RESUMEN
A series of potent ALK5 inhibitors were designed using a SBDD approach and subsequently optimized to improve drug likeness. Starting with a 4-substituted quinoline screening hit, SAR was conducted using a ALK5 binding model to understand the binding site and optimize activity. The resulting inhibitors displayed excellent potency but were limited by high in vitro clearance in rat and human microsomes. Using a scaffold morphing strategy, these analogs were transformed into a related pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine series with improved ADME properties.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/química , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Piridinas/química , Piridinas/farmacología , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Transformadores beta/antagonistas & inhibidores , Línea Celular , Humanos , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/síntesis química , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/metabolismo , Pirazoles/síntesis química , Pirazoles/química , Pirazoles/farmacología , Piridinas/síntesis química , Receptor Tipo I de Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Transformadores beta/metabolismoRESUMEN
Using SBDD, a series of 4-amino-7-azaindoles were discovered as a novel class of Alk5 inhibitors that are potent in both Alk5 enzymatic and cellular assays. Subsequently a ring cyclization strategy was utilized to improve ADME properties leading to the discovery of a series of 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2(3H)-one drug like Alk5 inhibitors.
Asunto(s)
Diseño de Fármacos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Indoles/síntesis química , Indoles/farmacología , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Transformadores beta/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Ciclización , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Estructura Molecular , Pirimidinas/química , Pirroles/química , Ratas , Receptor Tipo I de Factor de Crecimiento Transformador betaRESUMEN
Structure based drug design of a series of novel 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derived PARP-1 inhibitors are described. The synthesis, enzymatic & cellular activities and pharmacodynamic effects are described. Optimized analogs demonstrated inhibition of poly-ADP-ribosylation in SW620 tumor bearing nude mice through 24h following a single dose.
Asunto(s)
Benzoxazinas/química , Benzoxazinas/farmacología , Diseño de Fármacos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Inhibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/química , Humanos , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Estructura MolecularRESUMEN
The discovery of 5,5'- and 6,6'-dialkyl-5,6-dihydro-1H-pyridin-2-ones as potent inhibitors of the HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) is described. Several of these agents also display potent antiviral activity in cell culture experiments (EC50 <0.10 microM). In vitro DMPK data for selected compounds as well as crystal structures of representative inhibitors complexed with the NS5B protein are also disclosed.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/química , Hepacivirus/enzimología , Piridonas/química , ARN Polimerasa Dependiente del ARN/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/metabolismo , Animales , Antivirales/síntesis química , Antivirales/farmacología , Sitios de Unión , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Humanos , Macaca fascicularis , Microsomas Hepáticos/metabolismo , Piridonas/síntesis química , Piridonas/farmacología , ARN Polimerasa Dependiente del ARN/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
5,6-Dihydro-1H-pyridin-2-one analogs were discovered as a novel class of inhibitors of genotype 1 HCV NS5B polymerase. Among these, compound 4ad displayed potent inhibitory activities in biochemical and replicon assays (IC(50) (1b)<10nM; IC(50) (1a)<25nM, EC(50) (1b)=16nM), good in vitro DMPK properties, as well as moderate oral bioavailability in monkeys (F=24%).
Asunto(s)
ARN Polimerasas Dirigidas por ADN/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Piridonas/farmacología , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Administración Oral , Animales , Disponibilidad Biológica , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacocinética , Haplorrinos , Piridonas/administración & dosificación , Piridonas/química , Piridonas/farmacocinética , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
A novel series of non-nucleoside small molecules containing a tricyclic dihydropyridinone structural motif was identified as potent HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitors. Driven by structure-based design and building on our previous efforts in related series of molecules, we undertook extensive SAR studies, in which we identified a number of metabolically stable and very potent compounds in genotype 1a and 1b replicon assays. This work culminated in the discovery of several inhibitors, which combined potent in vitro antiviral activity against both 1a and 1b genotypes, metabolic stability, good oral bioavailability, and high C(12) (PO)/EC(50) ratios.
Asunto(s)
Disponibilidad Biológica , Diseño de Fármacos , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Antivirales/farmacocinética , Química Farmacéutica , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Genotipo , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Hepatitis C , Estructura Molecular , ARN Polimerasa Dependiente del ARN , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
5-Hydroxy-3(2H)-pyridazinone derivatives were investigated as potent inhibitors of genotype 1 HCV NS5B polymerase focusing on the optimization of their drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) profiles. This investigation led to the discovery of potent inhibitors with improved DMPK properties.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/síntesis química , Antivirales/farmacocinética , Hepacivirus/enzimología , Piridazinas/síntesis química , Piridazinas/farmacocinética , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Administración Oral , Animales , Antivirales/química , Técnicas Químicas Combinatorias , Diseño de Fármacos , Haplorrinos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Modelos Moleculares , Estructura Molecular , Piridazinas/química , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
The synthesis of 4-(1',1'-dioxo-1',4'-dihydro-1'lambda(6)-benzo[1',2',4']thiadiazin-3'-yl)-5-hydroxy-2H-pyridazin-3-ones bearing 6-amino substituents as potent inhibitors of the HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) is described. Several of these agents also display potent antiviral activity in cell culture experiments (EC(50)<0.10 microM). In vitro DMPK data (microsome t(1/2), Caco-2 P(app)) for many of the compounds are also disclosed, and a crystal structure of a representative inhibitor complexed with the NS5B protein is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/síntesis química , Química Farmacéutica/métodos , Óxidos S-Cíclicos/síntesis química , Piridazinas/química , Piridazinas/síntesis química , Tiadiazinas/síntesis química , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/química , Antivirales/farmacología , Células CACO-2 , Cristalografía por Rayos X/métodos , Óxidos S-Cíclicos/farmacología , ARN Polimerasas Dirigidas por ADN/química , Diseño de Fármacos , Genotipo , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Microsomas/metabolismo , Modelos Químicos , Conformación Molecular , Piridazinas/farmacología , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Tiadiazinas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Hexahydro-pyrrolo- and hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one analogs were discovered as a novel class of inhibitors of genotype 1 HCV NS5B polymerase. Among these, compound 4c displayed potent inhibitory activities in biochemical and replicon assays (IC(50) (1b) <10 nM; EC(50) (1b)=34 nM) as well as good stability towards human liver microsomes (HLM t(1/2) =59 min).
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/síntesis química , Antivirales/farmacología , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Microsomas Hepáticos/efectos de los fármacos , Piridazinas/síntesis química , Piridazinas/farmacología , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Antivirales/química , Técnicas Químicas Combinatorias , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Diseño de Fármacos , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Piridazinas/química , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
5-Hydroxy-3(2H)-pyridazinone derivatives were investigated as inhibitors of genotype 1 HCV NS5B polymerase. Lead optimization led to the discovery of compound 3a, which displayed potent inhibitory activities in biochemical and replicon assays [IC(50) (1b)<10nM; IC(50) (1a)=22 nM; EC(50) (1b)=5nM], good stability toward human liver microsomes (HLM t(1/2)>60 min), and high ratios of liver to plasma concentrations 12h after a single oral administration to rats.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/síntesis química , Antivirales/farmacocinética , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Piridazinas/síntesis química , Piridazinas/farmacocinética , ARN Polimerasa Dependiente del ARN/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Administración Oral , Animales , Antivirales/sangre , Antivirales/química , Técnicas Químicas Combinatorias , Diseño de Fármacos , Humanos , Microsomas Hepáticos/efectos de los fármacos , Estructura Molecular , Piridazinas/sangre , Piridazinas/química , Ratas , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
Pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one analogs were discovered as a novel class of inhibitors of genotype 1 HCV NS5B polymerase. Structure-based design led to the discovery of compound 3 k, which displayed potent inhibitory activities in biochemical and replicon assays (IC(50) (1b)<10nM; EC(50) (1b)=12 nM) as well as good stability towards human liver microsomes (HLM t(1/2)>60 min).
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/farmacología , Piridazinas/farmacología , Pirroles/farmacología , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Antivirales/síntesis química , Antivirales/química , Sitios de Unión/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Humanos , Enlace de Hidrógeno , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Modelos Moleculares , Estructura Molecular , Piridazinas/síntesis química , Piridazinas/química , Pirroles/síntesis química , Pirroles/química , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/químicaRESUMEN
4-(1,1-Dioxo-1,4-dihydro-1lambda(6)-benzo[1,4]thiazin-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2H-pyridazin-3-one analogs were discovered as a novel class of inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase. Structure-based design led to the identification of compound 3a that displayed potent inhibitory activities in biochemical and replicon assays (1b IC(50)<10 nM; 1b EC(50)=1.1 nM) as well as good stability toward human liver microsomes (HLM t(1/2)>60 min).
Asunto(s)
Química Farmacéutica/métodos , Hepacivirus/enzimología , Microsomas Hepáticos/enzimología , Piridazinas/síntesis química , Piridazinas/farmacología , Tiazinas/síntesis química , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/química , Células CACO-2 , Cristalografía por Rayos X/métodos , Diseño de Fármacos , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Modelos Químicos , Conformación Molecular , Piridazinas/química , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Tiazinas/química , Tiazinas/farmacología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Receptor tyrosine kinase therapies have proven to be efficacious in specific cancer patient populations; however, a significant limitation of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment is the emergence of resistance mechanisms leading to a transient, partial, or complete lack of response. Combination therapies using agents with synergistic activity have potential to improve response and reduce acquired resistance. Chemoreagent or TKI treatment can lead to increased expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and/or MET, and this effect correlates with increased metastasis and poor prognosis. Despite MET's role in resistance and cancer biology, MET TKI monotherapy has yielded disappointing clinical responses. In this study, we describe the biological activity of a selective, oral MET TKI with slow off-rate and its synergistic antitumor effects when combined with an anti-HGF antibody. We evaluated the combined action of simultaneously neutralizing HGF ligand and inhibiting MET kinase activity in two cancer xenograft models that exhibit autocrine HGF/MET activation. The combination therapy results in additive antitumor activity in KP4 pancreatic tumors and synergistic activity in U-87MG glioblastoma tumors. Pharmacodynamic characterization of biomarkers that correlate with combination synergy reveal that monotherapies induce an increase in the total MET protein, whereas combination therapy significantly reduces total MET protein levels and phosphorylation of 4E-BP1. These results hold promise that dual targeting of HGF and MET by combining extracellular ligand inhibitors with intracellular MET TKIs could be an effective intervention strategy for cancer patients who have acquired resistance that is dependent on total MET protein. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(7); 1269-78. ©2017 AACR.
Asunto(s)
Glioblastoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/genética , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/administración & dosificación , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-met/genética , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequeñas/administración & dosificación , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Animales , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/genética , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Glioblastoma/genética , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/antagonistas & inhibidores , Humanos , Ratones , Fosfoproteínas/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-met/antagonistas & inhibidores , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
Trelagliptin (SYR-472), a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, shows sustained efficacy by once-weekly dosing in type 2 diabetes patients. In this study, we characterized in vitro properties of trelagliptin, which exhibited approximately 4- and 12-fold more potent inhibition against human dipeptidyl peptidase-4 than alogliptin and sitagliptin, respectively, and >10,000-fold selectivity over related proteases including dipeptidyl peptidase-8 and dipeptidyl peptidase-9. Kinetic analysis revealed reversible, competitive and slow-binding inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 by trelagliptin (t1/2 for dissociation ≈ 30 minutes). X-ray diffraction data indicated a non-covalent interaction between dipeptidyl peptidase and trelagliptin. Taken together, potent dipeptidyl peptidase inhibition may partially contribute to sustained efficacy of trelagliptin.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/enzimología , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/uso terapéutico , Uracilo/análogos & derivados , Animales , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Dipeptidil Peptidasa 4/química , Dipeptidil Peptidasa 4/metabolismo , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/farmacología , Perros , Humanos , Masculino , Piperidinas/farmacología , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Fosfato de Sitagliptina/farmacología , Especificidad por Sustrato/efectos de los fármacos , Factores de Tiempo , Uracilo/farmacología , Uracilo/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Catechol O-methyl transferase belongs to the diverse family of S-adenosyl-l-methionine transferases. It is a target involved in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Here we present a fragment-based screening approach to discover noncatechol derived COMT inhibitors which bind at the SAM binding pocket. We describe the identification and characterization of a series of highly ligand efficient SAM competitive bisaryl fragments (LE = 0.33-0.58). We also present the first SAM-competitive small-molecule COMT co-complex crystal structure.