RESUMEN
A 10-year-old neutered male cross-bred cat was referred to our clinic for a solid mass tightly fixed to the right side of the thoracic wall from the 2nd to 4th ribs. Computed tomography revealed the mass had remarkable calcifications and arose from the 3rd costal cartilage. After removal, it was diagnosed histopathologically as a multilobular osteochondrosarcoma (MLO). For tumor resection, extremely wide surgical margins included 6 costal cartilages and 3 sternal segments were required; however, the tumor was successfully resected, followed by reconstruction of the thoracic wall using artificial materials. The cat recovered uneventfully and was good in health for ~4 y. This is apparently the first report of surgical resection of MLO from the costal cartilage of a cat. Key clinical message: To our knowledge, this is the first report of MLO from the costal cartilage in a cat, demonstrating aggressive surgical resection despite extremely wide surgical margins.
Résection chirurgicale réussie d'un ostéochondrosarcome multilobulaire provenant du cartilage costal chez un chatUn chat croisé mâle castré de 10 ans a été référé à notre clinique pour une masse solide bien fixée sur le côté droit de la paroi thoracique de la 2e à la 4e côte. La tomodensitométrie a révélé que la masse présentait des calcifications remarquables et provenait du 3e cartilage costal. Après retrait, il a été diagnostiqué histopathologiquement comme un ostéochondrosarcome multilobulaire (MLO). Pour la résection tumorale, des marges chirurgicales extrêmement larges comprenaient 6 cartilages costaux et 3 segments sternaux; cependant, la tumeur a été réséquée avec succès, suivie d'une reconstruction de la paroi thoracique à l'aide de matériaux artificiels. Le chat s'est rétabli sans incident et était en bonne santé pendant environ 4 ans. Il s'agit apparemment du premier rapport de résection chirurgicale de MLO du cartilage costal d'un chat.Message clinique clé:À notre connaissance, il s'agit du premier rapport de MLO du cartilage costal chez un chat, démontrant une résection chirurgicale agressive malgré des marges chirurgicales extrêmement larges.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas , Enfermedades de los Gatos , Cartílago Costal , Gatos , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/cirugía , Enfermedades de los Gatos/patología , Masculino , Neoplasias Óseas/veterinaria , Neoplasias Óseas/cirugía , Osteosarcoma/veterinaria , Osteosarcoma/cirugíaRESUMEN
A 13-year-old, male Pomeranian dog was presented for scleral rupture with intraocular hemorrhage and retinal detachment in the right eye. After intrascleral silicone ball prosthesis, recurrent swelling and granulomatous blepharitis were observed for 140 d and finally melting keratitis developed. Although an intraorbital prosthesis was implanted, recurrent, serious, erosive, and ulcerative blepharitis developed with high plasma C-reactive protein concentrations. Since the blepharitis could not be controlled, the silicone ball was removed and the affected orbit was debrided. The blepharitis resolved rapidly, and the orbit healed routinely. Positive allergic reactions to silicone were discovered through a patch test. Key clinical message: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on silicone allergy in a dog with positive allergic reactions to silicone in the patch test.
Allergie au silicone associée à une prothèse intraoculaire en boule de silicone chez un chien. Un chien poméranien mâle de 13 ans a été présenté pour rupture sclérale avec hémorragie intraoculaire et décollement de la rétine de l'oeil droit. Après l'implantation intrasclérale d'une boule de silicone comme prothèse, un gonflement récurrent et une blépharite granulomateuse ont été observés pendant 140 jours et une kératite fondante s'est finalement développée. Bien qu'une prothèse intra-orbitaire ait été implantée, une blépharite récurrente, grave, érosive et ulcéreuse s'est développée, avec des concentrations plasmatiques élevées de protéine C réactive. Comme la blépharite ne pouvait pas être contrôlée, la boule de silicone a été retirée et l'orbite affectée a été débridée. La blépharite s'est résolue rapidement et l'orbite a guéri normalement. Des réactions allergiques positives au silicone ont été découvertes grâce à un test cutané.Message clinique clé :À la connaissance des auteurs, il s'agit du premier rapport sur une allergie au silicone chez un chien ayant des réactions allergiques positives au silicone lors du test cutané.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros , Hipersensibilidad , Desprendimiento de Retina , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/etiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Hipersensibilidad/etiología , Hipersensibilidad/veterinaria , Masculino , Prótesis e Implantes , Desprendimiento de Retina/cirugía , Desprendimiento de Retina/veterinaria , Aceites de Silicona , Siliconas/efectos adversosRESUMEN
In the present study, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of olfactory ganglioneuroblastoma in a dog were compared to those of canine olfactory neuroepithelia and neuroblastomas. Olfactory ganglioneuroblastoma consists of ganglion cell-like tumor cells with Schwannian stroma and neuroblast-like tumor cells. Immunohistochemically, ganglion cell-like tumor cells were immunopositive for synaptophysin, ß3-tubulin, and tyrosine hydroxylase, Schwannian stroma was immunopositive for GFAP and SOX2, and neuroblast-like tumor cells were immunopositive for OLIG2, ß3-tubulin, SOX2, cytokeratin AE1/AE3, and p63. The immunohistochemical results of olfactory neuroepithelia and olfactory neuroblastomas were similar to those of neuroblast-like tumor cells. These results suggest that the ganglion cell-like tumor cells in the present case have a sympathetic neuron immunophenotype, whereas neuroblast-like tumor cells have an olfactory neuroepithelial immunophenotype.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias Nasales , Animales , Perros , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Estesioneuroblastoma Olfatorio/veterinaria , Estesioneuroblastoma Olfatorio/patología , Ganglioneuroblastoma/veterinaria , Ganglioneuroblastoma/patología , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Neoplasias Nasales/veterinaria , Neoplasias Nasales/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dogs with retroperitoneal hemangiosarcoma (HSA) exhibit variable postoperative median survival times (MST). OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate the prognostic value of selected tumour-related factors, such as tumour size, rupture, invasion into adjacent tissue, involvement of lymph node and distant metastasis, they were analysed in dogs with retroperitoneal HSA. METHODS: Ten dogs with retroperitoneal HSA managed solely with surgical excision were reviewed and compared with spleen (71) and liver (9) HSA. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank analysis were used compare MSTs between factors. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazard analysis was used to compare differences between arising sites. RESULTS: Retroperitoneal HSA showed comparatively longer postoperative MST compared with that of spleen and liver HSA and demonstrated significantly longer MST (p = 0.003) for tumours ≥5 cm (195 days) than <5 cm (70 days). Spleen HSA revealed significantly shorter MSTs in involvement of distant lymph nodes (23 days) and distant metastasis (39 days) than those in negative (83 days, p = 0.002 and 110 days, p < 0.001, respectively). Liver HSA also revealed significantly shorter MST (16.5 days compared with 98 days, p = 0.003) for distant metastasis. Additionally, hazard ratios (HRs) and their forest plot for overall HSA revealed as poor prognostic factors, arising sites (spleen; HR 2.78, p = 0.016 and liver; HR 3.62, p = 0.019), involvement of distant lymph nodes (HR 2.43, p = 0.014), and distant metastasis (HR 2.86, p < 0.001), and as better prognostic factor of tumour size ≥5 cm (HR 0.53, p = 0.037). CONCLUSION: In combination with overall HSA, retroperitoneal HSA shows comparatively longer postoperative MST compared to spleen and liver HSA, associated with tumour size ≥5 cm suggesting better prognostic factor.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros , Hemangiosarcoma , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales , Animales , Perros , Hemangiosarcoma/veterinaria , Hemangiosarcoma/patología , Hemangiosarcoma/cirugía , Hemangiosarcoma/mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Masculino , Femenino , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/veterinaria , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/patología , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/cirugía , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/mortalidad , Pronóstico , Neoplasias del Bazo/veterinaria , Neoplasias del Bazo/cirugía , Neoplasias del Bazo/patología , Neoplasias del Bazo/mortalidad , Neoplasias Hepáticas/veterinaria , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirugía , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologíaRESUMEN
This study retrospectively evaluated the fentanyl-sparing effect of ultrasound-guided proximal radial, ulnar, median, and musculocutaneous nerve (RUMM) block for radial and ulnar fracture repair in dogs. Fentanyl was prepared for intraoperative analgesia in dogs, although proximal RUMM block was performed using 0.5% or 0.25% bupivacaine before surgery in the block group. Dogs without a nerve block were assigned to the control group. The fentanyl dose in the block group [0.8 (0-1.9) µg/kg/hr] [median (interquartile range)] was significantly lower than in the control group [8.4 (7.2-10) µg/kg/hr]. Surgery was performed without fentanyl in >50% of the dogs (5/7), using 0.5% bupivacaine. Ultrasound-guided proximal RUMM block can be useful as an intraoperative analgesic for radial and ulnar fracture repair in dogs.
Asunto(s)
Fentanilo , Nervio Musculocutáneo , Perros , Animales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Nervio Musculocutáneo/diagnóstico por imagen , Fentanilo/farmacología , Nervio Radial , Nervio Cubital , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Bupivacaína , Ultrasonografía Intervencional/veterinaria , Anestésicos LocalesRESUMEN
Expression of phosphorylated v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (pBRAF) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (pERK1/2) were investigated in urothelial carcinoma (UC) in dogs with or without the BRAF gene mutation (V595E). Among the 10 cases of UC with V595E (-), cytoplasmic immunoreactivity against pBRAF of neoplastic cells was reported in 8, with 7 displaying moderate reactivity and 1 displaying intense reactivity. Nuclear immunoreactivity against pBRAF was detected in 5 cases; however, these reactivities were non-specific, due to pBRAF being limited in the cytoplasm. In addition, positive cytoplasmic immunoreactivity against pERK1/2 of neoplastic cells was detected in 7 cases and nuclear immunoreactivity against ERK1/2 was detected in 6 cases. Among the 13 cases of UC with V595E (+), cytoplasmic immunoreactivity against pBRAF of neoplastic cells was detected in all 13 cases and nuclear immunoreactivity against pBRAF was detected in 10 cases; however, the nuclear immunoreactivity was non-specific. Cytoplasmic immunoreactivity against pERK1/2 of neoplastic cells was detected in all 13 cases and nuclear immunoreactivity against pERK1/2 was also detected in all cases. As nuclear pERK1/2 indicates a progressive signaling process in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, V595E (+) UC might be in its growing stage. Probable phosphorylated sites of pBRAF at Thr598/Ser601, detected in this study, are major and essential sites of the upstream rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS) signaling pathway. In human cancers, the BRAF mutation never coincides with oncogenic RAS. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the simultaneous occurrence of the BRAF mutation (V595E) and pBRAF expression (at Thr598/Ser601) in dogs with UC with V595E (+).
L'expression de l'homologue B de l'oncogène viral du sarcome murin phosphorylé v raf (pBRAF) et de la kinase1/2 régulée par le signal extracellulaire phosphorylé (pERK1/2) ont été étudiées dans le carcinome urothélial (CU) chez des chiens avec ou sans la mutation du gène BRAF (V595E). Parmi les 10 cas de CU avec V595E (−), une immunoréactivité cytoplasmique contre pBRAF de cellules néoplasiques a été rapportée chez huit, sept présentant une réactivité modérée et un présentant une réactivité intense. L'immunoréactivité nucléaire contre pBRAF a été détectée dans cinq cas; cependant, ces réactivités n'étaient pas spécifiques, car pBRAF était limité dans le cytoplasme. De plus, une immunoréactivité cytoplasmique positive contre pERK1/2 des cellules néoplasiques a été détectée dans sept cas et une immunoréactivité nucléaire contre ERK1/2 a été détectée dans six cas. Parmi les 13 cas de CU avec V595E (+), une immunoréactivité cytoplasmique contre pBRAF de cellules néoplasiques a été détectée dans les 13 cas et une immunoréactivité nucléaire contre pBRAF a été détectée dans 10 cas; cependant, l'immunoréactivité nucléaire était non spécifique. L'immunoréactivité cytoplasmique contre pERK1/2 des cellules néoplasiques a été détectée dans les 13 cas et l'immunoréactivité nucléaire contre pERK1/2 a également été détectée dans tous les cas. Comme le pERK1/2 nucléaire indique un processus de signalisation progressif dans la voie de la protéine kinase activée par les mitogènes, V595E (+) UC pourrait être dans sa phase de croissance. Les sites phosphorylés probables de pBRAF à Thr598/Ser601, détectés dans cette étude, sont des sites majeurs et essentiels de la voie de signalisation de l'oncogène viral (RAS) du sarcome de rat en amont. Dans les cancers humains, la mutation BRAF ne coïncide jamais avec le RAS oncogène. À notre connaissance, il s'agit du premier rapport sur la survenue simultanée de la mutation BRAF (V595E) et de l'expression de pBRAF (à Thr598/Ser601) chez des chiens atteints de CU avec V595E (+).(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Transicionales , Enfermedades de los Perros , Enfermedades de los Roedores , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria , Animales , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/genética , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/genética , Perros , Humanos , Ratones , Mutación , Oncogenes , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas B-raf/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras)/genética , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/genética , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/patología , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/veterinariaRESUMEN
Each 5 urothelial carcinoma (UC) cell lines with and without the v-Raf murine sarcoma virus oncogene homolog B (BRAF) gene mutation (V595E) were established and examined V595E-related tumorigenic characteristics in dogs. No typical morphological features were observed in cloned cells with and without V595E. The cell proliferation of both cloned cells showed logarithmic growth curve and those doubling time were 24.9 ± 4.1 h in V595E ( +) and 29.3 ± 11.3 h in V595E ( -). On the growth curve of xenotransplanted tumor in severe combined immunodeficiency mice, 3 out of 5 V595E ( +) and 2 out of 5 V595E ( -) cloned cells revealed gradually and remarkably increasing curve, indicating clearly tumorigenicity. The xenotransplanted tumors with V595E ( +) showed typical features of UC, such as solid proliferation of pleomorphic tumor cells, formation of papillary structure, and glandular structure. Additionally, various vascular formation was observed, probably indicating an advanced growth phase of UC. In mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, cytoplasmic phosphorylated-BRAF (pBRAF) and cytoplasmic and nuclear phosphorylated-ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) were detected in all 4 tumors with V595E ( +), whereas only cytoplasmic and nuclear pERK1/2 was detected in tumors with V595E ( -). Since V595E can directly activate MAPK signaling pathway, coincidence of V595E with pBRAF (phosphor Thr598/Ser601) indicates acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors. These established UC cell lines, especially V595E ( +) cell lines, are useful tool for understanding pathophysiological states and controlling therapeutic manners of UC in dogs.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Transicionales , Enfermedades de los Perros , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria , Animales , Perros , Ratones , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/genética , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/patología , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/veterinaria , Línea Celular/citología , Línea Celular/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral/citología , Línea Celular Tumoral/metabolismo , Enfermedades de los Perros/genética , Enfermedades de los Perros/metabolismo , Mutación/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas B-raf/genética , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/genética , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/patología , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/veterinariaRESUMEN
Osteoarthritis in cats is more prevalent because cats are living longer with advancement in veterinary medicine. Objective evaluation of behavioral changes in cats with osteoarthritis can facilitate an early diagnosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of a novel activity monitor for analyzing physical activities and sleep quality in cats. First, a novel activity monitor (Plus Cycle®; JARMeC, Kanagawa, Japan), with a built-in three-directional accelerometer and an air pressure sensor specifically designed for cats, was compared to a human activity monitor (Actical®; Philips Respironics, OR, USA) previously used in cats (n = 10). Second, the validity of the measurement accuracy of the amount of physical activity, the number of vibrations, the number of jumps, and the resting and sleeping time was evaluated using Plus Cycle® in healthy cats (n = 6). Finally, the effects of gender and age of cats and time of day on the amount of physical activity, the number of vibrations, the number of jumps, and the resting and sleeping time were investigated in client-owned cats (n = 61). There were strong correlations between Plus Cycle® and Actical® in total activity (p < 0.05) and activity intensity (p < 0.05). When the physical activities were measured using Plus Cycle® in healthy cats, those data were quantified with high accuracy. In addition, it was also found to be very accurate in discriminating the resting and sleeping conditions of cats. In client-owned cats, there were no significant differences with respect to gender in any measured traits. The amount of physical activity and the number of jumps significantly decreased with the age of the cat. In contrast, the resting and sleeping times significantly increased with the age of the cat. In conclusion, Plus Cycle® can accurately and objectively assess physical activities and sleep quality with age of the cat, suggesting that this novel activity monitor can be used to manage the feline musculoskeletal health.
Asunto(s)
Monitores de Ejercicio/veterinaria , Monitoreo Fisiológico/veterinaria , Animales , Artritis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Gatos , Gatos , Japón , Monitoreo Fisiológico/instrumentación , Monitoreo Fisiológico/métodos , Descanso , SueñoRESUMEN
A novel cell line of canine medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) was established from the neck mass, diagnosed histopathologically and immunohistochemically as ectopic MTC. The neoplastic cells arranging trabecular structures were characterized as pleomorphic cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and nucleus, containing often clear nucleolus. These tumor cells were immuno-positive for calcitonin gene-related protein (CGRP), somatostatin, and chromogranin A. In addition, 8th passaged cultured cells were also immuno-positive for CGRP, somatostatin, and chromogranin A. The cloned tumor cells showed logarithmic cell growth with a doubling time of 33.3 h. From the results of DNA sequencing of rearranged during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene, the cloned tumor cells had four single base substitution, including exon 5 codon 82, exon 16 codon 750, exon 17 codon 777, and exon 24 codon 1085, all of which were single nucleotide polymorphism reported in RET gene of dogs. After the xenotransplantation into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, the cloned cells showed tumorigenicity potentials. The morphological and immunohistochemical features of the xenotransplanted tumor were almost in conformity with those of the original tumor, including positive immunoreactivity for calcitonin, CGRP, and chromogranin A. To our knowledge, this is the first report of canine MTC cell line, which provides useful in vitro tool for understanding oncogenic mechanism and pathophysiological state of MTC in dogs.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/genética , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/patología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-ret/genética , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/genética , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Péptido Relacionado con Gen de Calcitonina/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Cromogranina A/metabolismo , Perros , Femenino , Ratones , Ratones SCID , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Somatostatina/metabolismo , Trasplante HeterólogoRESUMEN
A large abdominal mass was found in a dog. Histopathologically, the surface of the mass was covered with compressed adrenal gland tissue. The neoplastic cells showed typical features of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), including Antoni type A and type B pattern, and nuclear palisading. Immunohistochemically, these cells were positive for S100 protein, nerve growth factor receptor, nestin and claudin-1. The dog was euthanized because of the developing multiple metastatic lesions. The metastatic cells showed quite similar histopathological and immunohistochemical features as those in the original tumor. Although MPNST can develop at many body sites, this is the first report of MPNST originating from the adrenal gland in a dog.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Neurofibrosarcoma/veterinaria , Animales , Perros , Masculino , Metástasis de la NeoplasiaRESUMEN
Recent studies have demonstrated the benefits of nitric oxide (NO) on myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. It was suggested that NO has a protective effect on myocardial cell through the neurohormonal system. This effect serves to highlight the important role of NO in maintaining the function and form of heart with chronic heart failure. However, there are no known reports about on the effect of prolonged administration of nitrate on pressure over-load heart. This study was conducted to examine the long-term effect of oral nitrate therapy in rats with pressure-overloaded heart. An abdominal aorta constricted (AC) model of pressure-overloaded heart was created in male Wistar rats. Sustained release isosorbide dinitrate (sr-ISDN) (5 mg/kg once a daily) was administered to the rats once a daily for 12 weeks. The animals were euthanized during the study period, and the heart was collected and weighed. Histopathological examination was performed to evaluate the effect of sr-ISDN on myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. The ratio of heart to body weight increased significantly in AC rat and this increase was significantly prevented by sr-ISDN treatment. Histopathological examination showed significant increase in fibrotic area of AC rat compared to sham rat, this increase was inhibited by sr-ISDN treatment. Cardiomyocyte transverse diameter was significantly increased in AC rat compared with sham rat, but this increase tended to decrease by sr-ISDN treatment. In conclusion, intermittent administration with sr-ISDN has mild effect in inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy and marked effect in inhibiting fibrosis due to pressure-overload.
Asunto(s)
Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/tratamiento farmacológico , Dinitrato de Isosorbide/administración & dosificación , Donantes de Óxido Nítrico/administración & dosificación , Administración Oral , Animales , Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Peso Corporal , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Fibrosis Endomiocárdica/patología , Histocitoquímica , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/patología , Masculino , Miocitos Cardíacos/citología , Tamaño de los Órganos , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Recently, it has been reported that intermittent administration of nitrate, with a nitrate-free interval of 10 to 12 hr eliminated expression of tolerance, and maintained its hypotensive effect. In the present study, we evaluated whether nitrate tolerance developed or not with an intermittent administration of sr-ISDN (5 mg/kg/ once a day) in Wistar rats. The effect of this administration protocol for sr-ISDN on the volume overload heart model, aortovenous fistula, was also examined. Furthermore, blood pressure was monitored by radio telemetry during sr-ISDN (5 mg/kg/once a day) administration. Nitrate tolerance did not develop, and eccentric hypertrophy due to volume overload was moderated by sr-ISDN administration. Sr-ISDN administration maintained blood pressure lower level than the placebo group. In conclusion, prolonged intermittent administration of sr-ISDN maintained its hypotensive effect during the entire experiment period, without developing tolerance, and moderated efferent hypertrophy with attenuated volume overload.
Asunto(s)
Fístula Arteriovenosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Resistencia a Medicamentos/fisiología , Dinitrato de Isosorbide/uso terapéutico , Vasodilatadores/uso terapéutico , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Fístula Arteriovenosa/complicaciones , Presión Sanguínea , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/tratamiento farmacológico , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/etiología , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/uso terapéutico , Ecocardiografía , Dinitrato de Isosorbide/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Telemetría , Vasodilatadores/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
A seven-year-old, female, domestic short hair cat was presented with a history of chronic anorexia. Radiographic examination revealed a large space-occupying calcified mass in the abdominal cavity. The mass was located in pylorus and did not extend into the duodenum and surrounding tissues. Billroth I gastroduodenostomy was conducted to remove the mass. Histopathological examination of the mass showed a lymphoma. Although Recovery following the operation was excellent, the patient showed intermittent vomiting unrelated to feeding. Radiographical examination revealed a megaesophagus, which was assumed to be a complication of the Billroth I procedure, since the condition was not observed before the procedure.
Asunto(s)
Anorexia/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Gatos/cirugía , Acalasia del Esófago/veterinaria , Gastroenterostomía/veterinaria , Linfoma/veterinaria , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/veterinaria , Neoplasias Gástricas/veterinaria , Cavidad Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Animales , Anorexia/etiología , Gatos , Acalasia del Esófago/patología , Linfoma/complicaciones , Linfoma/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/patología , Píloro/diagnóstico por imagen , Píloro/patología , Radiografía , Neoplasias Gástricas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
A new valved conduit was developed using a canine aortic valve. The bioprosthetic valve was fixed with glutaraldehyde and epoxy compound (Denacol-EX313/810). A vascular graft composed of ultra-fine polyester fiber (10 mm in diameter, 200 mm in length) was used. Four dogs underwent apico-aortic valved conduit (AAVC) implantation and aortic banding (bypass group, BG), while another 4 dogs underwent aortic banding without AAVC implantation (control group, CG). Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography were performed for assessment of hemodynamics 2 weeks and 6 months after surgery. Left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and the left ventricular-aortic pressure gradient differed significantly (P<0.01) between the BG and CG dogs. Left ventricular angiocardiography showed patency of the valved conduit in all the BG dogs. Echocardiography was performed before and 2, 4 and 6 months after surgery, and showed that while pressure overload caused concentric myocardial hypertrophy in the CG dogs, the left ventricle dilated eccentrically in the BG dogs. Furthermore, relief of left ventricular pressure overload by AAVC was maintained.
Asunto(s)
Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/veterinaria , Bioprótesis/veterinaria , Prótesis Vascular/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Angiocardiografía/veterinaria , Animales , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Presión Sanguínea , Cateterismo Cardíaco/veterinaria , Perros , Ecocardiografía/veterinaria , Resinas Epoxi , Glutaral , Poliésteres , Polipropilenos , ProtaminasRESUMEN
A 4-month-old male French Bulldog weighing 5.0 kg (11 lb) was referred for a heart murmur. A grade 3/6 systolic murmur was detected at the left heart base and a grade 4/6 systolic murmur was detected at the right heart base. By use of color-flow Doppler ultrasonography and cardiac catheterization, a diagnosis of supracristal ventricular septal defect (VSD) with accompanying aortic regurgitation was made. Percutaneous transcatheter coil embolization was used to close the VSD. Because residual shunt was detected via echocardiography after coil implantation, the residual shunt was followed periodically via echocardiography to detect spontaneous closure of the VSD. Volume overload in the left ventricle was detected in the dog 131 days after admission. Additional coils were placed 137 days after admission. Hemolysis resulting in hemoglobinuria was detected, but this complication was mild. In the dog of this report, results of coil occlusion for correction of VSD were promising. Thus, coil occlusion should be considered as an alternative treatment for VSD in dogs.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Embolización Terapéutica/veterinaria , Defectos del Tabique Interventricular/veterinaria , Animales , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Perros , Ecocardiografía Doppler/veterinaria , Embolización Terapéutica/métodos , Defectos del Tabique Interventricular/diagnóstico por imagen , Defectos del Tabique Interventricular/terapia , Masculino , Pronóstico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
In veterinary medicine, dopamine is currently being administered clinically by infusion for treatment of kidney disorders at low doses (< or = 3 microg/kg/min) and for assessment of hemodynamics at high doses (> or = 5 microg/kg/min). However, since high doses of dopamine cause peripheral vasoconstriction due to its effect on alpha adrenoceptors, high doses have no longer been recommended. The present study was conducted to explore possible regimens for the use of dopamine infusion in dogs. The regional (renal and cardiac) blood flow for 60 min was measured by using colored microspheres at three doses (3, 10 and 20 microg/kg/min) of dopamine infusion in healthy anesthetized mongrel dogs. The effects on kidney and peripheral hemodynamics at each dose and the resultant cardiac output, mean arterial blood pressure and total peripheral resistance were determined. Renal blood flow increased markedly at 3 microg/kg/min dopamine. Improvement in hemodynamics indicated by marked increase in cardiac blood flow, cardiac output and mean arterial blood pressure and decreased total peripheral resistance was observed at higher doses (10 and 20 microg/kg/min). At 10 microg/kg/min, in addition to the satisfactory increase in cardiac blood flow, there was also a stable satisfactory increase in renal blood flow. However, at 20 microg/kg/min, increased myocardial oxygen consumption (manifested by marked increased in cardiac output), arrythmia and irregular increase in renal blood flow were detected. This study suggests that the clinical use of dopamine infusion in dogs could be safely expanded to moderately higher doses.
Asunto(s)
Cardiotónicos/farmacología , Circulación Coronaria/efectos de los fármacos , Vasos Coronarios/efectos de los fármacos , Perros/fisiología , Dopamina/farmacología , Riñón/irrigación sanguínea , Circulación Renal/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Gasto Cardíaco/efectos de los fármacos , Dopamina/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Masculino , Microesferas , Resistencia Vascular/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
A three-month-old male Golden Retriever had symptoms including exercise intolerance, dyspnea and syncope and was diagnosed with subvalvular aortic stenosis. Cardiac catheterization revealed a left ventricular-aortic systolic pressure gradient of 90 mm Hg. Surgical correction of the condition was achieved using cardiopulmonary bypass. The subvalvular fibrous lesion was resected through an aortotomy. The stenosis was dilated from 8.5 mm to 12.0 mm in diameter. Postoperatively the dog was asymptomatic. Seven months after surgery, the pressure gradient decreased to 44 mm Hg. However, after another three months, the dog died suddenly without any premonitory signs. Postmortem examination revealed that pathologic changes caused by increased left ventricular pressure overload were not severe.
Asunto(s)
Estenosis Aórtica Subvalvular/veterinaria , Puente Cardiopulmonar/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Animales , Estenosis Aórtica Subvalvular/cirugía , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Perros , Electrocardiografía , Resultado FatalRESUMEN
The goal of the current study was to compare the efficiency of gas exchange and platelet conservation of a new extracapillary blood flow oxygenator versus an endocapillary blood flow oxygenator during open heart surgery with extracorporeal circulation in dogs. Dilation and remodeling of the right ventricular outflow tract of dogs was performed using a patch graft technique to simulate pulmonary stenosis. Sequential pre- and post-operative blood analysis revealed that gas exchange efficiency and platelet conservation was significantly greater with the extracapillary blood flow oxygenator than with the endocapillary blood flow oxygenator. However, the priming volume of the extracapillary blood flow oxygenator was significantly greater, leading to hemodilution. We conclude that while the extracapillary blood flow oxygenator provided benefits in terms of gas exchange and platelet conservation, development of a smaller extracapillary blood flow type oxygenator to reduce hemodilution effects would be beneficial.
Asunto(s)
Plaquetas/citología , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos/veterinaria , Oxígeno/sangre , Oxigenadores/veterinaria , Animales , Análisis de los Gases de la Sangre/veterinaria , Perros , Femenino , MasculinoRESUMEN
A 10-year old male mongrel dog was presented to the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a two-month history of episodic syncope. Twenty-four hr Holter electrocardiographic (ECG) recording revealed frequent episodes of advanced atrioventriculer block with long periods of ventricular asystole. The cause of syncope was determined to be Adams-Stokes syndrome exhibited bradyarrhythmia. After the animal failed to respond to medical therapy, permanent transvenous pacemaker implantation was performed. Postoperative Holter ECG showed 100 beat per min programmed pacemaker rhythm, which indicated successful capture of the artificial pacing. The dog recovered smoothly from the operation and syncopal episodes completely disappeared. Six months after the surgery, no complications were observed and the dog's quality of life has dramatically improved.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Bloqueo Cardíaco/veterinaria , Marcapaso Artificial/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Perros , Electrocardiografía/veterinaria , Bloqueo Cardíaco/diagnóstico , Bloqueo Cardíaco/diagnóstico por imagen , Bloqueo Cardíaco/cirugía , Masculino , Pulso Arterial , Radiografía Torácica/veterinaria , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To compare right atrium incision (RAI) and right ventricular outflow incisions (RVI) for surgical repair of membranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) facilitated by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Dogs (n=10) with VSD. METHODS: Medical records of dogs that had VSD repair were reviewed. Membranous VSD without any malformation and abnormality was confirmed on several clinical examinations and by angiocardiography. RAI (5 dogs) and RVI (5 dogs) was used for VSD access and repair facilitated by CPB. Procedure comparison was by surgical duration, postoperative recovery period, and occurrence of postoperative arrhythmia. RESULTS: Duration of surgery was similar for RAI and RVI; however, postoperative recovery time was significantly reduced with RAI. Significant moderate operative damage occurred with right atrium incision. CONCLUSIONS: Right atrium incision was more effective than RVI for repair of membranous VSD using CPB. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: RAI should be considered in preference to RVI for repair of membranous VSD using CPB.