Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 116
Filtrar
Más filtros

Bases de datos
País/Región como asunto
Tipo del documento
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Neuroradiology ; 2024 Aug 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39207553

RESUMEN

Symmetrical lesions in the temporal poles and external capsules on brain MRI are known as radiological markers of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL); however, similar imaging findings have also been reported in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and this study investigated the frequency of such findings. The study included 55 NMOSD patients who met the 2015 international NMO diagnosis panel (IPND) criteria and were positive for aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-Ab). Images were evaluated based on the consensus of two neuroradiologists, and brain lesions were detected in 33 patients, of whom 2 (6%) had symmetrical lesions in both the temporal poles and external capsules, and 1 (3%) had symmetrical lesions confined to the external capsules. Therefore, when symmetrical lesions in the temporal poles and external capsules are observed on MRI, NMOSD should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

2.
BMC Plant Biol ; 22(1): 458, 2022 Sep 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36151514

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Although grapes accumulate diverse groups of volatile compounds, their genetic regulation in different cultivars remains unelucidated. Therefore, this study investigated the volatile composition in the berries of an interspecific hybrid population from a Vitis labruscana 'Campbell Early' (CE) × Vitis vinifera 'Muscat of Alexandria' (MA) cross to understand the relationship among volatile compounds and their genetic regulation. Then, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of its volatile compounds was conducted. RESULTS: While MA contained higher concentrations of monoterpenes and norisoprenoids, CE contained higher concentrations of C6 compounds, lactones and shikimic acid derivatives, including volatiles characteristic to American hybrids, i.e., methyl anthranilate, o-aminoacetophenone and mesifurane. Furthermore, a cluster analysis of volatile profiles in the hybrid population discovered ten coordinately modulated free and bound volatile clusters. QTL analysis identified a major QTL on linkage group (LG) 5 in the MA map for 14 monoterpene concentrations, consistent with a previously reported locus. Additionally, several QTLs detected in the CE map affected the concentrations of specific monoterpenes, such as linalool, citronellol and 1,8-cineol, modifying the monoterpene composition in the berries. As for the concentrations of five norisoprenoids, a major common QTL on LG2 was discovered first in this study. Several QTLs with minor effects were also discovered in various volatile groups, such as lactones, alcohols and shikimic acid derivatives. CONCLUSIONS: An overview of the profiles of aroma compounds and their underlying QTLs in a population of interspecific hybrid grapes in which muscat flavor compounds and many other aroma compounds were mixed variously were elucidated. Coordinate modulation of the volatile clusters in the hybrid population suggested an independent mechanism for controlling the volatiles of each group. Accordingly, specific QTLs with significant effects were observed for terpenoids, norisoprenoids and some volatiles highly contained in CE berries.


Asunto(s)
Vitis , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles , Eucaliptol/metabolismo , Frutas/metabolismo , Lactonas/metabolismo , Monoterpenos/metabolismo , Norisoprenoides/análisis , Norisoprenoides/metabolismo , Odorantes/análisis , Sitios de Carácter Cuantitativo/genética , Ácido Shikímico/metabolismo , Terpenos/metabolismo , Vitis/genética , Vitis/metabolismo , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/metabolismo
3.
Echocardiography ; 39(2): 248-259, 2022 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35038184

