[FLT3-ITD mutation-positive acute myeloid leukemia undergoing clonal transition with PTPN11 mutation at relapse].

A 28-year-old man was diagnosed with acute myelomonocytic leukemia. He achieved complete remission (CR) after two cycles of induction therapy. However, after consolidation therapy, bone marrow aspiration performed to prepare for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation revealed disease relapse. Companion diagnostics confirmed the presence of the FLT3-ITD mutation. The patient received gilteritinib monotherapy and achieved CR. Subsequently, he underwent unrelated allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. One year after transplantation, the patient relapsed, and gilteritinib was resumed. However, the leukemia progressed, and panel sequencing using a next-generation sequencer showed that the FLT3-ITD mutation disappeared. A mutation in PTPN11, which regulates the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway, was also detected. Gilteritinib was discontinued, and the patient achieved CR with salvage chemotherapy. He underwent related haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation but died of relapse. This was a case in which genetic analysis revealed clonal transition and acquisition of resistance to treatment.

[Ruptured mycotic cerebral aneurysm in an adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma patient undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation].

A 63-year-old man with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-matched unrelated donor. On day 17 after transplantation, chest computed tomography (CT) showed nodules in the lower lobes of both lungs, and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) was suspected. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B was started, and improvement of infectious lesions was confirmed with CT on day 28. The antifungal agent was changed to voriconazole on day 52 because of progressive renal dysfunction. Disorders of consciousness and paralysis of the left upper and lower extremities developed on day 61. Brain CT showed subcortical hemorrhage in the right parietal and occipital lobes, and the patient died on day 62. An autopsy revealed filamentous fungi, suspected to be Aspergillus, in the pulmonary nodules and a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Although IPA occurs in 10% of transplant recipients, vigilant monitoring for mycotic cerebral aneurysms is required to prevent hematogenous dissemination of Aspergillus, which is associated with a high mortality rate.

Phase I trial of myeloablative conditioning with 3-day total marrow and lymphoid irradiation for leukemia.

This prospective phase I trial aimed to determine the recommended dose of 3-day total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) for a myeloablative conditioning regimen by increasing the dose per fraction. The primary end-point of this single-institution dose escalation study was the recommended TMLI dose based on the frequency of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) ≤100 days posthematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT); a 3 + 3 design was used to evaluate the safety of TMLI. Three dose levels of TMLI (14/16/18 Gy in six fractions over 3 days) were set. The treatment protocol began at 14 Gy. Dose-limiting toxicities were defined as grade 3 or 4 nonhematological toxicities. Nine patients, with a median age of 42 years (range, 35-48), eight with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and one with chronic myeloblastic leukemia, received TMLI followed by unrelated bone marrow transplant. The median follow-up period after HSCT was 575 days (range, 253-1037). Three patients were enrolled for each dose level. No patient showed DLT within 100 days of HSCT. The recommended dose of 3-day TMLI was 18 Gy in six fractions. All patients achieved neutrophil engraftment at a median of 19 days (range, 14-25). One-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 83.3% and 57.1%, respectively. Three patients experienced relapse, and no nonrelapse mortality was documented during the observation period. One patient died due to disease relapse 306 days post-HSCT. The recommended dose of 3-day TMLI was 18 Gy in six fractions. The efficacy evaluation of this regimen is currently being planned in a phase II study.

Coordination of Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes to One Vacant Site in an α-Keggin-Type Polyoxotungstate.

