RESUMEN
Ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) is the causative agent of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), a serious and often fatal disease that affects cattle and other ruminants. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of OvHV-2 strains circulating in sheep and cattle populations in the Jammu and Kashmir region of India. Screening of 150 sheep and 57 cattle blood samples revealed the presence of the OvHV-2 polymerase (pol) gene in 8.6% of sheep, 10% of apparently healthy cattle, and 29.7% of cattle exhibiting MCF-like symptoms. The full-length glycoprotein B (gB) gene (2800 bp) and an 875 bp internal fragment were successfully amplified, cloned, and sequenced from pol-positive samples. Comparative sequence analysis of the deduced gB amino acid sequences identified seven substitutions at positions 278, 341, 390, 440, 468, 539, and 566 compared to reference strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the gB nucleotide sequences clustered the OvHV-2 strains from this study within the Indian clade, distinct from strains reported in the UK and US. These findings provide insights into the genetic diversity of OvHV-2 strains circulating in Jammu and Kashmir, with the identified mutations potentially influencing virus-host interactions. Further investigations into the functional implications of these mutations are warranted to understand their role in viral pathogenesis and tropism.
Asunto(s)
Variación Genética , Filogenia , Enfermedades de las Ovejas , Animales , Bovinos , Ovinos , India/epidemiología , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/virología , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/virología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Gammaherpesvirinae/genética , Gammaherpesvirinae/aislamiento & purificación , Gammaherpesvirinae/clasificación , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/veterinaria , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/virología , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/epidemiología , Fiebre Catarral Maligna/virología , Fiebre Catarral Maligna/epidemiología , Enfermedades Asintomáticas , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/veterinaria , Epidemiología Molecular , ADN Viral/genéticaRESUMEN
Bovine genital campylobacteriosis caused by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv) is of considerable economic importance to the cattle industry worldwide. Cfv causes syndrome of temporary infertility in female cattle, early embryonic mortality, aberrant oestrus cycles, delayed conception, abortions and poor calving rates. In the present study, a total of 200 samples obtained from vaginal swabs, cervicovaginal mucous (CVM), preputial washes and semen straws were investigated that were obtained from organized cattle farm of MLRI, Manasbal and unorganized sectors. Out of a total of 200 samples, 49 (47·57%) vaginal swabs, 1 (3·33%) preputial wash and 8 (25%) carried out CVM samples were positive for Cfv, whereas none of the semen straws were positive for Cfv. A total of eleven isolates of Cfv were recovered. PFGE (Pulse field gel electrophoresis) analysis revealed four different pulsotypes (I-IV) circulating in the screened farms. A common pulsotype circulating among farms could not be established. Insertion element (ISCfe1), a 233 bp amplicon of Cfv, was sequenced and the sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession no: MK475662).
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Campylobacter/veterinaria , Campylobacter fetus/efectos de los fármacos , Campylobacter/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Animales , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Campylobacter/clasificación , Campylobacter/genética , Campylobacter/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Campylobacter/microbiología , Campylobacter fetus/clasificación , Campylobacter fetus/genética , Campylobacter fetus/aislamiento & purificación , Bovinos , Elementos Transponibles de ADN , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Granjas , Femenino , Genotipo , India , MasculinoRESUMEN
We demonstrate a source of 554 nm pulses with 2.7 ps pulse duration and 1.41 W average power, at a repetition rate of 300 MHz. The yellow-green pulse train is generated from the second harmonic of a 1.11 µm fiber laser source in periodically-poled stoichiometric LiTaO3. A total fundamental power of 2.52 W was used, giving a conversion efficiency of 56%.
RESUMEN
Root canal treatment (RCT) is preferred treatment for mature teeth with irreversible pulpitis. But sometimes it is very difficult to perform due to complex pulpal anatomy and the vitality of tooth is completely lost by this procedure. A new hope has been emerged to consider pulpotomy treatment as an effective treatment in mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis as with the new understanding of pulp biology and recent innovation of bioactive material like MTA. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of MTA pulpotomy for mature third molars with symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis. This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2019 to August 2020. Twenty permanent mandibular third molar teeth with fully developed roots and diagnosed as irreversible pulpitis in 20 patients aged 25-50 years were selected for this study. After informed consent, each tooth was anaesthetized, isolated with dental dam and disinfected with 5% NaOCl before caries excavation; caries was removed, and then, a full pulpotomy was performed. Haemostasis was achieved and MTA (Angelus, Brazil) was placed as the pulpotomy agent over the pulp chamber floor covering the canal orifices and rest of the cavity was sealed with glass-ionomer filling over the set MTA. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was completed at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Descriptive statistics were used to assess outcomes. The recall rate ranged from 90% at 3 months to 85% at 1 year, with an overall 100% clinical and radiographic success during the 3 month and 6 month, and 95% success at the end of 1 year. MTA pulpotomy sustained a good success rate over the 1 year follow-up in mature third molar teeth clinically diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis.
