[Combined chemoreflexes of the vertebral arteries zone on the systemic arterial pressure, cerebral and infra-aural blood circulation in the experiment]. / Sochetannye khemorefleksy zony pozvonochnykh arterii na sistemnoe arterial'noe davlenie, tserebral'noe i vnutriushnoe krovoobrashchenie v eksperimente.

OBJECTIVE: To study reflexes coming from the chemoreceptors in the humoral-isolated vertebral artery zone on systemic arterial pressure, cerebral and intra-ear hemodynamics in separate stimulation with angioprotectors. RESULTS: A more pronounced reflex depression of the above-described effectors was caused by Nicergoline, it was less pronounced when using Vinpocetine and Pentoxifylline. Correlation analysis in doing so of the dynamics of arterio-venular coefficient of bulbar conjunctiva vessels and the membrane of the ears labyrinth round window revealed a direct relationship. CONCLUSION: These studies objectivize the therapy of ear labyrinth discirculation with angioprotectives.

External dose reconstruction for the former village of Metlino (Techa River, Russia) based on environmental surveys, luminescence measurements, and radiation transport modelling.

In the first years of its operation, the Mayak Production Association, a facility part of the Soviet nuclear weapons program in the Southern Urals, Russia, discharged large amounts of radioactively contaminated effluent into the nearby Techa River, thus exposing the people living at this river to external and internal radiations. The Techa River Cohort is a cohort intensely studied in epidemiology to investigate the correlation between low-dose radiation and health effects on humans. For the individuals in the cohort, the Techa River Dosimetry System describes the accumulated dose in human organs and tissues. In particular, organ doses from external exposure are derived from estimates of dose rate in air on the Techa River banks which were estimated from measurements and Monte Carlo modelling. Individual doses are calculated in accordance with historical records of individuals' residence histories, observational data of typical lifestyles for different age groups, and age-dependent conversion factors from air kerma to organ dose. The work here describes an experimentally independent assessment of the key input parameter of the dosimetry system, the integral air kerma, for the former village of Metlino, upper Techa River region. The aim of this work was thus to validate the Techa River Dosimetry System for the location of Metlino in an independent approach. Dose reconstruction based on dose measurements in bricks from a church tower and Monte Carlo calculations was used to model the historic air kerma accumulated in the time from 1949 to 1956 at the shoreline of the Techa River in Metlino. Main issues are caused by a change in the landscape after the evacuation of the village in 1956. Based on measurements and published information and data, two separate models for the historic pre-evacuation geometry and for the current geometry of Metlino were created. Using both models, a value for the air kerma was reconstructed, which agrees with that obtained in the Techa River Dosimetry System within a factor of two.

[Diagnosis and treatment strategy of malignant pleural effusions in outpatient conditions].

According to results of the study, which included 52 patients with malignant pleural effusion of unknown etiology, it could be concluded that the method of choice in differential diagnosis of pleural effusion is the immunocytochemistry as the most informative method (efficacy 94,2%). Based on own experience of treatment of 137 patients with recurrent malignant pleural effusions, we can say that the first stage of treatment of pleural effusions is carrying out pleurodesis in outpatient conditions. The choice of pleurodesis method, first of all, depends on the aggressiveness of tumor pleurisy: in a case of daily exudation till 300 ml we choose talc pleurodesis, from 300 to 700--bleomycin pleurodesis, more than 700--combined (talc and bleomycin pleurodesis). The overall efficiency of produced pleurodesis is 64.5%.

Shape coexistence in the neutron-deficient even-even (182-188)Hg isotopes studied via coulomb excitation.

Coulomb-excitation experiments to study electromagnetic properties of radioactive even-even Hg isotopes were performed with 2.85 MeV/nucleon mercury beams from REX-ISOLDE. Magnitudes and relative signs of the reduced E2 matrix elements that couple the ground state and low-lying excited states in Hg182-188 were extracted. Information on the deformation of the ground and the first excited 0+ states was deduced using the quadrupole sum rules approach. Results show that the ground state is slightly deformed and of oblate nature, while a larger deformation for the excited 0+ state was noted in Hg182,184. The results are compared to beyond mean field and interacting-boson based models and interpreted within a two-state mixing model. Partial agreement with the model calculations was obtained. The presence of two different structures in the light even-mass mercury isotopes that coexist at low excitation energy is firmly established.

Active microwave pulse compressor using an electron-beam triggered switch.

A high-power active microwave pulse compressor is described that operates by modulating the quality factor of an energy storage cavity by means of mode conversion controlled by a triggered electron-beam discharge across a switch cavity. This Letter describes the principle of operation, the design of the switch cavity, the configuration used for the tests, and the experimental results. The pulse compressor produced output pulses with 140-165 MW peak power, record peak power gains of 16∶1-20∶1, and FWHM pulse duration of 16-20 ns at a frequency of 11.43 GHz.

[2D digitizing of plant cell areolation by polarized light microscopy].

An algoriphm for plant parenchimal cell delineation is developed. It works with digital photos made by polarized light microscope and allows digitize many parameter of each cell thus providing a lot of data characterizing plant tissue. Examples are given for unisratose lamina of leaves of two closely related moss species. Plagiomnium elatum and P. medium. We demonstrate a comparison of dimensional patterns in leaves and ability of formalization of such a structural character as arrangement of cells in oblique rows.

New type of asymmetric fission in proton-rich nuclei.

A very exotic process of ß-delayed fission of 180Tl is studied in detail by using resonant laser ionization with subsequent mass separation at ISOLDE (CERN). In contrast to common expectations, the fission-fragment mass distribution of the post-ß-decay daughter nucleus 180Hg (N/Z=1.25) is asymmetric. This asymmetry is more surprising since a mass-symmetric split of this extremely neutron-deficient nucleus would lead to two 90Zr fragments, with magic N=50 and semimagic Z=40. This is a new type of asymmetric fission, not caused by large shell effects related to fragment magic proton and neutron numbers, as observed in the actinide region. The newly measured branching ratio for ß-delayed fission of 180Tl is 3.6(7) × 10(-3)%, approximately 2 orders of magnitude larger than in an earlier study.

Luminescence dosimetry for evaluation of the external exposure in Metlino, upper Techa River valley, due to the shore of the Metlinsky Pond: A feasibility study.

Luminescence dosimetry was performed using bricks from the former settlement of Metlino, Southern Urals, Russia, to investigate the feasibility of validating the Techa River Dosimetry System (TRDS) 2016 for the shore of the Metlinsky Pond, upper Techa River region. TRDS is a code for estimating external and internal doses for members of the Extended Techa River Cohort. Several brick samples were taken from the north-western wall of the granary, facing the Metlinsky Pond. Samples were measured at different heights and at different depths into the bricks. Dating of the granary was performed by analyzing well shielded bricks. Assessment of the gamma dose-rate at the sample positions was done by thermoluminescent dosimeters and the dose-rate in front of the granary mapped with a dose-rate meter. Anthropogenic doses in bricks vary from 0.8 to 1.7 Gy and show an increase with sampling height. A similar height profile is observed for the current gamma dose-rate, which is compatible with the results of the dose-rate mapping. Implications for validating the TRDS are discussed.

Autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome (Gardner-Diamond syndrome): review of the literature.

A review of the literature concerning psychogenic purpura is presented. The diagnosis is usually based on typical anamnestic data, clinical presentation (painful inflammatory skin lesions, which progressed to ecchymoses during the next 24 h) and positive diagnostic tests with intracutaneous injections of 80% solution of washed autologous erythrocytes. No pathological findings of blood coagulation parameters are usually detected. Histopathological evaluations of lesional biopsies revealed non-specific changes. Taking into account the high frequency of psychic disorders and stress dependence of skin symptoms, therapy with psychotropic drugs (according to indications) and psychotherapy are pathogenetically grounded methods of treatment in psychogenic purpura, and should be provided together with symptomatic therapy.

Origin of coupling to antisymmetric modes in arc-induced long-period fiber gratings.

We study the origin of antisymmetric perturbation of the fiber in arc-induced long-period gratings that couple the core mode into the antisymmetric cladding modes. We demonstrate that this perturbation is caused by the temperature gradient in the fiber, which is induced, in turn, by the temperature gradient in the arc discharge. The reproducibility of the process of the grating inscription is higher when the fiber is placed in a region with larger temperature gradient.

Collimated detector technique for measuring a 137Cs deposit in soil under a clean protected layer.

A method to determine the 137Cs soil deposit in situ where the contamination is covered by a clean soil layer is described. The method is based on measurements of the count rates in three energy ranges by a collimated spectrum sensitive detector and their processing. The deposit determination accuracy is 20%. The measurement results are presented and compared with data from soil sampling. The 137Cs contamination maps of areas in Belarus and the Chelyabinsk region of Russia are presented. Measurements of the river Techa bank contamination detected the presence of secondary contamination. This method permits the change of dose rate after land decontamination and the work needed for decontamination and its efficiency to be predicted.

A comparative study of the effect of halothane, isoflurane and propofol on partial arterial oxygen pressure during one-lung ventilation in thoracic surgery.

