RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the characteristics of older adults with cognitive impairment in Macao. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the quality of life (QOL) of older adults living in the community and nursing homes. METHODS: A consecutive sample of 413 subjects (199 from the community; 214 from nursing homes) was recruited and interviewed using standardized instruments. Cognition was measured with the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status and QOL with the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. RESULTS: Altogether 87 subjects (21.0%) had cognitive impairment. On multivariate analyses, advanced age (P < 0.001, OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03-1.1) and depressive symptoms (P = 0.03, OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 0.005-1.1) were positively associated with cognitive impairment. Married marital status (P = 0.01, OR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.1-0.7) and higher education level (P < 0.001, OR = 0.1, 95%CI: 0.06-0.3) were negatively associated with cognitive impairment. After the confounders were controlled for, cognitive impairment was significantly associated with the lower psychological (F (11,412) = 6.3, P = 0.01) and social relationship domains of QOL (F (11,412) = 4.0, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Cognitive impairment was found to be common in community-dwelling and nursing home resident older adults in Macao. Given cognitive impairment's negative impact on QOL, appropriate strategies should be implemented to improve access to treatment in this population.
Asunto(s)
Disfunción Cognitiva/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Disfunción Cognitiva/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/psicología , Escolaridad , Femenino , Evaluación Geriátrica , Humanos , Vida Independiente , Macao/epidemiología , Masculino , Estado Civil , Persona de Mediana Edad , Casas de Salud , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To examine the prevalence of sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating sleep [DIS], difficulty maintaining sleep [DMS], and early morning awakening [EMA]), their socio-demographic and clinical correlates, and quality of life (QOL) in older adults in Macao. DESIGN AND METHODS: Four hundred fifty-one subjects were interviewed using standardized instruments. FINDINGS: The prevalence of at least one type of sleep disturbance was 38.1%; the figures of DIS, DMS, and EMA were 18.6, 31.3, and 23.9%, respectively. Female sex and depressive symptoms were independently associated with more frequent sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances were independently associated with lower physical QOL. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Sleep disturbances are common in older adults in Macao. Appropriate strategies should be implemented to prevent and treat sleep disturbances and concerted attempts should be made to improve access to treatment.