RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There are several observations that the onset of coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with an increase in the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). However, due to heterogeneity in study designs and country-specific healthcare policies, more national-level evidence is needed to provide generalizable conclusions. OBJECTIVE: To compare the rate of DKA in Polish children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) between the first year of COVID-19 pandemic (15 March 2020 to 15 March 2021) and the preceding year (15 March 2019 to 15 March 2020). METHODS: Reference centers in 13 regions (covering ~88% of Polish children) retrospectively reported all new-onset T1D cases in children from assessed periods, including DKA status at admission, administered procedures and outcomes. Secondly, we collected regions' demographic characteristics and the daily-reported number of COVID-19-related deaths in each region. RESULTS: We recorded 3062 cases of new-onset T1D (53.3% boys, mean age 9.5 ± 4.3 years old) of which 1347 (44%) had DKA. Comparing pre- and post-COVID-19 period, we observed a significant increase in the rate of DKA (37.5%-49.4%, p < .0001). The fraction of moderate (+5.4%) and severe (+3.4%) DKA cases increased significantly (p = .0089), and more episodes required assisted ventilation (+2.1%, p = .0337). Two episodes of DKA during 2020/2021 period were fatal. By region, change in DKA frequency correlated with initial COVID-19 death toll (March/April 2020) (R = .6, p = .0287) and change in T1D incidence (R = .7, p = .0080). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical picture of new-onset children T1D in Poland deteriorated over a 2-year period. The observed increase in the frequency of DKA and its severity were significantly associated with the overlapping timing of the COVID-19 epidemic.
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COVID-19 , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Cetoacidosis Diabética , Adolescente , COVID-19/complicaciones , COVID-19/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiología , Cetoacidosis Diabética/complicaciones , Cetoacidosis Diabética/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Pandemias , Polonia/epidemiología , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Mammalian circadian clocks restrict cell proliferation to defined time windows, but the mechanism and consequences of this interrelationship are not fully understood. Previously we identified the multifunctional nuclear protein NONO as a partner of circadian PERIOD (PER) proteins. Here we show that it also conveys circadian gating to the cell cycle, a connection surprisingly important for wound healing in mice. Specifically, although fibroblasts from NONO-deficient mice showed approximately normal circadian cycles, they displayed elevated cell doubling and lower cellular senescence. At a molecular level, NONO bound to the p16-Ink4A cell cycle checkpoint gene and potentiated its circadian activation in a PER protein-dependent fashion. Loss of either NONO or PER abolished this activation and circadian expression of p16-Ink4A and eliminated circadian cell cycle gating. In vivo, lack of NONO resulted in defective wound repair. Because wound healing defects were also seen in multiple circadian clock-deficient mouse lines, our results therefore suggest that coupling of the cell cycle to the circadian clock via NONO may be useful to segregate in temporal fashion cell proliferation from tissue organization.
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Ciclo Celular/fisiología , Relojes Circadianos/fisiología , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Proteínas Circadianas Period/metabolismo , Animales , Western Blotting , Ciclo Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular , Células Cultivadas , Senescencia Celular/genética , Senescencia Celular/fisiología , Relojes Circadianos/genética , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/genética , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Dermis/metabolismo , Dermis/patología , Femenino , Fibroblastos/citología , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Noqueados , Mutación , Proteínas Circadianas Period/genética , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Unión Proteica , Interferencia de ARN , Proteínas de Unión al ARN , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Transactivadores/genética , Transactivadores/metabolismo , Cicatrización de Heridas/genética , Cicatrización de Heridas/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Organisms with limited dispersal capabilities should show phenotypic plasticity in situ to keep pace with environmental changes. Therefore, to study the influence of environmental variation on the phenotypic diversity, we chose land snails, Trochulus hispidus and T. sericeus, characterized by high population variability. We performed long-term field studies as well as laboratory and common garden experiments, which revealed that temporal environmental changes generate visible variation in shell size and shape of these snails. Many shell measurements of T. hispidus varied significantly with temperature and humidity in individual years. According to this, the first generation of T. hispidus, bred in controlled laboratory conditions, became significantly different in higher spire and narrower umbilicus from its wild parents. Interestingly, offspring produced by this generation and transplanted to wild conditions returned to the 'wild' flat and wide-umbilicated shell shape. Moreover, initially different species T. hispidus and T. sericeus transferred into common environment conditions revealed rapid and convergent shell modifications within one generation. Such morphological flexibility and high genetic variation can be evolutionarily favored, when the environment is heterogeneous in time. The impact of climate change on the shell morphometry can lead to incorrect taxonomic classification or delimitation of artificial taxa in land snails. These findings have also important implications in the context of changing climate and environment.
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Exoesqueleto , Fitomejoramiento , Adaptación Fisiológica , Exoesqueleto/anatomía & histología , Animales , Humedad , Caracoles/anatomía & histología , Caracoles/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: CYP1B1 is a P450 enzyme which is involved in the activation of pro-carcinogens to carcinogens as well as sex hormone metabolism. Because differences in the activity of the enzyme have been correlated with variant alleles of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), it represents an attractive candidate gene for studies into colorectal cancer susceptibility. METHODS: We genotyped 597 cancer patients and 597controls for three CYP1B1 SNPs, which have previously been shown to be associated with altered enzymatic activity. Using the three SNPs, eight different haplotypes were constructed. The haplotype frequencies were estimated in cases and controls and then compared. The odds ratio for each tumour type, associated with each haplotype was estimated, with reference to the most common haplotype observed in the controls. RESULTS: The three SNPs rs10012, rs1056827 and rs1056836 alone did not provide any significant evidence of association with colorectal cancer risk. Haplotypes of rs1056827 and rs10012 or rs1056827 and rs1056836 revealed an association with colorectal cancer which was significantly stronger in the homozygous carriers. One haplotype was under represented in the colorectal cancer patient group compared to the control population suggesting a protective effect. CONCLUSION: Genetic variants within the CYP1B1 that are associated with altered function appear to influence susceptibility to a colorectal cancer in Poland. Three haplotypes were associated with altered cancer risk; one conferred protection and two were associated with an increased risk of disease. These observations should be confirmed in other populations.
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Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Hidrocarburo de Aril Hidroxilasas , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Citocromo P-450 CYP1B1 , ADN de Neoplasias/genética , Femenino , Haplotipos/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Polonia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Tasa de Supervivencia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To investigate whether or not a genetic variant in BARD1 (Cys557Ser) contributes to early-onset breast cancer in Poland, or modifies the risk of breast cancer in women with an inherited predisposition to breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We studied 3,188 unselected Polish women with breast cancer and 1,038 healthy controls. All women were genotyped for the BARD1 Cys557Ser variant and for known founder mutations in BRCA1 (three mutations), CHEK2 (four mutations), and NBS1 (one mutation). RESULTS: A BARD1 variant was seen in 150 of 3,188 breast cancer cases (4.7%) and in 40 of 1,038 controls (3.8%) (OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 0.9-1.7). The risk associated with the BARD1 variant was not significantly greater in women with familial cancer (OR = 1.5; 95% CI = 0.8-2.7), or with an inherited mutation in BRCA1 (OR = 0.9; 95% CI = 0.4-2.2), CHEK2 (OR = 1.0; 95% CI = 0.5-2.1), or NBS1 (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 0.2-10.2). Modest associations were observed among the subgroups of women with very early onset breast cancer (OR = 2.9; 95% CI = 1.2-7.1) and with medullary breast cancer (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 0.9-3.7). CONCLUSION: There was no clear association between the presence of the BARD1 Cys557Ser allele and breast cancer in Poland. Furthermore, the BARD1 Cys557Ser allele does not appear to modify the risk of breast cancers among carriers of BRCA1 mutations, or of other predisposing mutations. The allele may predispose to breast cancers of certain histologic subtypes, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/fisiología , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligasas/fisiología , Alelos , Proteína BRCA1/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Quinasa de Punto de Control 2 , Análisis Mutacional de ADN , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Humanos , Mutación , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Oportunidad Relativa , Polonia , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/metabolismo , Riesgo , Serina/química , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/genética , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/metabolismo , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligasas/genética , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligasas/metabolismoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To investigate the contribution of CHEK2 mutations to early-onset breast cancer in Poland and to establish the characteristic features of these cancers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We studied 3,228 women diagnosed with breast cancer under the age of 51 years and 5,496 population controls. CHEK2 mutations were detected by RFLP-PCR or allele-specific oligonucleotide-PCR assays. Clinical and pathologic features of CHEK2-positive cases and CHEK2-negative cases were compared. RESULTS: A truncating CHEK2 mutation (1100delC or IVS2+1G>A) was seen in 47 of 3,228 cases and in 34 of 5,496 controls (odds ratio, 2.4; P = 0.0001). The CHEK2 I157T missense mutation was present in 207 of 3,228 cases, compared with 264 of 5,496 controls (odds ratio, 1.4; P = 0.002). Breast cancers in women with a CHEK2 mutation were more commonly of lobular histology (21.5% versus 15.8%; P = 0.05), of size >2 cm (54.8% versus 43.5%; P = 0.01), or of multicentric origin (28.7% versus 19.5%; P = 0.01) than were cancers from women without a CHEK2 mutation. Bilateral cancers were equally common in both subgroups. CONCLUSION: Three founder alleles in CHEK2 contribute to early-onset breast cancer in Poland. Breast tumors which arise in carriers of CHEK2 mutations seem to be similar to those of breast cancers in the population at large.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Quinasa de Punto de Control 2 , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación , Polonia/epidemiología , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/biosíntesisRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Prolactin (Prl) secretion in children manifests circadian rhythm. The aim of the study was to assess circadian Prl pattern in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and congenital organic disorders in the hypothalamic-pituitary region (HPR). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis comprised 47 children (aged: 11.05+/-3.5 years) with GHD, divided (based on MRI) into subgroups: NORM (no disturbances in HPR); HP (pituitary hypoplasia) and PSIS (pituitary stalk interruption syndrome). The profile of circadian Prl secretion was determined, based on Prl measurements in serum every 3 hours during 24 hours. The macroscopic analysis of circadian Prl rhythm in particular groups was performed. The comparison group consists of 41 children (aged: 11.45+/-3.20 years) with idiopathic short stature (ISS). RESULTS: In GHD-HP, diurnal and nocturnal Prl concentrations were low but with the dispersion between them and with normal rhythm in most of cases. In GHD-PSIS, diurnal and nocturnal Prl concentrations were on the same level and the rhythm was not observed in most of cases. No significant differences were found in Prl secretions and Prl rhythm between GHD-NORM and ISS. The rhythm of Prl secretion was disturbed in: 72.7% of children with GHD-PSIS, 23.5% - with GHD-HP, 10.5% with GHD-NORM and 7.3% with ISS, only. CONCLUSIONS: Congenital organic lesions of HPR are associated with quantitative disorders and changes of the circadian pattern of Prl secretion. In children with GHD without organic lesions of HPR, the circadian rhythm of Prl secretion was not different from that with ISS.
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Ritmo Circadiano/fisiología , Trastornos del Crecimiento/sangre , Hormona de Crecimiento Humana/deficiencia , Hipófisis/anomalías , Prolactina/sangre , Adolescente , Análisis de Varianza , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Hipopituitarismo/sangre , Hipopituitarismo/congénito , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario/anomalías , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario/fisiopatología , Masculino , Oscilometría , Hipófisis/metabolismo , Neurohipófisis/anomalías , Neurohipófisis/metabolismo , Prolactina/metabolismo , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Prolactin (Prl) is secreted in a circadian pattern, although no method of interpreting it has yet been established. The aim of the study was to assess Prl secretion in children on the basis of the Prl circadian profile and to establish principles for the interpretation of the results obtained by this method. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis comprised 41 healthy short children (25 boys); aged 5.2-16.3 years, in whom hormonal disorders and chronic diseases had been excluded. The children were divided into prepubertal or pubertal subgroups. Serum Prl concentrations were measured every 3 hours for 24 hours. To assess the rhythm the parameters of macroscopic analysis were calculated and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. The group for comparison consisted of 30 children aged 8.9-17.2 years with hyperprolactinaemia. RESULTS: In each subgroup significantly higher Prl concentrations were observed at night than by day. No statistical differences were noticed between the groups regarding Prl concentrations at particular time points or parameter values during circadian Prl rhythm evaluation. In the group analysed weak correlations were found between age and Prl peak and trough levels. On the basis of ROC analysis criteria for the existence of normal circadian Prl rhythm in children were established. CONCLUSIONS: 1. The presence of normal circadian Prl rhythm is observed if at least one of the following three criteria is fulfilled: amplitude >1.8779; X(n)/X(d) ratio >1.685; regression index <-0.4107. 2. No interpretation in relation to sex, age and stage of puberty is necessary for the circadian prolactin secretion rhythm in children.
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Ritmo Circadiano , Hiperprolactinemia/fisiopatología , Prolactina/metabolismo , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Trastornos del Crecimiento/sangre , Humanos , Hiperprolactinemia/sangre , Masculino , Prolactina/sangreRESUMEN
Morphological variation of snails from the genus Trochulus is so huge that their taxonomy is unclear. The greatest variability concerns forms hispidus and sericeus/plebeius, which are often considered as separate species. To evidence the species barriers, we carried out crossbreeding experiments between these two sympatric morphs. Moreover, we compared the shell morphology of laboratory-bred offspring with their wild parents to test if the variation can be explained by the phenotypic plasticity model. We found that the two Trochulus morphs show no reproductive barriers. The fecundity rates, the mean clutch size, and F1 viability observed for all crosses were not signiï¬cantly different. In hybrid crosses (in F2 generation), we also recorded reproduction compatibility, similar fecundity, and hatching success as in their parents. Accordingly, phylogenetic analyses revealed the significant grouping of sequences from these different morphs and supported no constrains in reproduction between them. Comparison of shell morphology between wild and laboratory samples showed that various characters appeared highly plastic. The average shell shape of the hispidus morph changed significantly from flat with wide umbilicus to elevated with narrower umbilicus such as in the sericeus/plebeius morph. All these findings indicate that the examined morphs do not represent separate biological species and the evolutionary process is not advanced enough to separate their genetic pool. Therefore, phenotypic plasticity has played a significant role in the evolution of Trochulus shell polymorphism. The two morphs can evolve independently in separate phylogenetic lineages under the influence of local environmental conditions.
RESUMEN
Geographical isolation, selection and genetic drift can cause the geographical diversification of populations and lead to speciation. Land snail species in the genus Trochulus show overlaps in geographical ranges as well as in morphology, but genetic data do not always support the species-level taxonomy based on morphological characters. Such a group offers an excellent opportunity to explore the processes involved. We have addressed the problem by determining the status of the restricted endemic T. graminicola within the larger context of Trochulus taxonomy. We used an integrated approach based on morphological features, ecological preferences and two molecular markers: mitochondrial COI sequences and microsatellites. Comparison of these results demonstrated: (i) conchological distinction of T. striolatus and T. sericeus; (ii) anatomical, ecological and genetic differentiation of T. graminicola and (iii) concordance between morphological characters and mtDNA markers in T. striolatus. Moreover, our data showed an intricate evolutionary history within the genus Trochulus, which can be best explained by: (i) recent or ongoing gene flow between taxa or (ii) their large ancestral polymorphism. Both of these hypotheses suggest that diversification within this group of snails has occurred relatively recently. The mismatches between species defined on morphology and on molecular genetics indicate the complexity of the processes involved in the diversification of this genus.
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Gastrópodos/genética , Flujo Génico , Animales , Gastrópodos/clasificaciónRESUMEN
Women who are born with constitutional heterozygous mutations of the BRCA1 gene face greatly increased risks of breast and ovarian cancer. The product of the BRCA1 gene is involved in the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks and it is believed that increased susceptibility to DNA breakage contributes to the cancer phenotype. It is hoped therefore that preventive strategies designed to reduce chromosome damage will also reduce the rate of cancer in these women. To test for increased mutagenicity of cells from BRCA1 carriers, the frequency of chromosome breaks was measured in cultured blood lymphocytes following in vitro exposure to bleomycin in female BRCA1 carriers and was compared with noncarrier relatives. The frequency of chromosome breaks was also measured in BRCA1 carriers following oral selenium supplementation. Carriers of BRCA1 mutations showed significantly greater mean frequencies of induced chromosome breaks per cell than did healthy noncarrier relatives (0.58 versus 0.39; P < 10(-4)). The frequency of chromosome breaks was greatly reduced following 1 to 3 months of oral selenium supplementation (mean, 0.63 breaks per cell versus 0.40; P < 10(-10)). The mean level of chromosome breaks in carriers following supplementation was similar to that of the noncarrier controls (0.40 versus 0.39). Oral selenium is a good candidate for chemoprevention in women who carry a mutation in the BRCA1 gene.
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Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Rotura Cromosómica/genética , Genes BRCA1/efectos de los fármacos , Selenito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Bleomicina/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias de la Mama/prevención & control , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Daño del ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Suplementos Dietéticos , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas de Mutagenicidad , Polonia , Selenito de Sodio/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
The important aspect of sulforaphane (SFN) chemopreventive activity is its ability to induce cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. In this study, the effect of SFN on lymphoblastoid cells derived from people carrying four different germ-line mutations in BRCA1 gene was tested and compared to the effect of SFN on wild-type cells. The mutations studied were C61G, 3819del5, 4153delA and 5382INSC. Changes in cell viability and density after SFN treatment were evaluated, as well as cell cycle progression, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, and phosphatidylserine externalization. SFN was shown to reduce cell viability and density in all cell lines tested. Cell cycle block in S-phase and the occurence of simultaneous apoptosis were observed. The concentration of SFN needed to elicit a comparable effect on each cell line was varied. We found that the effect of SFN on cells carrying different inherited mutations depended on mutation type.
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Anticarcinógenos/farmacología , Apoptosis , Genes BRCA1 , Linfocitos/citología , Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Mutación , Tiocianatos/farmacología , Ciclo Celular , Muerte Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Supervivencia Celular , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Mutación de Línea Germinal , Humanos , Membranas Intracelulares/metabolismo , Isotiocianatos , Proteínas Quinasas JNK Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Linfocitos/metabolismo , Potenciales de la Membrana , Mitocondrias/patología , Fosfatidilserinas/química , Fase S , Sulfóxidos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
We report a case of anaplastic cancer of thyroid in 14-year-old male. The diagnosis was supported on: pace of changes, clinical image, disease course, no effect of therapy, histopathological examination.
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Carcinoma , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Adolescente , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Germ-line mutations in the BRCA2 gene are associated with a wide range of cancer types, including the breast, ovary, pancreas, prostate and melanoma. In this study, we evaluated the importance of a family history of stomach cancer in predicting the presence of a BRCA2 mutation in Polish patients with ovarian cancer. A BRCA2 mutation was found in eight of 34 women with ovarian cancer and a family history of stomach cancer versus three of 75 women with ovarian cancer and a family history of ovarian cancer, but not of stomach cancer (odds ratio=7.4; 95% CI 1.8-30; P=0.004). The results of this study suggest that, in the Polish population, the constellation of ovarian and stomach cancer predicts the presence of a germ-line BRCA2 mutation and confirms that stomach cancer is part of the spectrum of BRCA2 mutations. It is expected that the penetrance of BRCA2 mutations for stomach cancer will vary from country to country, reflecting local environmental and lifestyle factors.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Genes BRCA2 , Mutación de Línea Germinal , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Femenino , Humanos , PoloniaRESUMEN
The effect of sulforaphane on human lymphoblastoid cells originating from a patient of a high cancer risk was studied. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a naturally occurring substance of chemopreventive activity. In our study, changes in cell growth, induction of apoptosis and phase 2 enzymes as well as glutathione level were examined. Apoptosis was tested by confocal microscopy at three stages: change in mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase activation and phosphatidylserine externalization. We show that SFN increases the activity of the detoxification system: it increases quinone reductase activity at low concentration (0.5-1 microM) and raises glutathione level in a dose-dependent manner. At higher doses (2.5-10 microM) sulforaphane is a cell growth modulator, as it caused cell growth cessation (IC50 = 3.875 microM), and apoptosis inducer. The results obtained suggest that sulforaphane acts as a chemopreventive agent in human lymphoblastoid cells.
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Anticarcinógenos/farmacología , Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos/enzimología , NAD(P)H Deshidrogenasa (Quinona)/biosíntesis , Tiocianatos/farmacología , Anticarcinógenos/química , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Caspasas/metabolismo , Línea Celular , Inducción Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Glutatión/metabolismo , Humanos , Inactivación Metabólica , Isotiocianatos , Linfocitos/citología , Potenciales de la Membrana/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Fosfatidilserinas/metabolismo , Sulfóxidos , Tiocianatos/químicaRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: There is still an urgent need for obstetricians to develop new, noninvasive, accurate methods of diagnosing preterm labor. The purpose of this study was to evaluation of maternal serum corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations and its concentration with onset of labor. The analysis was undertaken of women hospitalized in Research Institute Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Clinical of Perinatology (2001-2002) year with pregnancy between 16 to 35 weeks. All pregnancies were singleton gestation free of medical complications but with threatened labor. Maternal peripheral blood samples were obtained from antecubital vein during the first day of hospitalization. The control group consisted of 77 pregnant who delivered term infants whose growth was appropriate for gestational age. The study group consisted of pregnant women who gave preterm delivery. The serum CRF concentrations were measured using EIA method. Maternal serum CRF concentration in control group was 7.28 +/- 1.92 ng/ml. The material was obtained in 26.2 +/- 4.5 week of gestation. CRF concentration in studied group was 6.37 +/- 1.86 ng/ml +/- and the serum was obtained in 24.3 +/- 4.9 ng/ml weeks of gestation. The results were paradoxically significantly higher in control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results were not in agreement with the findings of other investigators.
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Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/sangre , Trabajo de Parto Prematuro/sangre , Trabajo de Parto Prematuro/etiología , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Polonia , Embarazo , Resultado del Embarazo , Diagnóstico Prenatal/métodos , Radioinmunoensayo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Localization of adipose tissue influence on obesity-dependent diseases. In obese people many abnormalities are observed connected with coagulation factors and fibrinolysis. We studied 47 peri- and postmenopausal female patients, who were operated on for benign changes within the pelvis minor. The patients were divided according to BMI (group I--BMI < 25 kg/m2, group II--BMI > 29 kg/m2). In obese women lower SHBG concentration, higher insulin and glucose fasting blood levels, higher LDL, higher total fatty tissue content, higher fibrinogen level and elevated PAI-1 activity were found. A positive correlation between area under insulin curve and PAI-1 activity and a negative correlation between fasting insulin levels and tPA were also observed. Based on the studies performed it can be said that: 1. Fatty tissue content in postmenopausal women exerts an influence on PAI-1 activity. 2. Obesity influences coagulation and fibrinolysis system in peri- and postmenopausal women. 3. Carbohydrate metabolism disturbances have influence on PAI-1 activity in peri- and postmenopausal women.
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Fibrinólisis , Menopausia/sangre , Obesidad/sangre , Premenopausia/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Factores de Coagulación Sanguínea/metabolismo , Glucemia/metabolismo , Composición Corporal , Índice de Masa Corporal , Peso Corporal , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Femenino , Fibrinógeno/metabolismo , Humanos , Insulina/sangre , Lipoproteína(a)/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , Inhibidor 1 de Activador Plasminogénico/sangre , Valores de Referencia , Globulina de Unión a Hormona Sexual/metabolismoRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Croup syndrome is an urgent and frequent reason for hospitalization of children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 632 children with croup syndrome (422 boys and 210 girls aged 2 months-17 years) admitted to 15 pediatric departments in Lower Silesia were prospectively observed for 12 months (from April 2001 to March 2002). We conducted prospective survey of clinical and laboratory data from all study centers. RESULTS: Following diagnoses were accepted as the croup syndrome: subglottic laryngitis in 482 patients (75.4%), laryngotracheobronchitis in 75 (11.8%), laryngitis in 50 (7.8%) and epiglottitis in 20 children (3%). The most severe course was observed in children with epiglottitis. Four of them required airway intervention and had endotracheal intubation. H. influenzae b was cultured from blood of one patient. The most cases of epiglottitis occurred in the 3rd year of life (45%). CONCLUSIONS: 1. The most common reason of croup was subglottic laryngitis. 2. Epiglottitis was rare with serious course of disease; frequency was comparable with the frequency seen in European countries before the implementation of Hib vaccine. The routine use of Hib vaccine in Poland may prevent from children life threatening epiglottis cases.
Asunto(s)
Crup/etiología , Crup/terapia , Adolescente , Bronquitis/complicaciones , Bronquitis/terapia , Niño , Preescolar , Crup/microbiología , Crup/prevención & control , Epiglotitis/complicaciones , Epiglotitis/terapia , Femenino , Infecciones por Haemophilus/sangre , Infecciones por Haemophilus/terapia , Vacunas contra Haemophilus/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Lactante , Laringitis/complicaciones , Laringitis/terapia , Masculino , Polonia , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to estimate treatment practice in hospital management of croup syndrome (laryngitis subglottica) in children in Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the period of 12 months, we have prospectively observed 482 children with croup syndrome admitted to 15 pediatric departments in Lower Silesia (south-west region of Poland). Data concerning epidemiology, clinical course and treatment were collected from uniform observation cards. There were 326 boys and 156 girls aged between 2 and 174 months in our study. RESULTS: Among 482 observed children, received glucocorticoids 424 (88%) mainly parenteral, L-epinephrine--211 (43.8%), mist therapy--241 (50%), antihistamines--308 (63.9%), antibiotics--280 (58.1%). Children treated with antibiotics were younger (p=0.0316), their temperature, amount of leukocytes and value of C-reactive protein was higher when compared with those not treated (p=0.0002; p=0.0081, p=0.0172 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Children in Lower Silesia with croup syndrome were treated in agreement with recent standards with glucocorticoids and/or epinephrine. There was an excessive usage of antihistamines which have no established treatment role. It seems that in many cases antibiotic treatment could have been avoided.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Crup/tratamiento farmacológico , Epinefrina/uso terapéutico , Glucocorticoides/uso terapéutico , Antagonistas de los Receptores Histamínicos H1/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Polonia , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: A retrospective comparison of treatment difficulties and treatment outcomes in Lisfranc joint injuries with late and early diagnosis. METHODS: The study group consisted of 10 patients diagnosed and treated properly within six months to 20 years of the accident causing the injury (mean six years). The control group consisted of the same number of randomly selected patients with a similar type of injury treated immediately after the accident. Mean follow-up was 13 years in the study group and eight years in the control group. The analysis evaluated the causes of the delay and the foot function at the time of follow up, measured using the AOFAS Midfoot Scale and the Lublin Foot Functional Score. The scores of the patients were analyzed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test and the non-parametric Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: The control group had statistically significantly better scores on both scales. CONCLUSION: The main cause of treatment delay was misdiagnosis by the primary care physician. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Comparative Study .