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The sigmoid septum has been generally evaluated subjectively and qualitatively, without detailed examination of its diversity, impact on the morphology of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), and anatomical background. METHODS: We enrolled 100 patients without any background cardiac diseases (67.5 ± 12.8 years old; 43% women) who underwent cardiac computed tomography. Basal septal morphology was evaluated using antero-superior and medial bulging angles (bidirectional angulation of the basal septum relative to the LVOT). The eccentricity index of the LVOT, area narrowing ratio (LVOT/virtual basal ring area), aortic-to-left ventricular axial angle (angulation of the aortic root relative to the left ventricle), and wedged height (non-coronary aortic sinus to inferior epicardium distance) were also quantified. RESULTS: The antero-superior bulging, medial bulging, aortic-to-left ventricular axial angles, LVOT eccentricity index, area narrowing ratio, and wedged height were 76° ± 17°, 166° ± 27°, 127° ± 9°, 1.8 ± 0.5, 1.0 ± 0.2, and 41.2 ± 9.1 mm, respectively. Both bulging angles were correlated with each other and contributed to the narrowing and deformation of the LVOT. Angulated aortic root was not correlated with either bidirectional septal bulge or LVOT narrowing. Clockwise rotation of the aortic root rotation was an independent predictor of prominent antero-superior septal bulge. Deeper aortic wedging was a common independent predictor of bidirectional septal bulge. CONCLUSIONS: The extent of septal bulge varies in normal hearts. Along with deep aortic wedging, the bidirectional bulge of the basal septum deforms and narrows the LVOT without affecting the virtual basal ring morphology.


Asunto(s)
Corazón , Obstrucción del Flujo Ventricular Externo , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Aorta/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía
4.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol ; 32(4): 1014-1023, 2021 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33527586

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: A computer simulation model has demonstrated that atrial fibrillation (AF) driver can be attached to heterogeneous fibrosis assessed by late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI). However, it has not been well elucidated in patients with persistent AF. The aim of this study was to investigate whether radiofrequency (RF) applications in the fragmented LGE area (FLA) could terminate AF or convert it to atrial tachycardia (AT) and improve the rhythm outcome. METHODS: A total of 31 consecutive persistent AF patients with FLAs were enrolled (FLA ablation group, mean age: 69 ± 8 years, mean left atrial diameter: 42 ± 6 mm). A favorable response was defined as direct AF termination or AT conversion during RF applications at the FLA. The rhythm outcome was compared between the FLA ablation group and FLA burden-matched pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) group. RESULTS: Favorable responses were found in 15 (48%) of 31 patients in the FLA group (AF termination in seven, AT conversion in eight patients), but not in the PVI group. AF recurrence at 12 months follow-up was significantly less in the FLA ablation group than in the PVI group (4 [13%] vs. 12 [39%] of 31 patients, log-rank p = .023). In patients with a favorable response, AT recurred in 1 (7%) of 15 patients, but AF did not. CONCLUSIONS: FLA ablation could terminate AF or convert it to AT in half of the patients. No AF recurrence was documented in patients with a favorable response.


Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial , Ablación por Catéter , Venas Pulmonares , Anciano , Fibrilación Atrial/diagnóstico por imagen , Fibrilación Atrial/cirugía , Ablación por Catéter/efectos adversos , Simulación por Computador , Medios de Contraste , Estudios de Factibilidad , Gadolinio , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Venas Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Venas Pulmonares/cirugía , Recurrencia , Resultado del Tratamiento
5.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol ; 32(4): 1005-1013, 2021 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33556994

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: A computational model demonstrated that atrial fibrillation (AF) rotors could be distributed in patchy late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE) areas and play an important role in AF drivers. However, this was not validated in humans. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the LGE properties of AF rotors in patients with persistent AF. METHODS: A total of 287 segments in 15 patients with persistent AF (long-standing persistent AF in 9 patients) that underwent AF ablation were assessed. Non-passively activated areas (NPAs), where rotational activation (AF rotor) was frequently observed, were detected by the novel real-time phase mapping (ExTRa Mapping). The properties of the LGE areas were assessed using the LGE heterogeneity and the density which was evaluated by the entropy (LGE-entropy) and the volume ratio of the enhancement voxel (LGE-volume ratio), respectively. RESULTS: NPAs were found in 61 (21%) of 287 segments and were mostly found around the pulmonary vein antrum. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an optimal cutoff value of 5.7% and 10% for the LGE-entropy and LGE-volume ratio, respectively. The incidence of NPAs was significantly higher at segments with an LGE-entropy of >5.7 and LGE-volume ratio of >10% than at the other segments (38 [30%] of 126 vs. 23 [14%] of 161 segments; p = .001). No NPAs were found at segments with an LGE-volume ratio of >50% regardless of the LGE-entropy. Of five patients with AF recurrence, NPAs outside the PV antrum were not ablated in three patients and the remaining NPAs were ablated, but their LGE-entropy and LGE-volume ratio were low. CONCLUSION: AF rotors are mostly distributed in relatively weak and much more heterogenous LGE areas.


Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial , Ablación por Catéter , Fibrilación Atrial/diagnóstico por imagen , Fibrilación Atrial/cirugía , Medios de Contraste , Gadolinio , Atrios Cardíacos/cirugía , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética
6.
Eur Radiol ; 31(6): 3775-3782, 2021 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33852048

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a deep learning model for predicting gestational age from fetal brain MRI acquired after the first trimester in comparison to biparietal diameter (BPD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our Institutional Review Board approved this retrospective study, and a total of 184 T2-weighted MRI acquisitions from 184 fetuses (mean gestational age: 29.4 weeks) who underwent MRI between January 2014 and June 2019 were included. The reference standard gestational age was based on the last menstruation and ultrasonography measurements in the first trimester. The deep learning model was trained with T2-weighted images from 126 training cases and 29 validation cases. The remaining 29 cases were used as test data, with fetal age estimated by both the model and BPD measurement. The relationship between the estimated gestational age and the reference standard was evaluated with Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (ρc) and a Bland-Altman plot. The ρc was assessed with McBride's definition. RESULTS: The ρc of the model prediction was substantial (ρc = 0.964), but the ρc of the BPD prediction was moderate (ρc = 0.920). Both the model and BPD predictions had greater differences from the reference standard at increasing gestational age. However, the upper limit of the model's prediction (2.45 weeks) was significantly shorter than that of BPD (5.62 weeks). CONCLUSIONS: Deep learning can accurately predict gestational age from fetal brain MR acquired after the first trimester. KEY POINTS: • The prediction of gestational age using ultrasound is accurate in the first trimester but becomes inaccurate as gestational age increases. • Deep learning can accurately predict gestational age from fetal brain MRI acquired in the second and third trimester. • Prediction of gestational age by deep learning may have benefits for prenatal care in pregnancies that are underserved during the first trimester.


Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje Profundo , Atención Prenatal , Femenino , Feto/diagnóstico por imagen , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Lactante , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Embarazo , Primer Trimestre del Embarazo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Ultrasonografía Prenatal
7.
J Bone Miner Metab ; 39(3): 439-445, 2021 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33141340

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Very few studies have been performed to evaluate both the severity and site of aortic calcification (AC) in both end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of our study was to examine the utility of a newly developed three-dimensional (3D) visualization and quantification method compared with other methods to evaluate vascular calcification in ESKD patients with and without DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with ESKD before initiating hemodialysis at our hospital were included in the present study. They were divided into the two groups, depending on the presence or absence of DM: Control group (n = 31) and DM group (n = 19). The volume and site of AC were evaluated via computed tomography (CT) scan using a 3D visualization and quantification method. RESULTS: Total calcification volume was significantly greater in the DM group than in the Control group. Calcification volume in the descending and abdominal aortas was greater in the DM group compared to the Control group. There were no significant differences in calcification volume in the aortic root, ascending aorta, and aortic arch. Calcification volume of the whole aorta, the descending aorta, and the abdominal aorta were each significantly correlated with age, diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure. CONCLUSION: This study using a 3D visualization and quantification method demonstrated that AC was more severe and occurred more frequently in the abdominal aorta in ESKD patients with DM compared to those without DM. This method would enable us to precisely evaluate the volume and distribution of AC.