BACKGROUND: Conducting one lung ventilation (OLV) in thoracic surgery highlights the issue of the onset (prevention and treatment) of clinically significant arrhythmogenic hypoxemia. The halogenated volatile anaesthetics are the drugs of choice in thoracic surgery despite the numerous experimental data showing their inhibiting effect on the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). The intravenous anaesthetic agent propofol has not been shown to influence this reflex mechanism. The object of the present study was to compare in clinical conditions the arterial oxygenation in patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic procedures, requiring a period of one lung ventilation during general anaesthesia with volatile anaesthetics halothane, isoflurane and total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol/fentanyl. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 45 patients divided in three groups consisting of 15 anaesthetized subjects each: group A--halothane; group B--isoflurane and group C--propofol/fentanyl. Arterial blood samples for blood-gas analysis were taken as follows: first probe (T1)--after two lung ventilation (TLV) was maintained for 15 min., second probe (T2)--after 45 min. of stable OLV and the third probe (T3)--during wound closure. The changes in PaO2 were statistically analyzed using the methods of descriptive and dispersion analyses. RESULTS: A significant decrease in PaO2 during stable OLV compared with TLV (P < 0.05) was found in patients of all three groups. There was no significant difference in PaO2 between the subjects in the three groups during respective regimens of ventilation. CONCLUSION: TIVA with propofol/fentanyl can be successfully applied in thoracic surgery as an alternative of general anaesthesia with halogenated volatile anaesthetics.

[The characteristics of the circadian motor activity of sturgeons and their hybrids studied by a motion picture-TV method]. / Izuchenie osobennostei sutochnoi dvigatel'noi aktivnosti osetrovykh ryb i ikh gibridov kinotelevizionnym metodom.

Technique of slow-motion shot was used for simultaneous automatic recording of behaviour of sturgeon species Acipenser nudiventris and its hybrid with white sturgeon, Huso huso. The hybrids and the individuals of the paternal species were placed in two separate aquaria under the conditions of constant light. Cinematographic recording was performed each hour throughout 3 days during 30 s per hour. Significant differences between two kinds of sturgeons were found in the locomotor activity, trajectory of swimming, the average value and circadian rhythm of the swimming speed. The hybrid individuals swim faster and display a high peak of night activity. This puts them close to the maternal species, white sturgeon, and gives evidence of the maternal inheritance of these traits.

[Skin microbiocenosis in patient with chronic dermatoses]. / Mikrotsenoz kozhi bol'nykh khronicheskimi dermatozami.

The skin microflora of patients with chronic dermatoses (atopic dermatitis and psoriasis) have been studied by the original "Bactotests" method. The data thus obtained indicate that the clinical picture of the disease is related to the severity of skin dysbacteriosis. The electron-microscopic study of 2 staphylococcal strains isolated from patients has revealed the presence of the immunoglobulin cover (capsule-like outer sheath consisting of immunoglobulins and other humoral protective factors) on the cell wall of these bacteria.

[Simple methods of isolation of mitochondrial DNA in vertebrates]. / Prostye metody vydeleniia mitokhondrial'noi DNK pozvonochnykh zhivotnykh.

Two rapid and simple methods for isolating DNA from certain species of vertebrates are approbated. The both methods exclude the stage of centrifugation in the gradient of cesium chloride. The isolated DNA is hydrolyzed specifically by restricted endonucleases. Applicability of the mentioned methods is shown.

[Biochemical markers of muscle tissue during regenerative processes in newts and annelid worms]. / Biokhimichni markery m'iazevoï tkanyny za reheneratsiinykh protsesiv u tritoniv ta kil'chastykh cherv'iakiv.

The biochemical markers of muscle tissue (creatine- and pyruvate-kinase activities and myosin chains maintenance) have been studied at different stages of regeneration process in newt and annelid worms. The enzymes' activity and myosin chains maintenance decrease at the stage of dedifferentiation and return to the standard under redifferentiation of regenerating sites. In some cases the increase of the enzyme activity during redifferentiation is remarked. The results obtained are compared with data about changes of the biochemical markers during embryogenesis and post-embryogenesis. The community of the mechanisms of differentiation and embryogenesis is discussed.

[Comparative analysis of combined and complex methods of the treatment of stage IIIb breast cancer]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz metodov kombinirovannogo i kompleksnogo lecheniia raka molochnoi zhelezy IIIb stadii.

Results of treatment of 433 patients with stage IIIb breast cancer were analysed. Large-fraction radiation treatment and combination chemotherapy followed by surgery proved superior to standard fraction irradiation plus surgery for the initial treatment of stage IIIb breast cancer.

[Role of herpes simplex virus in the development of exudative erythema multiforme]. / Rol' virusa prostogo gerpesa v razvitii mnogoformnoi ékssudativnoi éritemy.

The paper presents analysis of current knowledge on etiology and immunopathogenesis of multiform exudative erythema (MEE). Among a variety of pathogenetic actions of herpes simplex on immune system are those relevant to MEE onset. These variants are dealt with in detail. The view on MEE as resultant from herpes simplex infection promises appearance of new prospective modes of etiotropic therapy.