A palladium-platinum bimetal complex containing a mono-lacunary α-Keggin-type polyoxotungstate is demonstrated. The bimetallic complex Cs2.5{PdII(bpy)}0.25[α-PW11O39{PdII(bpy)}{cis-PtII(NH3)2}]·12H2O·2CH3CN (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) (PdPt) was synthesized by the reaction of Cs4.9K0.1[α-PW11O39{cis-PtII(NH3)2}]·10H2O (Pt1) with PdII(bpy)Cl2 in aqueous solution. The compound PdPt was characterized via elemental analysis, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet-visible, cold-spray ionization mass, and solution (1H, 13C, and 31P) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. The coordination of {cis-PtII(NH3)2} and {PdII(bpy)} moieties to the mono-vacant site of [PW11O39]7- resulted in an asymmetric, monomeric compound. A unique exchange reaction between the counter cation [PdII(bpy)]2+ and {cis-PtII(NH3)2} moiety in [α-PW11O39{PdII(bpy)}{cis-PtII(NH3)2}]3- in a dimethylsulfoxide solution was also observed.

[Validation Study on Migration Test for Plastic Food Utensils, Containers, and Packaging].

Migration test of food utensils, containers, and packaging is an important test method for confirming the safety and their compliance to the standards. However, there is little report on inter-laboratory study which was performed to evaluate the entire migration test, including migration operations and quantification. An interlaboratory study was performed participating 22 laboratories using 8 types of model synthetic resin samples containing 10 substances with a wide range of Log Pow values to evaluate the accuracy of the entire migration test. As a result, most of HorRat (r) values met the target criteria (0.3

[Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for graft failure in myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm-unclassifiable complicated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia].

A 60-year-old woman with myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm-unclassifiable underwent unrelated bone marrow transplantation from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) 8/8 allele-matched male donor. Neutrophil engraftment was achieved on day 29. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of sex chromosomes demonstrated complete donor chimerism. The red blood cell and platelet transfusion dependence continued, and the neutrophil count decreased gradually. Despite prolonged administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics for febrile neutropenia, blood cultures on days 46 and 58 returned positive for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SM). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed multiple nodules of septic emboli in the lungs and kidneys, suggesting a disseminated SM infection. Antibiotic therapy was conducted based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing. However, the blood cell count failed to normalize and a secondary graft failure was diagnosed. A HLA-haploidentical peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation from the patient's son was performed on day 134 after the initial transplantation. Neutrophil engraftment was achieved on day 11. Red blood cells and platelets were also engrafted. After the resolution of the SM bacteremia, the patient was discharged on day 63. The prognosis of the SM bacteremia with neutropenia is poor. Antibiotic treatment based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing and a second transplant from an HLA-haploidentical donor likely contributed to the successful outcome in this patient.

[Tisagenlecleucel for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: real-world data from single institute experience].

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the approach to patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL). This study retrospectively analyzed patients treated with commercially available tisagenlecleucel at our hospital and evaluated its safety and effectiveness. Of the 21 patients evaluated, any grade and grade ≥3 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred in 85.7% and 9.5% of the patients, respectively. A total of 66.7% received tocilizumab and 28.6% received glucocorticoids for the treatment of CRS. The complete response (CR) rate at 3 months was 61.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 38.4-81.9). After a median follow-up of 6.3 months following CAR-T infusion, the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates at 6 months were 53.1% (95%CI 28.3-72.7) and 69.2% (95%CI 43.7-84.9), respectively. Severe cytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia occurred frequently following CAR-T infusion. Eight patients (38.1%) had comorbidities that would have made them ineligible for leukapheresis in the JULIET trial. However, the presence of comorbidities at the time of leukapheresis had no significant effect on the rates of CR, PFS, and adverse events. Tisagenlecleucel for r/r DLBCL in the real-world setting showed high efficacy and manageable safety profile comparable with the pivotal trial.

Syntheses and molecular structures of monomeric and hydrogen-bonded dimeric Dawson-type trialuminum-substituted polyoxotungstates derived under acidic and basic conditions.

