A novel probiotic strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LC38, isolated from Tunisian camel milk promoting wound healing in Wistar diabetic rats.

Antimicrobial and probiotic properties were sought in Tunisian raw camel milk. One hundred and forty strains were isolated for this purpose. Initially, a screening based on growth kinetics under gastrointestinal tract (GIT) conditions allowed us to select only one strain that showed good resistance to pH 3 and 5% bovine bile. This isolate named LC38 was assayed for its autoaggregation capacity, surface hydrophobicity, antibiotic sensitivity, haemolytic and antimicrobial activities. The findings revealed strain LC38 sensitivity to several antibiotics, no haemolytic activity and antimicrobial activities against six pathogenic bacteria with an inhibition diameter that varies between 28 and 43 mm. Furthermore, this study revealed that this strain had good autoaggregation characteristics after 18 h of incubation and a high surface hydrophobicity that enhanced its adhesion ability to epithelial cells and for biofilm formation. Strain LC38 was submitted to classical identification with API50CH and to 16S rRNA gene sequencing, which revealed that the strain could be allocated to Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Analysis of the structural composition of strain LC38 by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis showed that probiotic suspension contains organic acids (lactic acid, succinic acid and citric acids). The application of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LC38 on wound site in a diabetic rat model enhanced significantly wound healing activity and accelerated the wound closure after 14 days of wound induction. Altogether, these results demonstrated that LC38 isolate from camel milk has a number of promising properties that make it a prominent candidate with strong wound healing potential presumably achieved through its antimicrobial activities.

Antioxidant activities, functional properties, and application of a novel Lepidium sativum polysaccharide in the formulation of cake.

A novel heteropolysaccharide, named cress water soluble polysaccharide (CWSP), was purified from Lepidium sativum seeds. Antioxidant activities and functional properties were characterized thermally using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) results of CWSP were evaluated. The total antioxidant capacity and the metal chelating activities of CWSP at 3 mg/ml were equivalent to 116.34 µg ascorbic acid and 62.57%, respectively. As for the CWSP that was used for the production of cakes, it was thermally stable, and it presented high water (WHC) and oil holding (OHC) capacities and good emulsion properties. The samples were prepared with different levels of CWSP (0.1. 0.3, and 0.5%) and analyzed during 15 days of storage at room temperature. The obtained results indicated that the addition of CWSP had a significant effect on the texture profile, leading to the increase in all parameters in terms of hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, and chewiness. Moreover, the reformulation samples presented higher a* and lower L* and b* than the control sample. The sensory evaluation showed that the formulation of cake with 0.3% of CWSP was the most acceptable. Therefore, CWSP was shown to be a new alternative for improving the quality attributes, indicating potent antioxidant activities on the shelf life during the storage of bakery foods.

Extraction, Characterization, and Structure of a Novel Heteropolysaccharide from Lepidium sativum and Its Effects on Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats.

The present study undertakes the extraction of a novel polysaccharide from Lepidium sativum (PLS) and the determination of its physicochemical composition and antioxidant properties, as well as its potential wound healing activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. This polysaccharide presented a lighter natural color, whose luminosity (L∗), red-green intensity (a∗), and blue-yellow intensity (b∗) were recorded at 63.26, 5.87, and 27.28, respectively. The PLS was structurally characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, UV spectrum, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), nuclear resonance magnetic (NMR), and high-pressure gel filtration chromatography. The FT-IR and UV spectra showed the characteristic band of polysaccharides. According to HPLC, the crude PLS is a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, xylose, and galactose. Results obtained by 1H NMR indicated that PLS consisted of three monosaccharide residues with α and ß anomers. This novel polysaccharide had an average molecular weight of 98.51 kDa and displayed potential antioxidant activities determined through three different assays: scavenging activity against 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, and reducing power. These results strongly support the beneficial effects of the PLS to accelerate wound healing in diabetic rats. Indeed, its application significantly increased wound contraction percentage (98 ± 1.11%) after 14 days of experiment. Furthermore, the histological assessment of the PLS-treated group demonstrated complete reepithelialized wounds by accelerating collagen synthesis. In general, the findings affirmed that PLS is efficient on wound closure in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.