Wheezing and risk factors in the first year of life in Cantabria, Spain. The EISL study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of wheezing during the first year of life in Cantabria, Spain and its associated risk factors. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, multicentre, descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in a representative sample of 958 infants in the first year of life, born in Cantabria. A previously validated and standardised written questionnaire was completed by the parents of infants seen between 12 and 15 months of age in the Primary Care Centres. RESULTS: The prevalence of wheezing was 32.7%. A relationship was found with male gender (OR 1.38, 95%CI [1.05-1.81]), the presence of a sibling (OR 2.43 [1.38-3.98]), attending nursery school (OR 2.40 [1.71-3.35]), exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months (OR 1.47 [1.12-1.93]), a first cold at ≤3 months (OR 2.07 [1.56-2.74]), asthma in siblings (OR 2.17 [1.25-3.77]), parental allergic rhinitis (OR 1.62 [1.10-2.37]) and paracetamol use >1 a week (OR 2.49 [1.31-4.73]), and maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 2.18 [1.51-3.15]). The prevalence of recurrent wheezing (≥3 episodes) was 14.3%. Significant associations were observed with the male gender (OR 1.79 [1.23-2.60]), attending nursery school (OR 2.92 [1.96-4.35]), first cold at ≤3 months (OR 2.11 [1.46-3.04]), eczema (OR 1.92 [1.21-3.04]), maternal asthma (OR 1.77 [1.00-3.14]), exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months (OR 1.53 [1.06-2.22]), and maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 1.53 [1.05-2.22]). CONCLUSIONS: One third of the infants experienced wheezing during the first year of life; those who were less exclusively breastfed, attended nursery school, presented eczema, family asthma or allergic rhinitis, and maternal smoking during pregnancy.

Wheezing and risk factors in the first year of life in Cantabria, Spain. The EISL study

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of wheezing during the first year of life in Cantabria, Spain and its associated risk factors. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, multicentre, descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in a representative sample of 958 infants in the first year of life, born in Cantabria. A previously validated and standardised written questionnaire was completed by the parents of infants seen between 12 and 15 months of age in the Primary Care Centres. RESULTS: The prevalence of wheezing was 32.7%. A relationship was found with male gender (OR 1.38, 95%CI [1.05-1.81]), the presence of a sibling (OR 2.43 [1.38-3.98]), attending nursery school (OR 2.40 [1.71-3.35]), exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months (OR 1.47 [1.12-1.93]), a first cold at ≤3 months (OR 2.07 [1.56-2.74]), asthma in siblings (OR 2.17 [1.25-3.77]), parental allergic rhinitis (OR 1.62 [1.10-2.37]) and paracetamol use >1 a week (OR 2.49 [1.31-4.73]), and maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 2.18 [1.51-3.15]). The prevalence of recurrent wheezing (≥3 episodes) was 14.3%. Significant associations were observed with the male gender (OR 1.79 [1.23-2.60]), attending nursery school (OR 2.92 [1.96-4.35]), first cold at ≤3 months (OR 2.11 [1.46-3.04]), eczema (OR 1.92 [1.21-3.04]), maternal asthma (OR 1.77 [1.00-3.14]), exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months (OR 1.53 [1.06-2.22]), and maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 1.53 [1.05-2.22]). CONCLUSIONS: One third of the infants experienced wheezing during the first year of life; those who were less exclusively breastfed, attended nursery school, presented eczema, family asthma or allergic rhinitis, and maternal smoking during pregnancy

No disponible

[Flunarizine and dihydroergotamine in the treatment of migraine in children]. / Flunarizina o dihidroergotamina en el tratamiento de la migraña en la infancia. Estudio randomizado de 50 pacientes.

We administer during 6 months in randomised way dihydroergotamine or flunarizine to 50 children affects of classical or common migraine. A significative improvement was estimated in frequency, intensity and duration of their crisis in 87% with dihydroergotamine and 79% with flunarizine, without significative differences from one to other. Dihydroergotamine was specially effective in children with vegetative lability. The secondary effects, 12% with dihydroergotamine and 20% with flunarizine, were trivial and advantageous even, without the necessity of stop the treatment in not any case.

[Knowledge and attitude of professors concerning epilepsy. Evaluation of a survey conducted on 4,099 professors of Cantabria]. / Conocimientos y actitudes de los profesores sobre la epilepsia. Valoración de una encuesta efectuada a los 4.099 profesores de Cantabria.

Thanks to a survey sent the 4,099 teachers of Cantabria, we value their knowledge and attitudes about the epileptic child. After analyses the 1,283 surveys were sent back (31.3%), 28% of teachers had had an epileptic pupil, although the 89% never had received specialized information about epilepsy, whose etiology was unknown by 30%. A quarter thinks necessary special school or complementary help for the schoolhood of these children, and the 23% thinks the epileptic child is less intelligent than his fellows.

Prevalencia de asma bronquial, rinitis alérgica y dermatitis atópica en adolescentes de 13-14 años de Cantabria / Prevalence of bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in 13-14 year old adolescents from Cantabria

Introducción: El asma bronquial, la rinitis alérgica y la dermatitis atópica son las patologías infantiles más frecuentes en los países desarrollados, con una morbilidad y prevalencia que ha aumentado en las últimas décadas. El estudio ISAAC (International Study o f Asthma and Allergies in Childhood), ha establecido un método de cuestionario que permite la comparación de la prevalencia y gravedad de estas enfermedades entre las diferentes comunidades. En España, se ha demostrado una gran variabilidad geográfica entre los centros participantes, con resultados de prevalencia que en el caso del asma oscila entre el 5,5 y el 14,6 por ciento. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal de prevalencia y gravedad de asma bronquial, rinitis alérgica y dermatitis atópica mediante cuestionario escrito y videocuestionario del estudio ISAAC, a 1.813 adolescentes de 13-14 años de edad escolarizados en las ciudades de Santander y Torrelavega. Resultados: El número total de encuestas validadas fue de 1.813 adolescentes que representó el 80,5 por ciento de la población de estudio (n = 2.253). La prevalencia acumulada de asma fue del 24,9 por ciento y la prevalencia actual de asma (asma en el último año) del 16,7 por ciento [IC-95 por ciento:15,0 por ciento-18,5 por ciento]. Un 16,8 por ciento de los adolescentes refieren haber sido diagnosticados de asmáticos. Un 21,1 por ciento refieren asma inducido por el ejercicio. La prevalencia acumulada de asma medida con el videocuestionario es de un 27,2 por ciento y la prevalencia actual de asma es de un 14,4 por ciento. El 9,9 por ciento de los adolescentes se identificaron con la escena de ataque severo de asma del videocuestionario. No se encontraron diferencias significativas según el sexo y entre ambas ciudades en las prevalencias acumulada y actual de asma bronquial. El 55,1 por ciento de los adolescentes manifestaron historia previa de síntomas relacionados con rinitis y el 44,3 por ciento [IC 95 por ciento: 42,0-46,6 por ciento], refirieron síntomas en el último año (prevalencia actual). Un 12 por ciento asociaron síntomas de rinoconjuntivitis en el último año, y los meses primaverales fueron cuando presentaron con más frecuencia síntomas nasales. Un 16,8 por ciento de los adolescentes refieren haber sido diagnosticados de rinitis alérgica o fiebre del heno y solo al 6 por ciento de ellos, los problemas nasales les impidió realizar las actividades diarias de vez en cuando o muchas veces. El 10,5 por ciento de los encuestados tuvo alguna vez dermatitis atópica, y el 7,3 por ciento [IC 95 por ciento: 6,2-8,6 por ciento], presentaron dermatitis atópica en el último año. Las formas severas de dermatitis atópica que alteraban el sueño fueron infrecuentes (1,5 por ciento), y un 15,2 por ciento de los adolescentes refieren haber sido diagnosticados de eczema o dermatitis atópica. Conclusiones: La elevada prevalencia de síntomas relacionados con asma bronquial, rinitis alérgica y dermatitis atópica en los adolescentes de 13-14 años estudiados en Cantabria es concordante con la referida en otras zonas geográficas de nuestro país con metodología semejante, siendo la prevalencia de asma bronquial la más alta de las publicadas. El conocimiento de estos resultados contribuirá a no infravalorar la sintomatología alérgica nasal y cutánea en la infancia y a un mejor control de los factores predisponentes (AU)