The syntheses and molecular structures of the two types of α-Dawson-type trialuminum-substituted polyoxometalates, [B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH2)}3](6-) (1) and [B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH)}2{Al(OH2)}]2(16-) (2), are described herein. The potassium and cesium salts of 1, K6[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH2)}3]·14H2O (K-1), and Cs6[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH2)}3]·13H2O (Cs-1) were formed by a stoichiometric reaction in water of trilacunary α-Dawson polyoxotungstate with aluminum nitrate under acidic conditions (pH ∼3). The potassium/sodium and tetramethylammonium/sodium salts of 2, K14Na2[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH)}2{Al(OH2)}]2·30H2O (KNa-2) and [(CH3)4N]14Na2[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH)}2{Al(OH2)}]2·39H2O (TMANa-2) were obtained under basic conditions (pH ∼9). These compounds were characterized by X-ray structure analyses, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyses, Fourier transform infrared, and solution (31)P, (27)Al, and (183)W NMR spectroscopy. The polyoxoanion 1 is a monomeric, α-Dawson-type structure, resulting in an overall C3v symmetry, while the polyoxoanion 2 is a hydrogen-bonded dimeric structure, resulting in an overall S3 symmetry in the solid state. The pH dependence of polyoxoanions 1 and 2 in aqueous solution was also investigated by (31)P NMR spectroscopy.

Elevation of Urinary Liver-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Is a Harbinger of Poor Patient Prognosis after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Several recent studies have demonstrated that urinary levels of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) can be used to stratify the prognosis of cardiac disease, cardiac intensive care unit admission, cirrhosis, and coronavirus disease 2019. Our initial prospective study revealed that urinary L-FABP (uL-FABP) was associated with a high probability of acute kidney injury after stem cell transplantation (SCT); however, the relevance of elevated uL-FABP to the prognosis of patients undergoing SCT remains to be determined. We aimed to investigate whether uL-FABP levels can be used to stratify patient prognosis after SCT. To achieve this aim, we conducted a new long-term follow-up study using data from patients enrolled in our preceding prospective cohort study. Patients were classified into high and low uL-FABP groups based on levels measured at baseline (ie, before initiating the conditioning regimen), using an uL-FABP cutoff of 8.4 µg/gCr, which was determined based on data from healthy adults. uL-FABP levels were also measured on days 0, 7, and 14 after SCT. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to examine the effects of each factor on survival outcomes, and Fine-Gray regression was used in the presence of competing risks. Multivariate analysis incorporating confounders was then performed for factors with P < .1 in univariate analysis. In total, 20 of 84 patients (23.8%), 57 of 84 patients (67.9%), 34 of 49 patients (69.4%), and 34 of 46 patients (73.9%) were classified into the high uL-FABP group at baseline and on days 0, 7, and 14, respectively. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 23.9% in the high uL-FABP group and 68.9% in the low uL-FABP group. The multivariate analysis identified a high uL-FABP level at baseline as a significant prognostic factor for poor OS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.54; P = .002). The 5-year cumulative incidence rate for nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was 50.0% in the high uL-FABP group and 19.9% in the low uL-FABP group. In the multivariate analysis, high uL-FABP at baseline was a significant prognostic factor for NRM (HR, 3.37; P = .01). uL-FABP levels did not significantly stratify the cumulative incidence of relapse (HR, 2.13; P = .11). uL-FABP levels on days 0, 7, and 14 were not significant predictors of survival. High uL-FABP level before initiation of conditioning significantly influences OS and NRM following SCT, whereas a high uL-FABP level at any point after the conditioning regimen does not. Our results show that measuring uL-FABP level at baseline may be a simple way to predict survival in patients undergoing SCT.

Spattering mechanism of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing on heterogeneous surfaces.

Laser powder additive manufacturing (PBF-LB) is an additive manufacturing method capable of producing high-precision and fully dense parts. However, nondestructively quality assurance of no internal defects remains challenging. Mitigating internal defects requires elucidating their formation mechanism and improving the PBF-LB process conditions. Therefore, we developed an in-situ monitoring system that combines surface morphology measurement by fringe projection and thermal field measurement with a high-speed camera. On heterogeneous surfaces in a practical multi-track PBF-LB process, a roughness index of the built part surface altered cyclically, consistent with the change in the angle between laser scanning and atmospheric gas flow. The high-speed camera monitoring showed that the melt pool was asymmetrical and spindle-shaped and that spatter was emitted mainly from the built part side of the melt pool. Furthermore, it was found that the built-part surface morphology under the powder layer affected the stability of the melt pool. As a result, a graphical representation of the melt pool and spattering for heterogeneous surfaces was proposed. Although it is still difficult to theoretically estimate the process window in which no spattering and no internal defects, in-situ monitoring equipment will provide knowledge to elucidate spattering and internal defects formation.

Impact of lung function impairment after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Late-onset noninfectious pulmonary complications (LONIPC) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the clinical impact of lung function deterioration itself in long-term adult survivors of HSCT remains to be fully investigated. This retrospective, longitudinal study aimed to investigate pulmonary function following HSCT in terms of its change and the clinical significance of its decline. We examined 167 patients who survived for at least 2 years without relapse. The median follow-up period was 10.3 years. A linear mixed-effects model showed that the slope of pulmonary function tests values, including percent vital capacity (%VC), percent forced expiratory volume in one second (%FEV1), and FEV1/forced VC ratio (FEV1%), decreased over time. The cumulative incidence of newly obstructive and restrictive lung function impairment (LFI) at 10 years was 15.7% and 19.5%, respectively. Restrictive LFI was a significant, independent risk factor for overall survival (hazard ratio 7.11, P = 0.007) and non-relapse mortality (hazard ratio 12.19, P = 0.003). Our data demonstrated that lung function declined over time after HSCT and that the decline itself had a significant impact on survival regardless of LONIPC.

Effect of number of medications and complexity of regimens on medication adherence and blood pressure management in hospitalized patients with hypertension.

INTRODUCTION: Good adherence of antihypertensives is recommended for the accomplishment of hypertension therapy. The number of medications and characteristics contributing to medication regimen complexity, such as dosage forms and dosing frequency, are known to influence medication adherence. However, the effect of medication regimen complexity on the therapeutic efficacy of medicines remains to be clarified. In the present study, we retrospectively investigated the effect of number of medications and medication regimen complexity on medication adherence and therapeutic efficacy in patients with hypertension. METHODS: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1,057 patients, who were on medications including antihypertensives on admission at the Mie University Hospital between July 2018 and December 2018, were enrolled in this study. Poor blood pressure management was defined if the systolic or diastolic blood pressure were ≥140 mmHg or ≥ 90 mmHg. Medication regimen complexity was quantified using the medication regimen complexity index (MRCI) score. RESULTS: Among 1,057 patients, 164 and 893 patients were categorized into poor and good adherence groups, respectively. The multivariate analyses revealed that age ≥ 71 years and oral MRCI score ≥ 19.5 but not number of oral medications were extracted as risk factors for poor medication adherence. Medication adherence and blood pressure management were poor in the group with oral MRCI score ≥ 19.5, regardless of the age. The rate of readmission was similar. CONCLUSION: Our study is the first to demonstrate that medication regimen complexity rather than number of medications is closely related to medication adherence and blood pressure management. Hence, physicians and/or pharmacists should consider the complexity of medication regimens while modifying them.

Correlation between surface texture and internal defects in laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing.

The availability of an in-situ monitoring and feedback control system during the implementation of metal additive manufacturing technology ensures that high-quality finished parts are manufactured. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the surface texture and internal defects or density of laser-beam powder-bed fusion (LB-PBF) parts. In this study, 120 cubic specimens were fabricated via application of the LB-PBF process to the IN 718 Ni alloy powder. The density and 35 areal surface-texture parameters of manufactured specimens were determined based on the ISO 25,178-2 standard. Using a statistical method, a strong correlation was observed between the areal surface-texture parameters and density or internal defects within specimens. In particular, the areal surface-texture parameters of reduced dale height, core height, root-mean-square height, and root-mean-square gradient demonstrate a strong correlation with specimen density. Therefore, in-situ monitoring of these areal surface-texture parameters can facilitate their use as control variables in the feedback system.

Synthesis, X-ray Crystal Structure, and Photochromism of a Sandwich-Type Mono-Aluminum Complex Composed of Two Tri-Lacunary α-Dawson-Type Polyoxotungstates.

The synthesis and molecular structure of a dimeric, mono-aluminum complex composed of two tri-lacunary α-Dawson polyoxometalates, [H14Al(B-α-P2W15O56)2]7- (1), is described herein. The tetra-n-butylammonium salt of 1, [(n-C4H9)4N]7[H14Al(B-α-P2W15O56)2] (TBA-1) was prepared by passing an aqueous solution of K6[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH2)}3]⋅14H2O through an ion-exchange resin column (H+-form), followed by addition of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide. Analytically pure and colorless crystals of TBA-1 were obtained via vapor diffusion from acetonitrile/methanol at ~25 °C. Single-crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that a six-coordinate aluminum ion was sandwiched between two tri-lacunary α-Dawson-type units, resulting in an overall C2h symmetry. The characterization of TBA-1 was accomplished by elemental analyses, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyses, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The photochromic properties of TBA-1 were also characterized in methanol under light irradiation (λ = 365 nm and ≥400 nm).

Binary Nanoparticle Graphene Hybrid Structure-Based Highly Sensitive Biosensing Platform for Norovirus-Like Particle Detection.

Nanoparticle (NP)-decorated carbon nanotubes or graphenes (GRPs) have attracted attention because of their synergic properties such as enhanced electrical conductivity, magneto-optical effect, and plasmon resonance energy transfer. These hybrid carbon nanomaterials are widely used in sensing platforms to monitor target biomolecules, gases, and chemicals. In this study, binary nanoparticles, specifically gold (Au)/magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-decorated graphenes (GRPs), were applied in a virus-sensing platform. This hybrid material exhibited multiple functionalities, including magnetic, plasmonic, and enhanced electrical properties. The Au/MNP-GRPs were synthesized in two steps at room temperature under mild conditions and magnetically deposited on a Pt-interdigitated electrode as electrical-sensing channels. After deposition onto the electrode, the surface of Au/MNP-GRPs was conjugated with norovirus antibody to produce a norovirus-like particle (NoV-LP)-sensing platform. NoV-LPs were successfully detected by the hybrid nanomaterial-sensing platform, exhibiting high sensitivity and specificity in a concentration range from 0.01 pg to 1 ng. In this case, the limit of detection was calculated as 1.16 pg/mL. Thus, the binary nanoparticle-decorated graphene shows excellent potential as an electrical-sensing platform for biomolecules.

Human induced hepatic lineage-oriented stem cells: autonomous specification of human iPS cells toward hepatocyte-like cells without any exogenous differentiation factors.

Preparing targeted cells for medical applications from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using growth factors, compounds, or gene transfer has been challenging. Here, we report that human induced hepatic lineage-oriented stem cells (hiHSCs) were generated and expanded as a new type of hiPSC under non-typical coculture with feeder cells in a chemically defined hiPSC medium at a very high density. Self-renewing hiHSCs expressed markers of both human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and hepatocytes. Those cells were highly expandable, markedly enhancing gene expression of serum hepatic proteins and cytochrome P450 enzymes with the omission of FGF-2 from an undefined hiPSC medium. The hepatic specification of hiHSCs was not attributable to the genetic and epigenetic backgrounds of the starting cells, as they were established from distinct donors and different types of cells. Approximately 90% of hiHSCs autonomously differentiated to hepatocyte-like cells, even in a defined minimum medium without any of the exogenous growth factors necessary for hepatic specification. After 12 days of this culture, the differentiated cells significantly enhanced gene expression of serum hepatic proteins (ALB, SERPINA1, TTR, TF, FABP1, FGG, AGT, RBP4, and AHSG), conjugating enzymes (UGT2B4, UGT2B7, UGT2B10, GSTA2, and GSTA5), transporters (SULT2A1, SLC13A5, and SLCO2B1), and urea cycle-related enzymes (ARG1 and CPS1). In addition, the hepatocyte-like cells performed key functions of urea synthesis, albumin secretion, glycogen storage, indocyanine green uptake, and low-density lipoprotein uptake. The autonomous hepatic specification of hiHSCs was due to their culture conditions (coculture with feeder cells in a defined hiPSC medium at a very high density) in self-renewal rather than in differentiation. These results suggest the feasibility of preparing large quantities of hepatocytes as a convenient and inexpensive hiPSC differentiation. Our study also suggests the necessity of optimizing culture conditions to generate other specific lineage-oriented hiPSCs, allowing for a very simple differentiation.

