Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 173
Filtrar
Más filtros

Bases de datos
País/Región como asunto
Tipo del documento
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Nature ; 612(7941): 673-678, 2022 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36450987

RESUMEN

Electrochemical saline water electrolysis using renewable energy as input is a highly desirable and sustainable method for the mass production of green hydrogen1-7; however, its practical viability is seriously challenged by insufficient durability because of the electrode side reactions and corrosion issues arising from the complex components of seawater. Although catalyst engineering using polyanion coatings to suppress corrosion by chloride ions or creating highly selective electrocatalysts has been extensively exploited with modest success, it is still far from satisfactory for practical applications8-14. Indirect seawater splitting by using a pre-desalination process can avoid side-reaction and corrosion problems15-21, but it requires additional energy input, making it economically less attractive. In addition, the independent bulky desalination system makes seawater electrolysis systems less flexible in terms of size. Here we propose a direct seawater electrolysis method for hydrogen production that radically addresses the side-reaction and corrosion problems. A demonstration system was stably operated at a current density of 250 milliamperes per square centimetre for over 3,200 hours under practical application conditions without failure. This strategy realizes efficient, size-flexible and scalable direct seawater electrolysis in a way similar to freshwater splitting without a notable increase in operation cost, and has high potential for practical application. Importantly, this configuration and mechanism promises further applications in simultaneous water-based effluent treatment and resource recovery and hydrogen generation in one step.

2.
Small ; : e2404199, 2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38949393

RESUMEN

The performance of perovskite solar cells has been continuously improving. However, humidity stability has become a key problem that hinders its promotion in the process of commercialization. A buffer layer deposited by atomic layer deposition is a very helpful method to solve this problem. In this work, MgO film is deposited between Spiro-OMeTAD and electrode by low-temperature atomic layer deposition at 80 °C, which resists the erosion of water vapor, inhibits the migration of electrode metal ions and the decomposition products of perovskite, then finally improves the stability of the device. At the same time, the MgO buffer layer can passivate the defects of porous Spiro, thus enhancing carrier transport efficiency and device performance. The Cs0.05(FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15 perovskite device with a MgO buffer layer has displayed PCE of 22.74%, also with a high Voc of 1.223 V which is an excellent performance in devices with same perovskite component. Moreover, the device with a MgO buffer layer can maintain 80% of the initial efficiency after 7200 h of storage at 35% relative humidity under room temperature. This is a major achievement for humidity stability in the world, providing more ideas for further improving the stability of perovskite devices.

3.
Br J Dermatol ; 2024 Aug 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39141587

RESUMEN

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) represent a severe spectrum of rare mucocutaneous reactions, primarily drug-induced and characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. These conditions manifest through extensive skin detachment, distinguishing them from other generalized skin eruptions. The rarity and severity of SJS/TEN underscore the importance of accurate diagnostic criteria and effective treatments, which are currently lacking consensus. This review proposes new diagnostic criteria to improve specificity and global applicability. Recent advancements in understanding the immunopathogenesis of SJS/TEN are explored, emphasizing the role of drug-specific T cell responses and HLA polymorphisms in disease onset. The review also addresses current therapeutic approaches, including controversies surrounding the use of immunosuppressive agents and the emerging role of TNF-α inhibitors. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting specific pathogenic mechanisms, such as necroptosis and specific immune cell pathways, are discussed. Furthermore, the development of new drugs based on these insights, including targeted monoclonal antibodies and inhibitors, are examined. The review concludes by advocating for more robust and coordinated efforts across multidisciplinary medical fields to develop effective treatments and diagnostic tools for SJS/TEN, with the aim of improving patient outcomes and understanding of the disease and its mechanisms.

4.
Arch Microbiol ; 205(1): 49, 2023 Jan 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36595076

RESUMEN

Campylobacter is regarded as the leading cause of zoonotic diseases and Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is one of the predominant pathogenic species. To track C. jejuni infections, various genotyping methods have been used. In this study, amplified intergenic locus polymorphism (AILP) was used to type C. jejuni for the first time. To confirm its feasibility, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed as a control, and the results obtained by the AILP and PFGE methods were compared. Fifty-one isolates were resolved into 34 and 29 different genotypes with Simpson's indices of 0.976 and 0.967 using the AILP and PFGE methods, respectively. The adjusted Rand coefficient of the two approaches was as high as 0.845. In summary, the data showed that the two genotyping methods were similar for discriminating isolates and were both appropriate methods to distinguish whether two isolates were indistinguishable, but the AILP was faster and less costly than PFGE. Therefore, the AILP is a reliable, rapid, and highly discriminative method to genotype C. jejuni collected from poultry meat, which is helpful to effectively monitor C. jejuni.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Campylobacter , Campylobacter jejuni , Animales , Campylobacter jejuni/genética , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Tipificación Molecular , Polimorfismo Genético , Genotipo , Pollos , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana/métodos
5.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed ; 39(5): 498-505, 2023 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37306455

