsive fluorescent diblock copolymer could form and achieve the reversal of polymer micelles in the aqueous solution when it was sequentially subjected to the introduction of CO2 and O2.

Multi-Classifier Fusion Based on MI-SFFS for Cross-Subject Emotion Recognition.

With the widespread use of emotion recognition, cross-subject emotion recognition based on EEG signals has become a hot topic in affective computing. Electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to detect the brain's electrical activity associated with different emotions. The aim of this research is to improve the accuracy by enhancing the generalization of features. A Multi-Classifier Fusion method based on mutual information with sequential forward floating selection (MI_SFFS) is proposed. The dataset used in this paper is DEAP, which is a multi-modal open dataset containing 32 EEG channels and multiple other physiological signals. First, high-dimensional features are extracted from 15 EEG channels of DEAP after using a 10 s time window for data slicing. Second, MI and SFFS are integrated as a novel feature-selection method. Then, support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and random forest (RF) are employed to classify positive and negative emotions to obtain the output probabilities of classifiers as weighted features for further classification. To evaluate the model performance, leave-one-out cross-validation is adopted. Finally, cross-subject classification accuracies of 0.7089, 0.7106 and 0.7361 are achieved by the SVM, KNN and RF classifiers, respectively. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the model by splicing different classifiers' output probabilities as a portion of the weighted features.

High intensity focused ultrasound responsive metallo-supramolecular block copolymer micelles.

The metal-supramolecular diblock copolymer containing mechano-labile bis(terpyridine)-Cu(II) complex linkage in the junction point was synthesized. These metal-ligand containing amphiphilic copolymers are able to self-assemble in aqueous solution to form spherical micelles with poly(propylene glycol) block forming the hydrophobic core. It is found that high intensity focused ultrasound can open the copolymer micelles and trigger the release of the payload in the micelle. The micellar properties and release kinetics of encapsulated guest molecule in response to ultrasound stimuli were investigated. The weak Cu(II)-terpyridine dynamic bond in the copolymer chain can be cleaved under ultrasound and thus leads to the disruption of the copolymer micelle and the release of loaded cargo. This study will open up a new way for the molecular design of ultrasound modulated drug delivery systems.

Preparation of diblock copolymer nano-assemblies by ultrasonics assisted ethanol-phase polymerization-induced self-assembly.

Assemblies are widely used in biomedicine, batteries, functional coatings, Pickering emulsifiers, hydrogels, and luminescent materials. Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a method for efficiently preparing particles, mainly initiated thermally. However, thermally initiated PISA usually requires a significant amount of time and energy. Here, we demonstrate the preparation of nano-assemblies with controllable morphologies and size using ultrasound (20 kHz) assisted ethanol-phase RAFT-PISA in three hours. Using poly (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) as the macromolecular reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer agent (PDMA-CTA) to control the nucleating monomer benzyl methacrylate (BzMA), we obtained nano-assemblies with different morphologies. With the length of hydrophobic PBzMA block growth, the morphologies of the assemblies at 15 wt% solid content changed from spheres to vesicles, and finally to lamellae; the morphologies of the assemblies at 30 wt% changed from spheres micelles to short worms, then vesicles, and finally to large compound vesicles. With the same targeted degree of polymerization, nano-assemblies having a 30 wt% solid content display a more evolved morphology. The input of ultrasonic energy makes the system have higher surface free energy, results the mass fraction interval of solventphilic blocks (fhydrophilic) corresponding to the formation of spherical micelles is expanded from fhydrophilic > 45 % to fhydrophilic > 31 % under ultrasound and the fhydrophilic required to form worms, vesicles, and large composite vesicles decreases in turn. It is worth noting that the fhydrophilic interval of worms prepared by ultrasonics assisted PISA gets larger. Overall, the highly green, externally-regulatable and fast method of ultrasonics assisted PISA can be extended to vastly different diblock copolymers, for a wide range of applications.

Versatile morphology transition of nano-assemblies via ultrasonics/microwave assisted aqueous polymerization-induced self-assembly based on host-guest interaction.

Nano-assemblies have wide applications in biomedicine, functional coatings, Pickering emulsifiers, hydrogels, and so forth. The preparation of assemblies mainly utilizes the polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) method, which can produce high-concentration nanoscale assemblies in one step. However, the initiation processes of most reported PISA are limited to thermal initiation. Here, we reported two green and efficient methods for synthesizing nano-assemblies with various morphologies using ultrasound (20 kHz)/ microwave (500 W) assisted aqueous-phase RAFT-PISA in 3 h and 1 h. Cyclodextrin (CD) and styrene (St) nucleating monomer were complexed in a 1:1 ratio. Then, using Poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether as the macromolecular reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent (PEG-CTA) to control the CD/St complexes, the conversion rate of St monomer was respectively 27 %-60 %, 20 %-30 % within 3 h and 1 h under ultrasonics/microwave assisted PISA. Results showed that the morphologies of the assemblies are not only related to the length of PS block, but also to the assistance types and the remaining monomer concentration. The results showed that only PEG45-b-PS90 and PEG45-b-PS241 assemblies prepared by ultrasonics assisted PISA form evolved lamellaes and vesicles (100 nm), which break through the limitation of kinetic freezing. But the ultrasonic reaction on morphology of assemblies is not all favourable. For one thing, it can promote the movement of particles; for another, it makes reverse morphology transformation and sphere is preferred morphology. Therefore, the main reason of morphology evolution is the remaining monomer concentration of PEG45-b-PS90 and PEG45-b-PS241 assemblies reaches to 55 %-65 %, which promoting the segment movement. The results showed that the morphology of the assemblies prepared by microwave assisted PISA changed from spherical micelles to short rods, and finally to vesicles (120-140 nm) as the length of hydrophobic PS block increases. The kinetic freezing problem was solved in microwave-assisted PISA due to the action of microwaves and more remaining monomer concentration. Both them can boost particles movement.

Internal multiple interactions-adsorption and external zwitterionic polymer-exclusion of restricted access materials as adsorbent for offline and online extraction of neonicotinoid pesticides in Goji samples.

A method based on novel restricted access materials (RAMs) for the determination of neonicotinoid pesticides in Goji samples using offline and online solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (LC). RAMs were synthesized using poly(chloromethylstyrene-co-divinylbenzene) (PVBC/DVB) microspheres as substrate, styrene (St) and n-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) were first copolymerized on the interior to construct adsorption sites, and sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) was then polymerized on the exterior to form exclusion sites via two-step surface initiated-atom transfer polymerization. The prepared PVBC/DVB@poly(St-co-NVP)@poly(SBMA) RAMs could efficiently extract neonicotinoid pesticides and automatically exclude proteins. Under the optimized conditions, the developed methods of offline (magnetic SPE and SPE column) and online extraction coupled with LC both using PVBC/DVB@poly(St-co-NVP)@poly(SBMA) RAMs as the extractant, exhibit a wide linearity, low limits of detection and limit of quantification and good inter-day and intra-day precision with satisfactory recoveries. Among these methods, online extraction coupled with LC based on novel RAMs exhibits clear advantages for the determination of neonicotinoid pesticides in Goji samples has clear advantages, such as simple operation by direct injection, short extraction times, and high accuracy with less human error.

Preparation and chromatographic evaluation of a mixed polymer brush-silica stationary phase with temperature-sensitive property.

In this study, a developed chromatographic stationary phase combines the high selectivity of mixed-mode retention with a temperature-responsive property to boost separation efficiency. Copolymer brushes were grafted onto silica gels through surface initiated-atom transfer radical polymerization by polymerizing two types of monomer, temperature-responsive vinylcaprolactam (VCl) and quinine (Qun) containing benzopyridine, a tertiary ammonium positive center, and hydroxyl groups. The obtained silica@poly(Qun-co-VCl) stationary phases were packed as a chromatographic column, and the retention behavior of hydrophobic polycyclic aromatics, highly polar nucleosides, charged organic acids and ß-agonists was studied for this column under different separation modes. The ability to separate different types of analyte shows that the silica@poly(Qun-co-VCl) column provides multiple hydrophobic, hydrophilic and electrostatic interactions toward analytes, achieving the separation of various compounds in one column. In addition, temperature-dependent resolution of polycyclic aromatics, nucleosides, organic acids and ß-agonists was investigated using modulation of the column temperature, and the column exhibited adjustable separation selectivity by simply changing the column temperature. These results demonstrate that the grafting of copolymer brushes on a silica surface, consisting of temperature-responsive poly-VCl and multifunctional groups of poly-Qun, is useful as a mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phase for thermally-modulated multiple interactions. Additionally, this column was also used for the quantitative detection of uridine and inosine from cordyceps.

Preparation of reversed-phase/boronate affinity mixed-mode restricted access materials with zwitterionic polymer outer layers and its extraction properties.

High-selectivity and high-exclusion restricted access materials (RAMs) benefit the demands of complex biological samples. In this study, mixed-mode-adsorption RAMs bearing zwitterionic polymer brushes as their outer layers were proposed. The reversed-phase/bronate affinity (RP/BA) mixed-mode adsorption layers on the surface of the silica gel were first formed by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) employing styrene (St) and 4-vinylphenylboronic acid (4-VPBA) as comonomers Afterward, zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate, SBMA) was grafted via another SI-ATRP reaction to establish the external hydrophilic layer. The selectivity of the developed Sil@poly(St-co-4-VPBA)@poly(SBMA) RAMs was examined employing different analytes (benzenes, tetracyclines, neurotransmitters, ß-agonists, and their structural analogs), the results revealed the preferential adsorption of substances bearing phenyl and cis-diol groups owing to the multiple interactions (hydrophobic, π-π and BA forces) caused by the RAMs with RP/BA mixed-mode adsorption mechanism. On the other hand, the synergistic effect of the strong-hydrophilicity and high-density zwitterionic poly(SBMA) could efficiently promote the exclusion of RAMs. Moreover, the experimental data revealed that > 99% of bovine serum albumin (BSA, 1 g L-1) could be excluded, although the tetracycline (50 µg L-1) was completely adsorbed, indicating the maximized adsorption capacity of the RAMs toward small molecules after the efficient exclusion of protein interference. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) employing the developed Sil@poly(St-co-4-VPBA)@poly(SBMA) RAM coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was successfully employed to determine the tetracycline content of a milk sample. The established method exhibited satisfactory linearity (10-700 µg L-1), high recovery (93.1%-108.6%) and good precision (2.6%-8.4%). Finally, our proposed method for synthesizing RAMs could efficiently boost the adsorption selectivity and restricted access function of RAMs, thereby promoting their application in analyzing biological samples.

Highly Efficient and Stable CsPbTh3 (Th = I, Br, Cl) Perovskite Solar Cells by Combinational Passivation Strategy.

The distorted lead iodide octahedra of all-inorganic perovskite based on triple halide-mixed CsPb(I2.85 Br0.149 Cl0.001 ) framework have made a tremendous breakthrough in its black phase stability and photovoltaic efficiency. However, their performance still suffers from severe ion migration, trap-induced nonradiative recombination, and black phase instability due to lower tolerance factor and high total energy. Here, a combinational passivation strategy to suppress ion migration and reduce traps both on the surface and in the bulk of the CsPhTh3 perovskite film is developed, resulting in improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) to as high as 19.37%. The involvement of guanidinium (GA) into the CsPhTh3 perovskite bulk film and glycocyamine (GCA) passivation on the perovskite surface and grain boundary synergistically enlarge the tolerance factor and suppress the trap state density. In addition, the acetate anion as a nucleating agent significantly improves the thermodynamic stability of GA-doped CsPbTh3 film through the slight distortion of PbI6 octahedra. The decreased nonradiative recombination loss translates to a high fill factor of 82.1% and open-circuit voltage (VOC ) of 1.17 V. Furthermore, bare CsPbTh3 perovskite solar cells without any encapsulation retain 80% of its initial PCE value after being stored for one month under ambient conditions.

Hierarchically Architected Polyvinylidene Fluoride Piezoelectric Foam for Boosted Mechanical Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Sensor.

With the rapid development of wearable electronics, piezoelectric materials have received great attention owing to their potential solution to the portable power source. To enhance the output capability and broaden the application, it is highly desired for the design of piezoelectric materials with a three-dimensional and porous structure to facilitate strain accumulation. Herein, enlightened by hierarchical structures in nature, a hierarchically nested network was constructed in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) foam via solid-state shear milling and salt-leaching technology. The as-prepared foam exhibited two hierarchical levels of pores with diameters of 20∼50 µm and 0.3∼4 µm, by which the porosity and flexibility were significantly enhanced, while the highest piezoelectric output reached 11.84 V and 217.78 nA. As a proof-of-concept, the PVDF piezoelectric foam can also be used to monitor human movement toward the different magnitude of strain and frequency, and simultaneously collect energy in a multidimensional stress field for energy harvesting. This work provides a simple and convenient design idea for the preparation of energy harvesters, which have great application potential as a mechanical energy harvester or self-powered sensor in wearable electronic devices.

Theoretical investigation of the structural and spectroscopic properties of expanded metalloporphyrin complexes.

The frontier molecular orbitals, UV-Vis absorption spectra, charge transfer (CT) and triplet excited states of 12 expanded D-A porphyrin/benzoporphyrin complexes were investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) method and time-dependent DFT in this work. The results showed that thiophene was an effective fragment for absorption of 'long wavelength', while the benzoporphyrin worked on the 'short wavelength', which was derived from its saddle-shaped structure; this expanded D-A conjugated system had a mild CT process with anthraquinone/isoindigo as acceptors and a strong CT process with naphtoquinone as acceptor. In addition, based on the simulation of the triplet state, the theoretical phosphorescence wavelength range of this series of derivatives was between 1000 and 1200 nm. This study is expected to assist the design of conjugated porphyrin for the field of porphyrin chemistry.

Fine Optimization of Morphology Evolution Kinetics with Binary Additives for Efficient Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells.

The power conversion efficiency of polymer solar cells (PSCs) is strongly affected by active layer morphology. Here, two solvent additives (ODT: octance-1,8-dithiol; DIO: 1,8-diiodooctane) are used to optimize the bulk heterojunction morphology of FTAZ:ITIC-Th based PSCs and ≈11% efficiency is obtained, which is 10% higher than the untreated device. Based on the morphological characterizations, the influence of binary solvent additives on manipulating molecular packing and phase separation of blend films is successfully revealed. More importantly, in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering characterization is adopted to explore the crucial role played by these two solvent additives at different stages of the film-forming process, that is, ODT influences the initial stage of the film-forming process, while DIO later establishes the ultimate photoactive film formation. Due to the impacts of two additives at different film processing stages, an optimal ratio of ODT:DIO (0.375%:0.125%) is obtained, which helps in realizing the optimized morphology.

[Inhibitory effects of sinapine on activity of acetylcholinesterase in cerebral homogenate and blood serum of rats].

OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the inhibitory effects of Chinese herb component sinapine on activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in cerebral homogenate and blood serum of rats. METHOD: AChE was prepared from cerebral homogenate and blood serum of rats, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase activity assay kit and Chromatometry were used to detect the AChE activity. RESULT: Sinapine significantly inhibited AChE activity in vitro, with more effective on cerebral homogenate (IC50 3.66 micromol x L(-1)) than blood serum (IC50 22.1 micromol x L(-1)). CONCLUSION: Sinapine could significantly inhibit the cerebral AChE activity and may be a promising drug used for prevention and cure of Alzheimer's disease as a cholinesterase inhibitor.

Easy fabrication of poly(butyl acrylate)/silicon dioxide core-shell composite microspheres through ultrasonically initiated encapsulation emulsion polymerization.

In this study, instead of using the usual chemical methods, poly(butyl acrylate)/silicon dioxide (PBA/SiO2) core-shell composite microspheres were prepared using a physical method-ultrasonically initiated encapsulation emulsion polymerization. The morphology and particle size of the PBA/SiO2 microspheres were analysed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The encapsulation state was determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composition and thermogravimetric behavior were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TEM and DLS results show that monodisperse PBA/SiO2 core-shell composite microspheres were successfully obtained. The diameter and shell thickness were 150 nm and 15 nm, respectively. The XPS and FTIR results show that there was no new chemical bond between the PBA shell and the SiO2 core. They were just combined by physical adsorption. The encapsulation efficiency of SiO2 microspheres by PBA is 8.2% through TGA. In addition, this article focuses on the formation mechanism of PBA/SiO2 core-shell microspheres prepared through ultrasonically initiated encapsulation emulsion polymerization. Intuitive observation and the results of TEM and DLS, especially the change in zeta potential, clearly indicate an encapsulation process. Thereinto, a bilayer-structure space established by appropriate amount of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) molecules is the key to realize ultrasonically initiated encapsulation emulsion polymerization.

Achieving Balanced Crystallinity of Donor and Acceptor by Combining Blade-Coating and Ternary Strategies in Organic Solar Cells.

As a prototype tool for slot-die coating, blade-coating exhibits excellent compatibility with large-area roll-to-roll coating. A ternary organic solar cell based on PBDB-T:PTB7-Th:FOIC blends is fabricated by blade-coating and exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 12.02%, which is one of the highest values for the printed organic solar cells in ambient environment. It is demonstrated that blade-coating can enhance crystallization of these three materials, but the degree of induction is different (FOIC > PBDB-T > PTB7-Th). Thus, the blade-coated PBDB-T:FOIC device presents much higher electron mobility than hole mobility due to the very high crystallinity of FOIC. Upon the addition of PTB7-Th into the blade-coated PBDB-T:FOIC blends, the crystallinity of FOIC decreases together with the corresponding electron mobility, due to the better miscibility between PTB7-Th and FOIC. The ternary strategy not only maintains the well-matched crystallinity and mobilities, but also increases the photocurrent with complementary light absorption as well as the Förster resonant energy transfer. Furthermore, small domains with homogeneously distributed nanofibers are observed in favor of the exciton dissociation and charge transport. This combination of blade-coating and ternary strategies exhibits excellent synergistic effect in optimizing morphology, showing great potential in the large-area fabrication of highly efficient organic solar cells.

A Near-Infrared Light-Responsive Hybrid Hydrogel Based on UCST Triblock Copolymer and Gold Nanorods.

We report a near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive hydrogel that is capable of undergoing the gel to sol transition upon 785 nm light exposure based on a photothermal effect. The new hydrogel design relies on loading gold nanorods (AuNRs) in an ABA-type triblock copolymer, namely P(AAm⁻co⁻AN)⁻b⁻PDMA⁻b⁻P(AAm⁻co⁻AN), where P(AAm⁻co⁻AN) stands for a random copolymer of acrylamide and acrylonitrile that exhibits an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) in aqueous solution and PDMA is water-soluble polydimethylacrylamide. At solution temperature below UCST, the insoluble P(AAm⁻co⁻AN) blocks lead to formation of hydrogel of flower-like micelles. When the hydrogel is exposed to 785 nm NIR light, the absorption due to the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance of loaded AuNRs generates heat that raises the hydrogel temperature above UCST and, consequently, the gel-to-sol transition. The NIR light-triggered release of a protein loaded in the hydrogel was found to display a switchable fashion.

Tunable Photocontrolled Motions Using Stored Strain Energy in Malleable Azobenzene Liquid Crystalline Polymer Actuators.

A new strategy for enhancing the photoinduced mechanical force is demonstrated using a reprocessable azobenzene-containing liquid crystalline network (LCN). The basic idea is to store mechanical strain energy in the polymer beforehand so that UV light can then be used to generate a mechanical force not only from the direct light to mechanical energy conversion upon the trans-cis photoisomerization of azobenzene mesogens but also from the light-triggered release of the prestored strain energy. It is shown that the two mechanisms can add up to result in unprecedented photoindued mechanical force. Together with the malleability of the polymer stemming from the use of dynamic covalent bonds for chain crosslinking, large-size polymer photoactuators in the form of wheels or spring-like "motors" can be constructed, and, by adjusting the amount of prestored strain energy in the polymer, a variety of robust, light-driven motions with tunable rolling or moving direction and speed can be achieved. The approach of prestoring a controllable amount of strain energy to obtain a strong and tunable photoinduced mechanical force in azobenzene LCN can be further explored for applications of light-driven polymer actuators.

A simple sonochemical method for fabricating poly(methyl methacrylate)/stearic acid phase change energy storage nanocapsules.

In this study, stearic acid suitable for thermal energy storage applications was nanoencapsulated in a poly(methyl methacrylate) shell. The nanocapsules were prepared using a simple ultrasonically initiated in situ polymerization method. The morphology and particle size of the poly(methyl methacrylate)/stearic acid phase change energy storage nanocapsules (PMS-PCESNs) were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The latent heat storage capacities of stearic acid and the PMS-PCESNs were determined using differential scanning calorimetry. The chemical composition of the nanocapsules was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. All of the results show that the PMS-PCESNs were synthesized successfully and that the latent heat storage capacity and encapsulation efficiency were 155.6 J/g and 83.0%, respectively, and the diameter of each nanocapsule was 80-90 nm.