Synthesis, molecular structure, and stability of a zirconocene derivative with α-Keggin mono-aluminum-substituted polyoxotungstate.

The synthesis and crystal structure of a zirconocene derivative with α-Keggin mono-aluminum-substituted polyoxotungstate, [α-PW(11)Al(OH)O(39)ZrCp(2)](2)(6-) (Cp = C(5)H(5)(-)) (1), which was obtained by the reaction of α-Keggin mono-aluminum-substituted polyoxotungstate with a biscyclopentadienylzirconium(IV) complex, is described herein. Analytically pure, homogeneous, yellow crystals of the tetra-n-butylammonium salt of polyoxoanion 1, [(n-C(4)H(9))(4)N](6)[α-PW(11)Al(OH)O(39)ZrCp(2)](2) (TBA-1), were obtained from the ca. 1 : 1 reaction of [(n-C(4)H(9))(4)N](4)[α-PW(11){Al(OH(2))}O(39)] with Cp(2)Zr(OTf)(2)·THF (OTf = O(3)SCF(3)(-)) in acetonitrile solution under an argon atmosphere, followed by precipitation from water and crystallization from acetonitrile. TBA-1 was characterized based on X-ray structure analysis, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and solution ((31)P, (27)Al, (19)F, (1)H, and (13)C) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Single-crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that the two {PW(11)AlO(40)} units are bridged by two "bent sandwich" Cp(2)Zr(2+) fragments with C(2) symmetry. Each zirconium center was bound to a terminal oxygen atom of the aluminum and tungsten sites and an edge-sharing oxygen atom at the Al-O-W linkage. Further, the stability towards water was investigated by NMR ((31)P, (1)H, and (13)C) and FTIR spectroscopy. The η(5)-cyclopentadienylzirconium fragments were not eliminated from the surface of [α-PW(11){Al(OH(2))}O(39)](4-) even after 24 h exposure to 50 equiv. of water.

Diplatinum(II)-coordinated polyoxotungstate: synthesis, molecular structure, and photocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution from water under visible-light irradiation.

The synthesis and molecular structure of a monomeric diplatinum(II) complex composed of mono-lacunary α-Keggin polyoxometalate is described. The polyoxometalate, Cs(3)[α-PW(11)O(39){cis-Pt(NH(3))(2)}(2)]·8H(2)O (Cs-1), afforded by a stoichiometric reaction of mono-lacunary Keggin polyoxotungstate with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii) in water, followed by crystallization from water, was obtained as analytically pure, homogeneous, yellow crystals. The compound Cs-1 was characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy, solution (1)H and (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and X-ray crystallography. The single-crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that the two cis-platinum(ii) moieties, [cis-Pt(NH(3))(2)](2+), were coordinated each to two oxygen atoms in a mono-vacant site of [α-PW(11)O(39)](7-) with asymmetric configuration, resulting in an overall C(1) symmetry. Furthermore, hydrogen evolution from an EDTA·2Na (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt) aqueous solution under visible-light irradiation (≥400 nm) was achieved by using polyoxoanion 1 and titanium dioxide.

A sandwich-type aluminium complex composed of tri-lacunary Keggin-type polyoxotungstate: synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of [(A-PW9O34)2{W(OH)(OH2)}{Al(OH)(OH2)}{Al(µ-OH)(OH2)2}2]7-.

The synthesis and molecular structure of a dimeric aluminium complex composed of tri-lacunary α-Keggin polyoxometalate is described. The polyoxometalate, K(6)Na[(A-PW(9)O(34))(2){W(OH)(OH(2))}{Al(OH)(OH(2))}{Al(µ-OH)(OH(2))(2)}(2)]·19H(2)O (KNa-1), afforded by the reaction in water of a tri-lacunary Keggin polyoxotungstate with excess aluminium nitrate, followed by crystallization from water, was obtained as analytically pure, homogeneous, colorless crystals. The compound KNa-1 was characterized by elemental analysis, TG/DTA, FT-IR, solution NMR ((31)P, (27)Al, and (183)W), and X-ray crystallography. The single-crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that two 6-coordinate aluminium ions linked with two bridging hydroxyl groups and four water molecules, i.e., [Al(III)(2)(µ-OH)(2)(OH(2))(4)](4+); a unit of a 6-coordinate tungsten ion linked with a hydroxyl group and a water molecule, i.e., [W(OH)(OH(2))](5+); a unit of a 6-coordinate aluminium ion linked with a hydroxyl group and a water molecule, i.e., [Al(OH)(OH(2))](2+), were sandwiched between two tri-lacunary α-Keggin polyoxotungstates, resulting in an overall C(s) symmetry.

Sandwich-type Hf(IV) and Zr(IV)complexes composed of tri-lacunary Keggin polyoxometalates: structure of [M(3)(mu-OH)(3)(A-alpha-PW(9)O(34))(2)](9-) (M = Hf and Zr).

The syntheses and structures of hafnium(iv) and zirconium(iv) complexes with Keggin tri-lacunary polyoxometalates (POM) [A-alpha-PW(9)O(34)](9-), i.e., (Et(2)NH(2))(7)H(2)[Hf(3)(micro-OH)(3)(A-alpha-PW(9)O(34))(2)].11H(2)O (Et(2)NH(2)-) and (Et(2)NH(2))(7)H(2)[Zr(3)(micro-OH)(3)(A-alpha-PW(9)O(34))(2)].12H(2)O (Et(2)NH(2)-) are described. The two POMs, Et(2)NH(2)- and Et(2)NH(2)-, were obtained as analytically pure, colorless crystals in 30.0 and 40.9% yields, respectively, by 1:3-molar ratio reactions of [A-PW(9)O(34)](9-) with Hf(SO(4))(2) and Zr(SO(4))(2), respectively, in aqueous solutions at 80-90 degrees C, followed by refluxing. The two POMs were characterized by elemental analysis, TG/DTA, FTIR, solution ((31)P and (183)W) NMR and X-ray crystallography. X-Ray structure analysis of Et(2)NH(2)- revealed that in polyoxoanion , the three 6-coordinate prismatic Hf(IV) ions linked with the three bridging OH groups, i.e., the [Hf(3)(micro-OH)(3)](9+) cluster cation was sandwiched between two alpha-Keggin tri-lacunary POMs. The molecular structure of was isostructural with that of polyoxoanion in Et(2)NH(2)-. X-Ray crystallography also showed that the crude crystals of Et(2)NH(2)- and Et(2)NH(2)-, which were first formed without refluxing, contained the two isomeric crystalline species in a 7:3 ratio with the alpha,alpha- and alpha,beta-junctions of the two Keggin tri-lacunary POMs. These facts were also confirmed by (31)P NMR in D(2)O. By refluxing the solutions containing the crude crystals, only the alpha,alpha-isomers of Et(2)NH(2)- and Et(2)NH(2)- were finally isolated.