RESUMEN
General Practitioners (GPs) have an important role to play in recognition of and intervention against childhood obesity in Ireland. Data were collected prospectively on a cohort of children aged 4-14 and their parents (n = 101 pairs) who attended consecutively to a semi-rural group general practice. Parents estimated their child's weight status. Actual weight status was determined for both parent and child using the United States Centres' for Disease Control's BMI-for-age references. 15 (14.9%) of the children and 49 (51.6%) of the parents were overweight or obese. While 71 (95.5%) of normal weight status children were correctly identified, parents showed poor concordance in identifying their children as overweight 2 (18.2%) or obese 0 (0%). BMI was only evidently recorded in the clinical records of 1 out of 15 cases of overweight children identified. With parents failing to recognise childhood obesity, GPs have a responsibility in tackling this problem at a family level.
Asunto(s)
Obesidad/diagnóstico , Obesidad/prevención & control , Padres , Médicos de Familia , Adolescente , Índice de Masa Corporal , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Irlanda/epidemiología , Masculino , Obesidad/epidemiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Población Rural , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Analysis of a portion of Vostok ice core number 5G, which is thought to contain frozen water derived from Lake Vostok, Antarctica (a body of liquid water located beneath about 4 kilometers of glacial ice), revealed between 2 x 10(2) and 3 x 10(2) bacterial cells per milliliter and low concentrations of potential growth nutrients. Lipopolysaccharide (a Gram-negative bacterial cell biomarker) was also detected at concentrations consistent with the cell enumeration data, which suggests a predominance of Gram-negative bacteria. At least a portion of the microbial assemblage was viable, as determined by the respiration of carbon-14-labeled acetate and glucose substrates during incubations at 3 degrees C and 1 atmosphere. These accreted ice data suggest that Lake Vostok may contain viable microorganisms.
Asunto(s)
Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Agua Dulce/microbiología , Bacterias Gramnegativas/aislamiento & purificación , Hielo , Acetatos/metabolismo , Adenosina Trifosfato/análisis , Regiones Antárticas , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Bacterianos , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Biomasa , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Ecosistema , Citometría de Flujo , Glucosa/metabolismo , Bacterias Gramnegativas/fisiología , Lipopolisacáridos/análisis , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Microscopía Fluorescente , Ácidos Nucleicos/metabolismo , Oxidación-Reducción , Microbiología del AguaRESUMEN
Although spigelian hernias are rare, they do not appear to be as uncommon as previously thought. Thirty-one cases, one a bilateral hernia, have been documented over the last ten years at a 350 bed community hospital. Spigelian hernias continue to be misdiagnosed preoperatively, often forgotten in the differential diagnosis, as physical examination is usually of little benefit. In this review younger individuals were more commonly affected than previously expected. Treatment continues to be surgical repair.