Asunto(s)
Pulpitis , Pulpotomía , Compuestos de Aluminio , Bangladesh , Compuestos de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Combinación de Medicamentos , Humanos , Óxidos , Pulpitis/terapia , Silicatos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Bovine mastitis causes severe economic losses to dairy farmers. Staphylococcus aureus, is one of the most important pathogen implicated in etiology of clinical and subclinical mastitis in bovines. In view of increasing antimicrobial resistance alternatives to antibiotic therapy are much needed. The present decade has witnessed a renewed interest in phage based therapeutics and diagnostics. The present study, describes isolation and characterization of two lytic phages SAJK-IND and MSP against Staphylococcus aureus having a potential to be used in therapy against mastitis. SAJK-IND and MSP phages belonged to Myoviridae and Podoviridae families, respectively. TEM imaging of the two phages revealed an iscosahedral head. MSP phage has a short non contractile tail. SAJK-IND and MSP have a burst size of 44 ± 3 and 25 ± 5 PFU/ infected cell, respectively. SAJK-IND and MSP phages revealed Ì´ 12 and Ì´16 proteins, respectively on SDS-PAGE analysis. The lytic activity of the phages was specific for Staphylococcus aureus. SAJK-IND revealed 100% lytic activity against several strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitis milk samples whereas, MSP had only 40% lytic activity. SAJK-IND phage genome was sequenced, assembled and deposited in Genbank under accession no MG010123.
Asunto(s)
Bacteriófagos , Mastitis Bovina/terapia , Terapia de Fagos/veterinaria , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , Animales , Bacteriófagos/genética , Bacteriófagos/aislamiento & purificación , Bovinos , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida/veterinaria , Femenino , Genoma Viral/genética , India , Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión/veterinaria , Myoviridae/genética , Myoviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Terapia de Fagos/métodos , Podoviridae/genética , Podoviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Proteoma/genética , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/terapia , Proteínas Virales/genética , Proteínas Virales/aislamiento & purificación , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma/veterinariaRESUMEN
Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading bacterial pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis in children. Only a few cases have been described in the world literature about neonatal enterocolitis due to campylobacter and none from Saudi Arabia. We describe six cases of neonatal enterocolitis due to this organism isolated during the period from September 1989 - January 1991 at Suleimania Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All of the patients presented with diarrhea; duration ranging from 1-20 days. Three patients had blood and two had mucus in their stool. In contrast to the findings of other investigators, five neonates presented with fever. One neonate was treated with erythromycin, another received augmentin, and two received other antibiotics because of suspected sepsis. In one patient, previous antibiotics were discontinued and erythromycin was added and two received no antibiotics. Campylobacter infection should be suspected in any neonate presenting with diarrhea accompanied by mucus and blood in the stool.
RESUMEN
We report on a 5-year-old boy with minor anomalies, growth retardation, and developmental delay carrying an extra chromatin material on the terminal band of the long arm of chromosome 6. To determine the origin of this extra material, whole chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used initially. Results showed fully painted 6qs, excluding the possibility of a derivative. However, maternal cytogenetic investigation suggested the presence of a possible half-cryptic balanced translocation that was further assessed using specific subtelomeric FISH probes of chromosome 6. Results showed that the 6q subtelomeric region was translocated on an A-group chromosome that was ultimately characterized, using FISH, as chromosome 2. This illustrates the use of specific subtelomeric regions and the limitations of whole chromosome FISH to identify the origin of a subtle chromosomal abnormality.
Asunto(s)
Cromosomas Humanos Par 2 , Cromosomas Humanos Par 6 , Discapacidad Intelectual/genética , Translocación Genética , Sondas de ADN , Discapacidades del Desarrollo/genética , Humanos , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Lactante , MasculinoRESUMEN
Neurological soft signs (NSS) have been shown to be more prevalent in chronically ill and in acute or never-mediated patients with schizophrenia. If neurological soft signs are trait-like, then NSS scores should be relatively stable over time and should not be related to changes in patients' psychopathology or medication. Chronically hospitalized patients with schizophrenia were rated two or more times over a 5-year period with standard NSS and psychopathology scales. Total NSS scores were highly correlated over time, and changes in NSS scores at two time points were not significantly related to changes in psychopathology scores. Total NSS scores did not change significantly in a subsample rated when they were first treated with a traditional neuroleptic and later with an atypical neuroleptic. The findings suggest total NSS scores may have some characteristics of a trait-like feature in chronically hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.