Research on polycystic ovary syndrome: a bibliometric analysis from 2009 to 2019.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive and endocrine disease. However, there have not been any bibliometric studies on the latest scientific results and research trends of PCOS. This study aimed to review the state of research in PCOS worldwide. Publications on PCOS from 2009 to 2019 were identified and evaluated from the database Web of Science. A total of 7814 articles were retrieved. Shanghai Jiao Tong University published the most articles, with 218 publications. Gynecol Endocrinol had the greatest number of publications (n = 541). J Clin Endocr Metab was cited the most, with a total of 32,207 times. An article written by March et al. in 2010 had the most global citations (737 times) and local citations (463 times). From 2009 to 2019, the number of PCOS global publications gradually increased. Gynecol Endocrinol and Endocr Metab were popular journals for PCOS research. Research trends gradually shifted from treatment and methodology to genetics and basic research. The terms 'microrna,' 'rt qpcr,' 'lncrna,' and 'histological examination' may be hotspots that should be focused on in PCOS research.

SLC2A9 rs1014290 Polymorphism is Associated with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: To investigate the association of the A/G rs1014290 polymorphism in SLC2A9 with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and prediabetes mellitus (pre-DM). Patients and Methods. We enrolled 1058 patients who attended the Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. The patients underwent general testing and oral glucose tolerance tests and were divided into three groups: 352 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM, 358 patients with pre-DM, and 348 healthy controls. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected by ligase detection reactions. The χ 2 test, one-way ANOVA, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the results. Results: In the T2DM group, the GG genotype frequency at the rs1014290 locus was significantly lower (14.8%) than it was in the healthy controls. Furthermore, the GG genotype group was associated with a reduced risk of T2DM in unadjusted and confounder-adjusted models compared with the risk in the AA genotype group. The G allele in the SLC2A9 rs1014290 locus decreased susceptibility to T2DM. In the pre-DM group, the GG and AG genotype groups had no significant correlation with the risk of pre-DM in any of the models. In the T2DM group, the uric acid level was significantly lower in the GG genotype group. In the T2DM and pre-DM groups, the HOMA-ß levels were significantly higher in the GA (P < 0.001) and GG (P < 0.001) genotype groups than it was in the AA genotype group, and HOMA-IR was significantly lower in the GA (P < 0.001) and GG (P < 0.001) genotype groups than it was in the AA genotype group. Conclusion: The A/G (rs1014290) SNP in SLC2A9 is closely related to the occurrence and development of diabetes.

UCP2-866G/A Polymorphism is Associated with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate associations between the genetics of the rs659366 polymorphism of the uncoupling protein-2 gene (UCP2) with prediabetes (pre-DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in a northern Chinese population. METHODS: This case-control study recruited 1476 adults: 470 each with pre-DM or T2DM, and 536 healthy controls. The ligase detection reaction on blood samples from all participants was used to identify polymorphisms. Differences in genotype and allele distributions were compared by the χ2 test and one-way analysis of variance, and a post hoc pairwise analysis was performed using the Tukey test. RESULTS: The frequency of AA (11%) genotypes was significantly higher in pre-DM patients than controls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-2.89, p = 0.008). In the T2DM group, GA (48%) and AA (15%) genotypes were significantly increased compared with the control group (GA: OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.32-2.24, p = 0.001; AA: OR = 3.05, 95% CI = 1.97-4.72, p = 0.001). The frequency of the A allele (control 27%, pre-DM 33% and T2DM 39%) was significantly increased in the pre-DM and T2DM groups compared with the control group, and was significantly associated with an increased risk of pre-DM (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.01-1.74, p = 0.04) and T2DM (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.32-2.24, p = 0.001). Furthermore, insulin levels in the pre-DM and T2DM groups were significantly decreased in those with the AA genotype compared with the GG and GA genotypes. CONCLUSION: UCP2 rs659366 may be involved in the mechanism of insulin secretion and could lead to an increased risk of pre-DM and T2DM.

Resveratrol Upregulates mmu-miR-363-3p via the PI3K-Akt Pathway to Improve Insulin Resistance Induced by a High-Fat Diet in Mice.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate how resveratrol (RSV) improves high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic insulin resistance in mice via microRNA (miRNA) mmu-miR-363-3p in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were fed a HFD for 8 weeks to establish an insulin resistance model. The model mice were treated or not with RSV for 6 weeks. Differential miRNA expression in mouse liver tissues was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. Mouse HepG2 cells were treated with palmitic acid (PA) to establish a cell model of insulin resistance. HepG2 cells were transfected with mmu-miR-363-3p inhibitor or mimic, and the expression of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway-related proteins was analyzed. RESULTS: Based on the high-throughput sequencing analysis, mmu-miR-363-3p was identified as a major miRNA involved in the action of RSV on insulin resistance. Based on KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, PI3K-Akt signaling was found to be significantly enriched among differentially expressed miRNAs, and this pathway is closely related to insulin resistance. RSV treatment reduced the expression of FOXO1 and G6PC, which are downstream of the PI3K-Akt pathway. In the cell model, mmu-miR-363-3p inhibitor significantly suppressed p-Akt and p-PI3K levels, but enhanced those of FOXO1 and G6PC. In contrast, mmu-miR-363-3p mimic significantly enhanced the p-Akt and p-PI3K levels, but suppressed FOXO1 and G6PC expression, which was similar to the effect of RSV. CONCLUSION: RSV improves insulin resistance by upregulating miRNA mmu-miR-363-3p via the PI3K-Akt pathway.

Resveratrol improves high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice by downregulating the lncRNA NONMMUT008655.2.

As essential players in the field of diabetes treatment, resveratrol (RSV) has received much attention in recent years. However, it is unclear whether it can improve insulin resistance by regulating the long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA). The objective of this study was to investigate whether RSV improves high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice by regulating thelncRNANONMMUT008655.2 in vivo and in vitro. To this end, animal and cell insulin resistance models were developed. Specifically, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and administered RSV for eight weeks. Additionally, mouse Hepa cells were treated with palmitic acid, transfected with siRNA NONMMUT008655.2, and treated with RSV. Treated mice and cells were then compared to normal controls that were not exposed to RSV. In the animal model, RSV was found to decrease the levels of fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as the insulin index and area under the curve; while increasing the insulin sensitivity index. Besides, RSV decreased the expression levels of SOCS3, G6PC, and FOXO1 yet increased that of p-Akt and p-FOXO1 in mice. The same results were observed following knockdown of NONMMUT008655.2 in cells. Overall, our results suggest that RSV may improve hepatic insulin resistance and control blood glucose levels by downregulating lncRNA NONMMUT008655.2.

Long non-coding RNA expression profiling following treatment with resveratrol to improve insulin resistance.

Resveratrol (RSV) and long non­coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a role in the treatment of diabetes; however, the mechanism by which resveratrol regulates insulin resistance via lncRNAs is currently unknown. The present study aimed to determine the lncRNA expression level profile in mice following resveratrol treatment to improve insulin resistance using high­throughput sequencing technology. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high­fat diet for 8 weeks to develop an insulin resistance model, followed by treatment with or without RSV for 6 weeks before high­throughput sequencing. Following RSV treatment, 28 and 30 lncRNAs were up­ and downregulated, respectively; eight lncRNAs were randomly selected and evaluated using reverse transcription­quantitative PCR, which showed results consistent with the sequencing analysis. Pathway analysis demonstrated that the insulin signaling pathway enrichment score was the highest, and identified two lncRNAs, NONMMUT058999.2 and NONMMUT051901.2, consistent with the protein­encoding genes SOCS3 and G6PC, respectively. Similar expression level patterns were observed for SOCS3 and G6PC, suggesting that RSV improves insulin resistance by modulating lncRNAs. RSV decreased the expression levels of SOCS3, FOXO1, G6PC and PEPCK in mice. The same results were observed following knockdown of NONMMUT058999.2 in cells. The present study provides a new biomarker or intervention target for RSV in the treatment of diabetes, and a new perspective for understanding the hypoglycemic mechanism of RSV.

The ANGPTL8 rs2278426 (C/T) Polymorphism Is Associated with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in a Han Chinese Population in Hebei Province.

BACKGROUND: Our aim was to investigate the association between the genetics of the angiopoietin protein-like 8 (ANGPTL8) rs2278426 (C/T) polymorphism with prediabetes (pre-DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in a Han Chinese population in Hebei Province, China. METHODS: We enrolled 1,460 participants into this case-control study: healthy controls, n = 524; pre-DM, n = 460; and T2DM: n = 460. Ligase assays on blood samples from all participants were used to identify polymorphisms. Differences in genotype and allele distributions were compared by the chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance, and a post hoc pairwise analysis was performed using the Bonferroni test. The logistic regression technique was adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. RESULTS: The frequency of the TT (10.9%) genotype was significantly higher in pre-DM patients than in controls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.696, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.026-2.802, P=0.039). In the T2DM group, the CT (48%) and TT (15%) genotypes were significantly higher compared with those in the control group (CT : OR = 1.384, 95% CI = 1.013-1.890, P=0.041; TT : OR = 2.530, 95% CI = 1.476-4.334, P=0.001). The frequency of the T allele was significantly higher in the pre-DM (32.8%) and T2DM (39%) groups compared with the control group (26.9%) and was significantly associated with an increased risk of pre-DM (OR = 1.253, 95% CI = 1.017-1.544, P=0.034) and T2DM (OR = 1.518, 95% CI = 1.214-1.897, P=0.001). Furthermore, insulin levels in the pre-DM and T2DM groups were significantly decreased in those with the TT genotype compared with the CC and CT genotypes. CONCLUSION: ANGPTL8 rs2278426 may be involved in the mechanism of insulin secretion and could lead to an increased risk of pre-DM and T2DM.