Asunto(s)
Aorta Abdominal/patología , Imagenología Tridimensional , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Fallo Renal Crónico/diagnóstico por imagen , Calcificación Vascular/complicaciones , Calcificación Vascular/diagnóstico por imagen , Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Vasos Coronarios/diagnóstico por imagen , Vasos Coronarios/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
8.
Circ J ; 85(7): 1059-1067, 2021 06 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33408304

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: A thorough understanding of the anatomy of the aortic valve is necessary for aortic valve-sparing surgery. Normal valvar dimensions and their relationships in the living heart, however, have yet to be fully investigated in a 3-dimensional fashion.Methods and Results:In total, 123 consecutive patients (66±12 years, Men 63%) who underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography were enrolled. Mid-diastolic morphology of the aortic roots, including height of the interleaflet triangles, geometric height, free margin length of each leaflet, effective height, and coaptation length were measured using multiplanar reconstruction images. Average height of the interleaflet triangle, geometric height, free margin length, effective height, and the coaptation length were 17.3±1.8, 14.7±1.3, 32.6±3.6, 8.6±1.4, and 3.2±0.8 mm, respectively. The right coronary aortic leaflet displayed the longest free margin length and shortest geometric height. Geometric height, free margin length, and effective height showed positive correlations with aortic root dimensions. Coaptation length, however, remained constant regardless of aortic root dimensions. CONCLUSIONS: Diversities, as well as characteristic relationships among each value involving the aortic root, were identified using living-heart datasets. The aortic leaflets demonstrated compensatory elongation along with aortic root dilatation to maintain constant coaptation length. These measurements will serve as the standard value for revealing the underlying mechanism of aortic regurgitation to plan optimal aortic valve-sparing surgery.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Aorta , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica , Adulto , Aorta , Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Humanos , Masculino
9.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol ; 31(4): 915-920, 2020 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32090387

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The left ventricular apex commonly has a paper-thin structure. However, available data about its structure are limited to variable samples, methodologies, and results. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the structural anatomy of the left ventricular apex using living heart datasets with the latest computed tomography scanner. METHODS: One hundred thirty-one consecutive patients (median age, 73 years; 58% men) who underwent cardiac computed tomography were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with severe aortic stenosis were analyzed separately. Thickness and diameters of the thinnest part of the left ventricular apex during mid-diastole were measured using orthogonal multiplanar reconstruction images. The area of thinning was estimated using the formula for the ellipse. RESULTS: In 88 patients without severe aortic stenosis, the median thickness of the thinnest area of the left ventricular apex was only 0.9 mm. Among them, 74%, 99%, and 100% of cases displayed a left ventricular apex thinner than 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mm, respectively. The median area of the thinnest region was 5.6 mm2 . In 43 patients with severe aortic stenosis, the median thickness of the thinnest area of the left ventricular apex was 1.2 mm. Among them, 51%, 93%, and 100% of cases displayed a left ventricular apex thinner than 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mm, respectively. The median area of the thinnest region was 3.9 mm2 . CONCLUSIONS: Localized thinning of the left ventricular apex is unexceptional, regardless of aortic stenosis with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, thus highlighting the need for a reappreciation of this feature to avoid inadvertent catastrophic complications.


Asunto(s)
Cardiopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/fisiopatología , Femenino , Cardiopatías/fisiopatología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Interpretación de Imagen Radiográfica Asistida por Computador , Estudios Retrospectivos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Remodelación Ventricular , Adulto Joven
10.
J Cardiovasc Magn Reson ; 22(1): 5, 2020 01 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31941517

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Periprocedural myocardial injury (pMI) is a common complication of elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) that reduces some of the beneficial effects of coronary revascularization and impacts the risk of cardiovascular events. We developed a 3-dimensional volumetric cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) method to evaluate coronary high intensity plaques and investigated their association with pMI after elective PCI. METHODS: Between October 2012 and October 2016, 141 patients with stable coronary artery disease underwent T1-weighted CMR imaging before PCI. A conventional 2-dimensional CMR plaque-to-myocardial signal intensity ratio (2D-PMR) and the newly developed 3-dimensional integral of PMR (3Di-PMR) were measured. 3Di-PMR was determined as the sum of PMRs above a threshold of > 1.0 for voxels in a target plaque. pMI was defined as high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T > 0.07 ng/mL. RESULTS: pMI following PCI was observed in 46 patients (33%). 3Di-PMR was significantly higher in patients with pMI than those without pMI. The optimal 3Di-PMR cutoff value for predicting pMI was 51 PMR*mm3 and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.753) was significantly greater than that for 2D-PMR (0.683, P = 0.015). 3Di-PMR was positively correlated with lipid volume (r = 0.449, P < 0.001) based on intravascular ultrasound. Stepwise multivariable analysis showed that 3Di-PMR ≥ 51 PMR*mm3 and the presence of a side branch at the PCI target lesion site were significant predictors of pMI (odds ratio [OR], 11.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6-30.4, P < 0.001; and OR, 4.14; 95% CI, 1.6-11.1, P = 0.005, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: 3Di-PMR coronary assessment facilitates risk stratification for pMI after elective PCI. TRIAL REGISTRATION: retrospectively registered.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Imagenología Tridimensional , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Miocardio/patología , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Placa Aterosclerótica , Anciano , Biomarcadores/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miocardio/metabolismo , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Troponina T/sangre
12.
Ann Vasc Surg ; 63: 162-169, 2020 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31626942

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Because endovascular abdominal aortic repair (EVAR) lowers the lumbar arterial blood flow, we hypothesized that the volume of the psoas muscle decreases after surgery. When internal iliac artery (IIA) embolization is performed, the lumbar arterial blood flow further decreases; therefore, we also hypothesized that the decrease in the volume of the psoas muscle becomes more significant. This study was performed to assess the volume change in the psoas muscle after EVAR. METHODS: Fifty-three consecutive patients who underwent EVAR from January 2016 to December 2016 were included. The psoas muscle volume was measured by preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT). Postoperative CT scans were performed 6-12 months after EVAR. Axial CT images with a 2-mm slice thickness were used to measure the psoas muscle volume. Data were transferred to a 3-dimensional workstation, and the psoas muscle volume was measured. RESULTS: In the EVAR group, the volume of the psoas muscle decreased by an average of 5.8 mL (4.6%) from 114.8 ± 32.0 mL preoperatively to 109.0 ± 30.3 mL postoperatively (P < 0.01). There was a significant difference in the change in the psoas muscle volume between patients with and without IIA embolization (embolization group: preoperative 118.1 ± 31.0 mL, postoperative 107.5 ± 29.2 mL, mean volume change rate -8.8%; nonembolization group: preoperative 114.0 ± 32.3 mL, postoperative 109.4 ± 30.7 mL, mean volume change rate -3.6%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The psoas muscle volume is reduced with EVAR. Moreover, when the IIA is embolized, the psoas muscle volume is further reduced.


Asunto(s)
Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Embolización Terapéutica , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Músculos Psoas/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Embolización Terapéutica/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Tamaño de los Órganos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento
13.
Plant Cell Physiol ; 60(11): 2464-2477, 2019 Nov 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31350891

RESUMEN

The shapes of plant organs reflect the evolution of each lineage and have been diversified according to lineage-specific adaptations to environment. Research on the molecular pathways responsible for organ shapes has traditionally been focused mainly on leaves or flowers. Thus, little is known about the pathways controlling fruit shapes, despite their diversity in some plant species. In this study, we analyzed oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki), which exhibits considerable diversity in fruit shapes among cultivars, to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism using transcriptomic data and quantitative evaluation. First, to filter the candidate genes associated with persimmon fruit shapes, the whole gene expression patterns obtained using mRNA-Seq analysis from 100 individuals, including a segregated population and various cultivars, were assessed to detect correlations with principal component scores for fruit shapes characterized with elliptic Fourier descriptors. Next, a gene co-expression network analysis with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) package revealed that class 1 KNOX family genes and SEEDSTICK function as integrators along with some phytohormone-related genes, to regulate the fruit shape diversity. On the other hand, the OVATE family genes also contribute to fruit shape diversity, of which pathway would be potentially shared with other plant species. Evolutionary aspects suggest that acquisition of a high lineage-specific and variable expression of class 1 KNOX gene, knotted-like homeobox of Arabidopsis thaliana 1 (KNAT1), in young fruit is important for establishing the persimmon-specific mechanism that determines fruit shape diversity.


Asunto(s)
Diospyros/metabolismo , Flores/metabolismo , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/fisiología , Diospyros/genética , Flores/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/fisiología , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/genética
14.
Neuroradiology ; 61(3): 305-311, 2019 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30465057

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The reliability of assessment of the artery of Adamkiewicz before the aortic repair is highly dependent on the display of the continuity of this artery with the aorta, mainly around the vertebral pedicle, by computed tomography angiography (CTA). We hypothesized that the sharp filter kernel can improve visualization of this continuity of the vessel structure because of its edge enhancement and high-spatial resolution. This study was performed to compare the subjective and objective image quality of spinal CTA reconstructed with sharp and smooth filter kernels. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 40 consecutive patients who had undergone 80-kV CTA to detect the artery of Adamkiewicz before aortic repair. We measured the CT number and the contrast-to-noise ratio of the anterior spinal artery to the spinal cord. Furthermore, the continuity of the artery of Adamkiewicz was evaluated using a 3-point scale (2 points, absolute; 0 points, undetectable). RESULTS: CTA with the sharp filter kernel showed a significantly higher CT number and contrast-to-noise ratio of the spinal artery than did CTA with the smooth filter kernel (P < .001 for both). Moreover, the sharp filter kernel showed a significantly higher continuity of the artery of Adamkiewicz with the aorta than did the smooth filter kernel (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The sharp filter kernel significantly improved the image quality in low-tube-voltage CTA for the assessment of the artery of Adamkiewicz. Thus, CTA with the sharp filter kernel can generate a high-confidence level in the evaluation of the artery of Adamkiewicz.


Asunto(s)
Arterias/diagnóstico por imagen , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada/métodos , Interpretación de Imagen Radiográfica Asistida por Computador , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Enfermedades de la Aorta/cirugía , Medios de Contraste , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos
15.
Planta ; 247(3): 733-743, 2018 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29188374

RESUMEN

MAIN CONCLUSION: Transcriptome analysis of a persimmon population segregating for an astringency trait in fruit suggested central roles for a limited number of transcriptional regulators in the loss of proanthocyanidin accumulation. Persimmon (Diospyros kaki; 2n = 6x = 90) accumulates a large amount of proanthocyanidins (PAs) in its fruit, resulting in an astringent taste. Persimmon cultivars are classified into four types based on the nature of astringency loss and the amount of PAs at maturity. Pollination constant and non-astringent (PCNA)-type cultivars stop accumulating PAs in the early stages of fruit development and their fruit can be consumed when still firm without the need for artificial deastringency treatments. While the PCNA trait has been shown to be conferred by a recessive allele at a single locus (ASTRINGENCY; AST), the exact genetic determinant remains unidentified. Here, we conducted transcriptome analyses to elucidate the regulatory mechanism underlying this trait using developing fruits of an F1 population segregating for the PCNA trait. Comparisons of the transcriptomes of PCNA and non-PCNA individuals and hierarchical clustering revealed that genes related to the flavonoid pathway and to abiotic stress responses involving light stimulation were expressed coordinately with PA accumulation. Furthermore, coexpression network analyses suggested that three putative transcription factors were central to the PA regulatory network and that at least DkMYB4 and/or DkMYC1, which have been reported to form a protein complex with each other for PA regulation, may have a central role in the differential expression of PA biosynthetic pathway genes between PCNA and non-PCNA.


Asunto(s)
Diospyros/genética , Frutas/metabolismo , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/genética , Diospyros/metabolismo , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Genes de Plantas/genética , Proantocianidinas/metabolismo , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN
16.
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging ; 45(8): 1405-1416, 2018 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29478082

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The aim of this multicenter trial was to generate a [123I]FP-CIT SPECT database of healthy controls from the common SPECT systems available in Japan. METHODS: This study included 510 sets of SPECT data from 256 healthy controls (116 men and 140 women; age range, 30-83 years) acquired from eight different centers. Images were reconstructed without attenuation or scatter correction (NOACNOSC), with only attenuation correction using the Chang method (ChangACNOSC) or X-ray CT (CTACNOSC), and with both scatter and attenuation correction using the Chang method (ChangACSC) or X-ray CT (CTACSC). These SPECT images were analyzed using the Southampton method. The outcome measure was the specific binding ratio (SBR) in the striatum. These striatal SBRs were calibrated from prior experiments using a striatal phantom. RESULTS: The original SBRs gradually decreased in the order of ChangACSC, CTACSC, ChangACNOSC, CTACNOSC, and NOACNOSC. The SBRs for NOACNOSC were 46% lower than those for ChangACSC. In contrast, the calibrated SBRs were almost equal under no scatter correction (NOSC) conditions. A significant effect of age was found, with an SBR decline rate of 6.3% per decade. In the 30-39 age group, SBRs were 12.2% higher in women than in men, but this increase declined with age and was absent in the 70-79 age group. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided a large-scale quantitative database of [123I]FP-CIT SPECT scans from different scanners in healthy controls across a wide age range and with balanced sex representation. The phantom calibration effectively harmonizes SPECT data from different SPECT systems under NOSC conditions. The data collected in this study may serve as a reference database.


Asunto(s)
Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión de Fotón Único , Tropanos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Bases de Datos Factuales , Femenino , Humanos , Japón , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fantasmas de Imagen
17.
Calcif Tissue Int ; 102(3): 310-320, 2018 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29058057

RESUMEN

It is known that calcium-containing phosphate binders are more closely associated with the progression of vascular calcification than non-calcium-containing phosphate binders. In this study, we investigated the effect of the non-calcium-containing phosphate binder, lanthanum carbonate on the progression of coronary artery calcification and cardiovascular abnormalities compared to that of calcium-containing phosphate binder in chronic kidney disease patients during the early period after initiating hemodialysis. This was a randomized open-label study in which patients were divided into the calcium carbonate or lanthanum carbonate group. We evaluated blood samples, coronary artery calcification using high-resolution computed tomography, and cardiac abnormalities using echocardiography prior to and after initiating hemodialysis. Cardiac dimension and systolic function were significantly improved in the lanthanum carbonate group compared to those in the calcium carbonate group. Although statistically significant differences were not observed in all the patients, only among patients with moderate coronary artery calcification, the changes in coronary artery calcification score at 18 months were significantly smaller in the lanthanum carbonate group than those in the calcium carbonate group. The percent change in coronary artery calcification at 18 months was significantly correlated with the serum fibroblast growth factor 23 levels at 18 months (r = 0.245, P < 0.05). This significant correlation was particularly strong in patients with moderate coronary artery calcification (r = 0.593, P < 0.001). Our study suggests that lanthanum carbonate ameliorates cardiac abnormalities, and may slow coronary artery calcification development in patients with moderate coronary artery calcification, during the early period following hemodialysis initiation.


Asunto(s)
Carbonato de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Vasos Coronarios/efectos de los fármacos , Lantano/uso terapéutico , Diálisis Renal , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Quelantes/uso terapéutico , Vasos Coronarios/metabolismo , Femenino , Factor-23 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hormona Paratiroidea/sangre , Diálisis Renal/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Calcificación Vascular/tratamiento farmacológico
18.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 42(4): 607-613, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29613987

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to characterize focal myocardial damage of cardiac sarcoidosis by strain analysis and to compare it with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography. METHODS: We reviewed 208 segments from 13 cardiac sarcoidosis patients and measured the circumferential strain (Ecc) and the strain change per second (Ecc rate). The mean Ecc and Ecc rate values were compared between the FDG(+) and FDG(-), and the LGE(+) and LGE(-) segments using Welch's t test. RESULTS: The peak and max Ecc rates were better in the LGE(-) segments than in the LGE(+) segments (-11.8 vs -8.9%, 40.5 vs 29.7%/s, both P < 0.001). The max Ecc rate was higher in the FDG(-) segments than in the FDG(+) segments (39.2 vs 31.7%/s, P < 0.001), but the peak Ecc did not differ between the FDG(+) and FDG(-) segments (-11.2 vs -10.1%, P = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS: Strain analysis could reveal focal myocardial damage in the FDG(+) or the LGE(+) segments.


Asunto(s)
Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Gadolinio DTPA , Aumento de la Imagen/métodos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones/métodos , Sarcoidosis/patología , Anciano , Medios de Contraste , Femenino , Corazón/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miocardio/patología , Radiofármacos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Sarcoidosis/diagnóstico por imagen
19.
J Anat ; 231(1): 110-120, 2017 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28397961

RESUMEN

The aortic root is wedged within the cardiac base. The precise extent of aortic wedging, however, and its influence on the surrounding cardiac structures, has not been systematically investigated. We analysed 100 consecutive patients, who underwent coronary arterial computed tomographic angiography. We assessed the extent of aortic wedging by measuring the vertical distance between the non-adjacent aortic sinus and the inferior epicardium. A shorter distance indicates deeper aortic wedging. We assessed the tilt angle and diameter of the ascending aorta, the relative heights of the left atrial roof and the oval fossa, the shape of the proximal right coronary artery, the angle of the aorta relative to the left ventricular axis, and the lung volume. The mean extent of wedging was 42.7 ± 9.8 mm. Multivariate analysis revealed that ageing, male gender, increased body mass index, patients without cardiomyopathy, the extent of tilting and dilation of the ascending aorta, and lung volume were all independent predictors for deeper aortic wedging (R2  = 0.7400, P < 0.0001). The extent of wedging was additionally correlated with a relatively high left atrial roof (R2  = 0.1394, P < 0.0001) and oval fossa (R2  = 0.1713, P < 0.0001), the shepherd's crook shape of the proximal right coronary artery (R2  = 0.2376, P < 0.0001), and the narrowness of the angulation of the root relative to the left ventricular axis (R2  = 0.2544, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, ageing, male gender, obesity, background cardiac disease, aortic tilting and dilation, and lung volume are all correlated with the extent of wedging of the aortic root within the cardiac base.


Asunto(s)
Aorta/diagnóstico por imagen , Corazón/diagnóstico por imagen , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Envejecimiento/patología , Aorta/patología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía Computarizada Multidetector , Estudios Retrospectivos
20.
Eur Radiol ; 27(6): 2309-2316, 2017 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27704198

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the additional value of transmural perfusion ratio (TPR) in dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging for detection of haemodynamically significant coronary artery disease compared with fractional flow reserve (FFR). METHODS: Subjects with suspected or known coronary artery disease were prospectively included and underwent a CT-MPI examination. From the CT-MPI time-point data absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF) values were temporally resolved using a hybrid deconvolution model. An absolute MBF value was measured in the suspected perfusion defect. TPR was defined as the ratio between the subendocardial and subepicardial MBF. TPR and MBF results were compared with invasive FFR using a threshold of 0.80. RESULTS: Forty-three patients and 94 territories were analysed. The area under the receiver operator curve was larger for MBF (0.78) compared with TPR (0.65, P = 0.026). No significant differences were found in diagnostic classification between MBF and TPR with a territory-based accuracy of 77 % (67-86 %) for MBF compared with 70 % (60-81 %) for TPR. Combined MBF and TPR classification did not improve the diagnostic classification. CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic CT-MPI-based transmural perfusion ratio predicts haemodynamically significant coronary artery disease. However, diagnostic performance of dynamic CT-MPI-derived TPR is inferior to quantified MBF and has limited incremental value. KEY POINTS: • The transmural perfusion ratio from dynamic CT-MPI predicts functional obstructive coronary artery disease • Performance of the transmural perfusion ratio is inferior to quantified myocardial blood flow • The incremental value of the transmural perfusion ratio is limited.


Asunto(s)
Estenosis Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Hemodinámica/fisiología , Imagen de Perfusión Miocárdica/métodos , Anciano , Angiografía Coronaria/métodos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Estenosis Coronaria/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA