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1.
J Med Virol ; 95(8): e29032, 2023 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37581876

RESUMEN

The circulating nucleocapsid (NCP) antigen of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is detectable in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients. To better understand the biology of disease severity, we investigated NCP clearance kinetics in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Serum NCP was quantified using a commercial NCP-specific enzyme-linked immunoassay in hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n = 63) during their hospital stay. Results were correlated to COVID-19 disease severity, inflammation parameters, antibody response, and results of SARS-CoV-2 PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs. We demonstrate that NCP antigen levels in serum remained elevated in 21/45 (46.7%) samples from patients in intensive care units (ICU) after >8 days postdiagnosis. The proportion of ICU patients with detectable antigenemia declined only gradually from 84.6% to 25.0% over several weeks. This was in contrast to complete NCP clearance in all non-ICU patients after 8 days, and also in contrast to mucosal clearance of the virus as measured by PCR. Antigen clearance was associated with higher IgG against S1 but not NCP. Clearance of NCP antigenemia is delayed in >40% of severely ill COVID-19 patients. Thus, NCP antigenemia detected after 8 days post COVID-19 diagnosis is a characteristic of patients requiring intensive care. Prospective trials should further investigate NCP antigen clearance kinetics as a mechanistic biomarker.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Humanos , COVID-19/diagnóstico , SARS-CoV-2 , Prueba de COVID-19 , Cinética , Estudios Prospectivos , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Nucleocápside
2.
Nat Microbiol ; 7(2): 195-199, 2022 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35013593

RESUMEN

Here we compared SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses between older adults (>80 years old, n = 51) and a younger control group (20-53 years old, n = 46) after receiving two doses of BNT162b2. We found that responses in older adults were generally lower, and we identified 10% low-/non-responders. After receiving a third vaccination with BNT162b2, 4 out of 5 low-/non-responders showed antibody and T-cell responses similar to those of responders after two vaccinations.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Vacuna BNT162/inmunología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Inmunidad Celular , Inmunidad Humoral , Inmunogenicidad Vacunal , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes/sangre , Vacuna BNT162/administración & dosificación , COVID-19/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunización Secundaria/métodos , Inmunización Secundaria/estadística & datos numéricos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas de Neutralización , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Adulto Joven
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