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Identifying treatment responders after a single session of photo-based procedure for hyperpigmentary disorders may be difficult. OBJECTIVES: We aim to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) to test the hypothesis that there exist discernible features in pretreatment photographs for identifying favorable responses after photo-based treatments for facial hyperpigmentation and develop a clinically applicable algorithm to predict treatment outcome. METHODS: Two hundred and sixty-four sets of pretreatment photographs of subjects receiving photo-based treatment for esthetic enhancement were obtained using the VISIA® skin analysis system. Preprocessing was done by masking the facial features of the photographs. Each set of photographs consists of five types of images. Five independently trained CNNs based on the Resnet50 backbone were developed based on these images and the results of these CNNs were combined to obtain the final result. RESULTS: The developed CNN algorithm has a prediction accuracy approaching 78.5% with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve being 0.839. CONCLUSION: The treatment efficacy of photo-based therapies on facial skin pigmentation can be predicted based on pretreatment images.


Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Redes Neurales de la Computación , Humanos , Prueba de Estudio Conceptual , Piel , Resultado del Tratamiento
6.
Skin Res Technol ; 29(4): e13314, 2023 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37113097

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused changes in the medical practice. However, it is unclear whether the patients receiving phototherapy for their dermatoses have been affected. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on phototherapy, focusing on the patient profile, adherence, and attitude before and after the surge. METHODS: The study encompassed the time 5 months prior to and after the surge of the COVID-19 pandemic (from May to July, 2021), resulting in the temporary closure of our phototherapeutic unit. RESULTS: Nine hundred eighty-one patients received phototherapy during this period. Vitiligo, psoriasis (Ps), and atopic dermatitis (AD) represented the groups with the highest patient numbers. For vitiligo, Ps and AD, 39.6%, 41.9%, and 28.4% of the patients resumed phototherapy after the pandemic-related shutdown (PRS). No significant difference was noted in age, gender, and number of weekly sessions between those who resumed or stopped phototherapy after PRS among three groups. Patients who resumed phototherapy after PRS tended to receive more weekly sessions of phototherapy than those who initiated after PRS. Additionally, patients who resumed phototherapy showed no significant difference in the number of weekly sessions before and after PRS. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals a significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients undergoing phototherapy. Although the patient number remained similar before and after PRS, a significant portion of patients discontinued phototherapy after PRS. New strategies and continued education are needed to improve patient management in times of pandemic.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Dermatitis Atópica , Psoriasis , Terapia Ultravioleta , Vitíligo , Humanos , Terapia Ultravioleta/métodos , Taiwán/epidemiología , Pandemias , COVID-19/etiología , Fototerapia , Psoriasis/terapia
7.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(5)2023 Feb 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36901720

RESUMEN

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important cause of chronic wounds and non-traumatic amputation. The prevalence and number of cases of diabetic mellitus are increasing worldwide. Keratinocytes, the outermost layer of the epidermis, play an important role in wound healing. A high glucose environment may disrupt the physiologic functions of keratinocytes, resulting in prolonged inflammation, impaired proliferation, and the migration of keratinocytes and impaired angiogenesis. This review provides an overview of keratinocyte dysfunctions in a high glucose environment. Effective and safe therapeutic approaches for promoting diabetic wound healing can be developed if molecular mechanisms responsible for keratinocyte dysfunction in high glucose environments are elucidated.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Glucosa , Humanos , Movimiento Celular , Queratinocitos/fisiología , Epidermis
8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(13)2023 Jul 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37446180

RESUMEN

Ginsenosides are major bioactive compounds found in Panax ginseng that exhibit various pharmaceutical properties. Dammarenediol-II, the nucleus of dammarane-type ginsenosides, is a promising candidate for pharmacologically active triterpenes. Dammarenediol-II synthase (DDS) cyclizes 2,3-oxidosqualene to produce dammarenediol-II. Based on the native terpenoids synthetic pathway, a dammarane-type ginsenosides synthetic pathway was established in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by introducing P. ginseng PgDDS, CYP450 enzyme (PgCYP716A47), or/and Arabidopsis thaliana NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase gene (AtCPR), which is responsible for producing dammarane-type ginsenosides. To enhance productivity, strategies such as "gene loading" and "culture optimizing" were employed. Multiple copies of transgene expression cassettes were introduced into the genome to increase the expression of the key rate-limiting enzyme gene, PgDDS, significantly improving the titer of dammarenediol-II to approximately 0.2 mg/L. Following the culture optimization in an opt2 medium supplemented with 1.5 mM methyl jasmonate under a light:dark regimen, the titer of dammarenediol-II increased more than 13-fold to approximately 2.6 mg/L. The C. reinhardtii strains engineered in this study constitute a good platform for the further production of ginsenosides in microalgae.


Asunto(s)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , Ginsenósidos , Panax , Triterpenos , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/genética , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/metabolismo , Triterpenos/metabolismo , Panax/genética , Damaranos
9.
Cell Immunol ; 382: 104631, 2022 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36272268

RESUMEN

Hepatitis is closely related to cirrhosis and liver cancer, and it is vital that we develop new drugs and identify new drug targets. Traditional Chinese medicine has demonstrated excellent curative effects on liver diseases. The ingredients from Chinese herbals are important source for drug development in the treatment of hepatitis. Here, we found that narciclasine (NCS), a major component extracted from narcissus bulbs, showed hepatoprotective effect against concanavalin A (Con A) induced hepatitis. NCS treatment significantly reduced hepatocyte death, hepatic inflammatory cells infiltration, and serum cytokine levels in Con A challenged mice. We further observed that NCS directly inhibited Con A induced splenocytes proliferation and cytokine production in vitro. RNA-seq results showed that genes related to immune response were upregulated in Con A treated CD4+ T cells, which were down-regulated in the presence of NCS. Moreover, the AMPK pathway had been found activated in response to NCS treatment, suggesting a potential target for NCS targets. In conclusion, our results reveal that NCS is a powerful immunosuppressor against T cell activation, thus leading to protection against Con A induced liver injury in mice. These findings provide new insights into the use of natural products in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP , Linfocitos T , Ratones , Animales , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/farmacología , Concanavalina A , Hígado , Citocinas , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL
10.
Clin Exp Dermatol ; 47(4): 782-783, 2022 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34923664

RESUMEN

Combining low-dose tofacitinib with 308-nm excimer may be an effective treatment for patients with nonsegmental vitiligo who were refractory to conventional therapies.


Asunto(s)
Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Vitíligo , Humanos , Piperidinas , Pirimidinas , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vitíligo/radioterapia
11.
J Formos Med Assoc ; 121(7): 1191-1203, 2022 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35219557

RESUMEN

Urticaria is a prevalent disease with substantial physical, psychological, and economic impacts. With the advent of understandings of the disease and the emerging evidence of treatments, the international guidelines for treating urticaria have been updated in recent years. In order to update the 2014 edition of the Taiwanese Dermatological Association (TDA) consensus of urticaria, a total of 17 dermatologists with extensive experience in urticaria management were invited to and attended the TDA consensus meetings. All the specific aspects of the content were approved by at least 75% of the experts in attendance. Comparing to the former edition, several substantial modifications were made. For diagnosis, D-dimer was added as the recommended routine test in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. For pharmacological management, treatment suggestions were simplified. The approved-dosed, the up-dosed second-generation antihistamines, omalizumab, and cyclosporine were listed as the first-line to the fourth-line treatment, respectively. In addition, the management for patients of special considerations, such as the elderly, children, and pregnant women, were all discussed and mentioned in the consensus. We hope the updated TDA consensus can serve as a reference for all physicians and can help the physicians providing up-to-dated managements for these patients.


Asunto(s)
Urticaria , Anciano , Niño , Enfermedad Crónica , Consenso , Ciclosporina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Omalizumab/uso terapéutico , Embarazo , Urticaria/diagnóstico , Urticaria/tratamiento farmacológico
12.
BMC Gastroenterol ; 21(1): 271, 2021 Jun 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34193069

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: γδT cells play an important role in the mucosa inflammation and immunity-associated disorders. Our previous study reported that γδ T cells producing IL-17 were involved in the pathogenesis of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). However, their subset characteristic profile in this kind of disease remains unclear. Thus the current study's aim is to investigate the functionally predominant subset and its role in PI-IBS. METHODS: The total T cells were collected from the peripheral blood of patients with PI-IBS. The peripheral proportion of Vδ1 and Vδ2 subset was detected by FACS after stained with anti δ1-PE and anti δ2-APC. The local colonic proportion of this two subsets were measured under laser confocal fluorescence microscope. Vδ1 γδ T cells were enriched from the total peripheral T cells by minoantibody-immuno-microbeads (MACS) method and cultured, functionally evaluated by CCK-8 assay (proliferation), CD69/CD62L molecules expression assay (activation) and ELISA (IL-17 production) respectively. RESULTS: 1. Vδ1 γδ T cells significantly increased while Vδ2 γδ T cells remained unchanged in both the peripheral blood and local colonic tissue from PI-IBS patients (p < 0.05). 2. When cultured in vitro, the Vδ1 γδ T cells remarkably proliferated, activated and produced IL-17 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that Vδ1 γδ T cells was the predominant γδ T cells subset in both peripheral and intestinal tissue, and was the major IL-17 producing γδ T cells in PI-IBS.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome del Colon Irritable , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T gamma-delta , Adulto , Humanos , Interleucina-17 , Linfocitos T
13.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed ; 36(4): 257-262, 2020 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32022939

RESUMEN

Phototherapy is the most commonly used modality for repigmenting vitiligo. Currently, UVB emitting devices, including narrow-band UVB (NBUVB) and excimer laser/light, are considered as the treatment of choice. While emitting wavelengths at close proximity, excimer lights emit higher irradiance (HI; W/m2 ) compared to NBUVB. Clinical reports have shown that excimer light is more efficacious in treating vitiligo compared to NBUVB, and we demonstrated that irradiance plays a critical role in promoting melanoblasts differentiation. UVB radiation from the sun is closely associated with photocarcinogenesis of the skin. Sunscreens were used to protect the skin by reducing UVB irradiance (low irradiance (LI) UVB). Sunscreen use was associated with skin cancer reduction in clinical trials. Paradoxically, sunscreen use was associated with increased sunburn episodes in the real-world settings. It was shown that UVB-induced sunburn depends on fluence (J/m2 ) but not irradiance of UVB radiation. We investigated the significance of irradiance in the context of UVB-induced carcinogenesis of the skin. For mice receiving equivalent fluence of UVB exposure, the LIUVB-treated mice showed earlier tumor development, larger tumor burden, and more epidermal keratinocytes harboring mutant p53 as compared to their HIUVB-treated counterparts. These results suggested that at equivalent fluence, LIUVB radiation has more photocarcinogenic potential on the skin compared to its HI counterpart. Since development of sunburn with or without sunscreen use indicates that certain threshold of UVB fluence has been received by the skin at LI and HI, respectively, sunburn episodes with sunscreen use (LIUVB) are more damaging to the skin compared to that without sunscreen (HIUVB) application. In summary, since irradiance plays an important role determining the biological effects of UVB radiation on the skin, future related studies should take this critical parameter into consideration.


Asunto(s)
Carcinogénesis/efectos de la radiación , Neoplasias Cutáneas/etiología , Rayos Ultravioleta/efectos adversos , Terapia Ultravioleta , Vitíligo/radioterapia , Animales , Humanos , Láseres de Excímeros/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Neoplasias Cutáneas/prevención & control , Protectores Solares/uso terapéutico , Terapia Ultravioleta/efectos adversos , Terapia Ultravioleta/métodos
14.
Australas J Dermatol ; 61(4): 346-348, 2020 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32403195

RESUMEN

An easy and objective way to evaluate mid-face sagging is marking straight lines between the nasal alar and the mandibular angle, one in the supine and the other in an upright position. The maximal distance between the two lines drawn is measured. Statistic analyses shows that this maximum distance demonstrates positive correlation with age and body mass index that reflects the level of mid-face sagging. This simple method may be utilised to evaluate the effect of anti-ageing treatment on the face in the context of mid-face sagging.


Asunto(s)
Antropometría/métodos , Mejilla/anatomía & histología , Mejilla/fisiología , Envejecimiento de la Piel/fisiología , Adulto , Anciano , Elasticidad/fisiología , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos Piloto , Fenómenos Fisiológicos de la Piel , Taiwán , Adulto Joven
15.
Exp Dermatol ; 28 Suppl 1: 23-27, 2019 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30698877

RESUMEN

Solar radiation is one of fundamental elements sustaining and maintaining life on earth. Previous studies on health effects from the sun exposure mostly focused on ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Although exposure to the solar radiation likely occurs in an environment with elevated temperature, the effects and interactions of elevated environmental temperature with UV radiation on the skin, especially in the context of ageing and carcinogenesis, have not been carefully examined. It is known that UVA radiation results in reduced production and increased degradation of dermal collagen, contributing to photoageing of the skin. Previous studies showed conflicting results regarding the effects of increased environmental temperature on dermal collagen. Additionally, we demonstrated that solar-simulated radiation and increased environmental temperature have similar impacts on dermal fibroblasts through activation of distinct pathways. UVB radiation is well known for its carcinogenic capacity. Previously, it was reported that exposure to heat treatment before UVB radiation reduces epidermal keratinocyte cell death. We demonstrated that exposure to elevated environmental temperature prior to UVB radiation reduces UVB-induced skin tumor formation. We proposed that alterations in molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics were involved for the observed increased environmental temperature-induced protective effect against UVB damage. This review emphasizes that both environmental temperature and solar radiation are important elements in nature that have significant impacts on the human health, and future studies should focus on the biological effects and interactions of environmental temperature and solar radiation since this scenario is most relevant to the real-world setting.


Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento de la Piel , Neoplasias Cutáneas/prevención & control , Piel/efectos de la radiación , Temperatura , Animales , Carcinogénesis , Colágeno/metabolismo , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Fibroblastos/efectos de la radiación , Humanos , Queratinocitos/efectos de la radiación , Ratones , Teoría Cuántica , Enfermedades de la Piel/etiología , Enfermedades de la Piel/prevención & control , Neoplasias Cutáneas/etiología , Luz Solar , Rayos Ultravioleta/efectos adversos
16.
Exp Dermatol ; 28 Suppl 1: 10-14, 2019 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30698884

RESUMEN

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is based on the exposure of biological tissues to low-level laser light (coherent light) or light-emitting diodes (LEDs; noncoherent light), leading to the modulation of cellular functions, such as proliferation and migration, which result in tissue regeneration. PBM therapy has important clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder resulting from disappearance of functional melanocytes in the involved skin. Vitiligo repigmentation depends on available melanocytes derived from (a) melanocyte stem cells located in the bulge area of hair follicles and (b) the epidermis at the lesional borders, which contains a pool of functional melanocytes. Since follicular melanoblasts (MBs) are derived from the melanocyte stem cells residing at the bulge area of hair follicle, the process of vitiligo repigmentation presents a research model for studying the regenerative effect of PBM therapy. Previous reports have shown favourable response for treatment of vitiligo with a low-energy helium-neon (He-Ne) laser. This review focuses on the molecular events that took place during the repigmentation process of vitiligo triggered by He-Ne laser (632.8 nm, red light). Monochromatic radiation in the visible and infrared A (IRA) range sustains matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), improves mitochondrial function, and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and O2 consumption, which lead to cellular regenerative pathways. Cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria was reported to be the photoacceptor upon which He-Ne laser exerts its effects. Mitochondrial retrograde signalling is responsible for the cellular events by red light. This review shows that He-Ne laser initiated mitochondrial retrograde signalling via a Ca2+ -dependent cascade. The impact on cytochrome c oxidase within the mitochondria, an event that results in activation of CREB (cyclic-AMP response element binding protein)-related cascade, is responsible for the He-Ne laser promoting functional development at different stages of MBs and boosting functional melanocytes. He-Ne laser irradiation induced (a) melanocyte stem cell differentiation; (b) immature outer root sheath MB migration; (c) differentiated outer root sheath MB melanogenesis and migration; and (d) perilesional melanocyte migration and proliferation. These photobiomodulation effects result in perifollocular and marginal repigmentation in vitiligo.


Asunto(s)
Hipopigmentación/radioterapia , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Pigmentación de la Piel , Vitíligo/radioterapia , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Movimiento Celular/efectos de la radiación , Complejo IV de Transporte de Electrones/metabolismo , Células Epidérmicas/efectos de la radiación , Folículo Piloso/metabolismo , Humanos , Rayos Infrarrojos , Rayos Láser , Láseres de Gas/uso terapéutico , Luz , Metaloproteinasas de la Matriz/metabolismo , Melanocitos/citología , Consumo de Oxígeno , Medicina Regenerativa , Transducción de Señal , Células Madre/citología
18.
Clin Exp Dermatol ; 48(12): 1405-1408, 2023 11 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37668311

Asunto(s)
Mano , Úlcera , Humanos
19.
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA