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Background: Current treatments with urate-lowering therapy (ULT) are effective for most patients with gout. However, approximately 10% of these patients do not respond well to ULT and develop chronic tophus lesions. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of surgery involving the shaver technique against chronic tophus lesions. Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study included 217 patients who had cumulatively undergone 303 shaver-assisted procedures between 2002 and 2018. Surgical outcomes were assessed in terms of the length of hospital stay (LOS) and wound healing time. Results: LOS and wound healing time were longer in patients with a preoperative tophus infection and lower extremity lesions than in those without infection and with upper extremity lesions (respectively, LOS: 12.7 vs. 8.6 days; wound healing time: 22.7 vs. 16.3 days). However, factors such as age, sex, body mass index, renal function, or uricemia level exerted no significant effect on surgical outcomes. Conclusion: Surgery involving the shaver technique should be performed before tophus infection. Clinical outcomes tend to be better for upper extremity lesions than for lower extremity lesions.
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Gota , Tiempo de Internación , Cicatrización de Heridas , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Resultado del Tratamiento , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Gota/cirugía , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedad Crónica , Adulto , Extremidad Superior/cirugía , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Extremidad Inferior/cirugíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Alloplastic chin augmentation is the most common esthetic surgical treatment to reshape the chin. However, factory-made chin implants are typically standardized rather than custom-made and have potential to cause complications. Although the fabrication of custom-made implants by using computer-assisted planning and 3D-printing technology has become widespread, the process has several disadvantages, including long preoperative prosthesis preparation times, high costs, and unsuitability for patients with asymmetric chins or those who undergo combined mandibuloplasty before implant placement. The present study developed an innovative chin augmentation technique involving stacked expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) sheets that is suitable for most patients and has minimal side effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of a single surgeon's experience was performed over a 2 year period for patients who underwent a procedure involving piled-up e-PTFE sheets for alloplastic chin augmentation. This study analyzed the outcomes, complications (temporary nerve numbness, wound infection, hematoma formation, and implant displacement), and patient satisfaction during follow-up. RESULTS: Between January 2018 and December 2020, 38 patients underwent the procedure involving piled-up e-PTFE sheets for alloplastic chin augmentation. Six patients (15.8%) experienced nerve-related temporary numbness, and one (2.6%) experienced wound infection. None had developed major complications such as implant displacement or wound infection at follow-up. Moreover, the patients demonstrated a high level of satisfaction with the surgical results. CONCLUSION: Piled-up e-PTFE sheets can be used to produce custom-fit porous polyethylene chin implants that result in minimal complications and a very high satisfaction rate. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Politetrafluoroetileno , Diseño de Prótesis , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Adulto , Masculino , Mentón/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estética , Satisfacción del Paciente , Prótesis e Implantes , Adulto Joven , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Treatment of condylar fractures in patients with edentulous mandibles or no-occlusion reference is particularly challenging due to the absence of important anatomical structures and landmark for occlusion analysis. In this case, a 69-year-old female maxillary oligodontia victim suffered from a traumatic accident with a right facial contusion, resulting in a right-side subcondylar and mandibular ramus fracture with right ramus height loss. In the preoperative planning, the 3-dimensionalimage of the left-side mandible was highlighted by the navigation software. A mirror image of the left-side mandible was made and superimposed on the right side of the face. Surgical intervention with an endoscope and 3-dimensional navigation-assisted open reduction and internal fixation of the right-side subcondylar and ramus fracture was performed. The patient recovered well with no restriction in mandibular movement, no limitation in mouth opening, and a satisfied esthetic outcome.
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Orbital floor fractures subsequently lead to consequences such as diplopia and enophthalmos. The graft materials used in orbital floor fractures varied from autografts to alloplastic grafts, which possess certain limitations. In the present study, a novel porcine bone matrix decellularized by supercritical CO2 (scCO2), ABCcolla® Collagen Bone Graft, was used for the reconstruction of the orbital framework. The study was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital (KMUH). Ten cases underwent orbital floor reconstruction in KMUH in 2019. The orbital defects were fixed by the implantation of the ABCcolla® Collagen Bone Graft. Nine out of ten cases used 1 piece of customized ABCcolla® Collagen Bone Graft in each defect. The other case used 2 pieces of customized ABCcolla® Collagen Bone Graft in one defect area due to the curved outline of the defect. In the outpatient clinic, all 10 cases showed improvement of enophthalmos on CT (computerized tomography) at week 8 follow-up. No replacement of implants was needed during follow-ups. To conclude, ABCcolla® Collagen Bone Graft proved to be safe and effective in the reconstruction of the orbital floor with high accessibility, high stability, good biocompatibility, low infection rate and low complication rate.
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Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Matriz Extracelular Descelularizada/uso terapéutico , Fracturas Orbitales/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Animales , Dióxido de Carbono/uso terapéutico , Enoftalmia/complicaciones , Enoftalmia/cirugía , Femenino , Xenoinjertos/trasplante , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Órbita/patología , Órbita/cirugía , Fracturas Orbitales/complicaciones , Estudios Retrospectivos , Colgajos Quirúrgicos/trasplante , Porcinos , Taiwán , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Augmentative and reconstructive rhinoplasty surgical procedures use autologous tissue grafts or synthetic grafts to repair the nasal defect and aesthetic reconstruction. Donor site trauma and morbidity are common in autologous grafts. The desperate need for the production of grafted 3D cartilage tissues as rhinoplasty grafts without the adverse effect is the need of the hour. In the present study, we developed a bioactive 3D histotypic construct engineered with the various ratio of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) and chondrocytes together with decellularized porcine nasal cartilage graft (dPNCG). We decellularized porcine nasal cartilage using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) extraction technology. dPNCG was characterized by H&E, DAPI, alcian blue staining, scanning electron microscopy and residual DNA content, which demonstrated complete decellularization. 3D histotypic constructs were engineered using dPNCG, rat ADSC and chondrocytes with different percentage of cells and cultured for 21 days. dPNCG together with 100% chondrocytes produced a solid mass of 3D histotypic cartilage with significant production of glycosaminoglycans. H&E and alcian blue staining showed an intact mass, with cartilage granules bound to one another by extracellular matrix and proteoglycan, to form a 3D structure. Besides, the expression of chondrogenic markers, type II collagen, aggrecan and SOX-9 were elevated indicating chondrocytes cultured on dPNCG substrate facilitates the synthesis of type II collagen along with extracellular matrix to produce 3D histotypic cartilage. To conclude, dPNCG is an excellent substrate scaffold that might offer a suitable environment for chondrocytes to produce 3D histotypic cartilage. This engineered 3D construct might serve as a promising future candidate for cartilage tissue engineering in rhinoplasty.
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Cartílagos Nasales/trasplante , Cultivo Primario de Células/métodos , Rinoplastia/métodos , Ingeniería de Tejidos/métodos , Andamios del Tejido/química , Animales , Dióxido de Carbono/química , Células Cultivadas , Condrocitos , Condrogénesis , Matriz Extracelular , Humanos , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Cartílagos Nasales/química , Ratas , PorcinosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Full myectomy is recommended for benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) refractory to botulinum toxin (BT) treatment, but long-term swelling, scar contracture, hollow appearance, and unnatural contour of the eyelids are common postoperative complications. We present myotomy in situ to minimize these adverse outcomes. METHODS: The redundant eyelid skin with its underlying muscle is resected first, and myotomy in situ is performed by completely cutting the residual orbicularis oculi muscles into multiple cubes and down to the subcutaneous layer, and then cutting the procerus and corrugator muscles down to the periosteum. Patient demographics, medical treatment history, BT injection history, blepharoptosis correction techniques, associated surgical procedures, and aesthetic outcomes were analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative BT injection dosage and frequency, as well as modified disability scores, were compared using paired Student t tests. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients underwent this technique. Their average ± SD age was 64.4 ± 8.9 years, with average postoperative follow-up occurring 17.0 ± 8.0 months. Associated diseases included blepharoptosis (88%) and apraxia of lid opening (44%). There were no postoperative hematoma, seroma, scar contracture, and depressed hollow eyelid contours. Preoperative to postoperative assessments revealed improvements in mean BT injection interval (10.4 ± 2.1 to 14.6 ± 2.9 weeks, P < 0.001), BT injection dosage (44.4 ± 13.3 to 28.1 ± 6.7 units, P < 0.001), and modified disability score (15.3 ± 3.0 to 2.8 ± 2.2, P < 0.001). All patients were highly satisfied with functional and aesthetic surgical outcomes (4.5 ± 0.6 on Likert scale). CONCLUSIONS: Myotomy in situ is effective for patients with BEB who are refractory to BT treatment, with therapeutic benefits similar to that of full myectomy with the ability to maintain favorable cosmetic results. Relative high incidence of blepharoptosis and apraxia of lid opening in patients with refractory BEB was reported. Simultaneous correction of the ptosis can further optimize outcomes.
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Blefaroptosis , Toxinas Botulínicas , Miotomía , Anciano , Blefaroespasmo , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculos Oculomotores , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos OftalmológicosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The reconstruction of a large postmastectomy chest wall defect for patients with stage III/IV breast cancer is a challenge for plastic surgeons. In this study, we present the application of an extended transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap to easily and safely reconstruct these defects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review from November 1997 to November 2016 revealed that 65 patients with stage III/IV breast cancer immediately underwent postmastectomy TRAM flap reconstruction. In total, 16 patients were enrolled in this study based on the inclusion criteria of a postmastectomy chest skin defect size of greater than or equal to 100 cm and a TRAM flap size of greater than or equal to 80% of the lower abdominal area for reconstruction. RESULTS: Eleven (68.9%) and 5 patients (31.3%) were diagnosed with stage III and stage IV breast cancer, respectively. The chest wall skin defects ranged from 135 to 440 cm. All flap areas exceeded 80% of the lower abdominal area. Overall, 100% of the harvested flaps were used in 3 patients, and only 1 patient had marginal necrosis in zone IV. No total flap loss was observed. The average length of hospital stay was 5.8 days, and the mean follow-up duration was 46.6 months (range, 4.5-117.7 months). On a Likert scale, the mean follow-up satisfaction score of 10 patients was 4.7. CONCLUSIONS: Even when the flap area exceeded 80% of the lower abdominal area, the extended TRAM flap proved an effective and viable method for the immediate reconstruction of extensive postmastectomy chest wall skin defects, resulting in few minor complications and high follow-up satisfaction scores.
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Neoplasias de la Mama , Mamoplastia , Colgajo Miocutáneo , Pared Torácica , Neoplasias de la Mama/cirugía , Humanos , Mastectomía , Recto del Abdomen/trasplante , Estudios Retrospectivos , Pared Torácica/cirugíaRESUMEN
AIMS: To evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile health (mHealth) application, based on self-regulation theory, on patients' knowledge of wound care, skills in changing dressings and anxiety. DESIGN: A prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Seventy patients (or family members) at a 1,500-bed university hospital in Taiwan were randomized into an experimental (N = 35) or control group (N = 35) from March to December 2016. The experimental group used a mHealth application for wound care; the control group received verbal instructions and a booklet. Instruments to collect data were a wound care knowledge scale, wound care skills scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and a digital heart variability device. Data were collected at baseline, after three additional demonstrations and before discharge. The generalized estimating equation was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significantly higher levels of wound care knowledge, improved wound care skills, lower levels of state anxiety, and lower heart rate variability than the control group after baseline data collection. CONCLUSIONS: Results support hat a mHealth application may be effective in health education. Clinicians can use the results to promote patients' wound care knowledge, enhance their wound care skills, and reduce anxiety related to dressing changes. IMPACT: Lack of wound care knowledge and skills can affect the willingness and ability to perform effective wound dressing changes, producing anxiety and having an impact on a patient's self-care after hospital discharge. mHealth applications (apps) have the potential to deliver health information in targeted and tailored ways that strengthen the self-management of diseases. mHealth app can increase wound care knowledge, improve care skills, and reduce anxiety related to wound care. mHealth app effectively supports self-monitoring of the wound healing process, self-judgement of the wound condition, and self-reaction of wound care accuracy. mHealth app provides step-by-step visual tutorials on wound care that allow patients and family caregivers to take pictures of the wounds and monitor the wound healing process. mHealth app for wound care knowledge is an effective and individualized method for learning. CLINICAL TRIAL: This study was registered by U.S. National Library of Medicine, ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03683303).
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Ansiedad , Vendajes , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Aplicaciones Móviles , Telemedicina/métodos , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , TaiwánRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has become the most serious global health issue. Isolation policy in hospitals is one of the most crucial protocols to prevent nosocomial infection of COVID-19. It is important to monitor and assess the physical conditions of the patients in isolation. METHODS: Our institution has installed the novel non-contact wireless sensor for vital sign sensing and body movement monitoring for patients in COVID-19 isolation ward. RESULTS: We have collected and compared data between the radar record with the nurse's handover record of two patients, one recorded for 13 days and the other recorded for 5 days. The P value by Fisher's exact test were 0.139 (temperature, P > 0.05) and 0.292 (heart beat rate, P > 0.05) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report about the application experience of this equipment. Therefore we attempted to share the experience and try to apply this equipment in COVID-19 patients in future to offer the more reliable and safe policy.
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Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Monitoreo Fisiológico/instrumentación , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Radar/instrumentación , Telemetría/instrumentación , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Infecciones por Coronavirus/prevención & control , Infección Hospitalaria/prevención & control , Administración Hospitalaria , Humanos , Movimiento , Pandemias/prevención & control , Aislamiento de Pacientes , Neumonía Viral/prevención & control , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and its subsequent global spread, Taiwan has been combatting this pandemic. COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted through droplets and aerosols, we cannot ignore the risk of transmission during hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Our hyperbaric oxygen therapy center prioritizes preventing the spread of COVID-19 and maintaining operation for the patients during the pandemic. The aim of this article is to share the protocol that we have adopted in our hyperbaric oxygen therapy center to help prevent the spread of COVID-19.
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Infecciones por Coronavirus/prevención & control , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica/métodos , Pandemias/prevención & control , Neumonía Viral/prevención & control , COVID-19 , Humanos , TaiwánRESUMEN
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) has been used to reduce neuropathic pain. Melatonin and opioid receptors are involved in neuropathic pain, but it is not known if HBOT works through these pathways to achieve its antinociceptive effect. We divided anesthetized rats into two treatment and three sham groups. The two treatment groups received third-degree burns on their right hind paws, one treated in a hyperbaric chamber for a week and the other for two weeks. We evaluated the mechanical paw-withdrawal threshold (MWT) and expression of melatonin receptor 1 (MT1), melatonin receptor 2 (MT2), µ (MOR) and κ (KOR) opioid receptor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Substance P, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in cuneate nucleus, dorsal horn, and hind paw skin by immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence assays and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The group receiving one-week HBOT had increased expressions of MT1, MT2, MOR and KOR and decreased expressions of BDNF, Substance P, and CGRP. Their mechanically measured pain levels returned to normal within a week and lasted three weeks. This anti-allodynia effect lasted twice as long in those treated for two weeks. Our findings suggest that increasing the duration of HBOT can reduce burn-induced mechanical allodynia for an extended period of time in rats. The upregulation of melatonin and opioid receptors observed after one week of HBOT suggests they may be partly involved in attenuation of the mechanical allodynia. Downregulation of BDNF, substance P and CGRP may have also contributed to the overall beneficial effect of HBOT.
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Quemaduras/complicaciones , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Neuralgia/etiología , Neuralgia/terapia , Animales , Astrocitos/metabolismo , Astrocitos/patología , Conducta Animal , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/metabolismo , Péptido Relacionado con Gen de Calcitonina/metabolismo , Proteína Ácida Fibrilar de la Glía/metabolismo , Masculino , Bulbo Raquídeo/metabolismo , Nocicepción , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Receptores de Melatonina/metabolismo , Receptores Opioides/metabolismo , Piel/patología , Asta Dorsal de la Médula Espinal/metabolismo , Sustancia P/metabolismoRESUMEN
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, and the abnormal proliferation, apoptosis and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, liraglutide, has been shown to prevent pulmonary hypertension in monocrotaline-exposed rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of liraglutide on autophagy, mitochondrial stress and apoptosis induced by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB). PASMCs were exposed to PDGF-BB, and changes in mitochondrial morphology, fusion-associated protein markers, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were examined. Autophagy was assessed according to the expressions of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II, LC3 puncta and Beclin-1. Western blot analysis was used to assess apoptosis, mitochondrial stress and autophagy markers. Liraglutide significantly inhibited PDGF-BB proliferation, migration and motility in PASMCs. PDGF-BB-induced ROS production was mitigated by liraglutide. Liraglutide increased the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and decreased the expression of p-Yes-associated protein (p-YAP), inhibited autophagy-related protein (Atg)-5, Atg-7, Beclin-1 and the formation of LC3-ß and mitochondrial fusion protein dynamin-related (Drp)1. Therefore, liraglutide can mitigate the proliferation of PASMCs via inhibiting cellular Drp1/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) pathways and Atg-5/Atg-7/Beclin-1/LC3ß-dependent pathways of autophagy in PAH.
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Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Receptor del Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón/agonistas , Hipertensión Arterial Pulmonar/etiología , Hipertensión Arterial Pulmonar/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Becaplermina/metabolismo , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Liraglutida/farmacología , Masculino , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Dinámicas Mitocondriales/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Biológicos , Músculo Liso Vascular/citología , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/efectos de los fármacos , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Hipertensión Arterial Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Ratas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Lower blepharoplasty has been used for rejuvenating lower eyelids, and diverse modifications have been used to treat conjunct deformities at the tear trough/lid-cheek junction. Strategies for recontouring prominent tear trough/lid-cheek junctions, including orbital fat manipulation, have been reported with good results in the literature. Micro-autologous fat transplantation (MAFT) is a previously unevaluated, potentially advantageous approach to blending the prominent tear trough/lid-cheek junction. OBJECTIVES: We determined the long-term results after 3-step transcutaneous lower blepharoplasty with MAFT for patients with aging eyelids and prominent tear trough/lid-cheek junctions. METHODS: We evaluated 205 patients with aging lower eyelids who underwent transcutaneous lower blepharoplasty with MAFT between October 2010 and September 2016. The 3-step procedure involved a subciliary elliptical skin excision, resection of 3 orbital fat compartments, and MAFT for the tear trough/lid-cheek junction employing a MAFT-GUN under intravenous anesthesia. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 52 years (range, 34-78 years). The mean operating time was 61 minutes. The mean fat volumes delivered to the tear trough/lid-cheek junctions were 2.80 mL and 2.76 mL for the left and right sides, respectively. The average weights of the 3 resected orbital fat compartments were 0.58 g for the left side and 0.56 g for the right side. Patients showed significant improvement and maintenance at an average follow-up of 60.2 months (range, 18-90 months). CONCLUSIONS: Three-step transcutaneous lower blepharoplasty with MAFT is an effective, reliable, and promising method with high patient satisfaction and minimal risk of complications. Long-term results demonstrated its utility for aging lower eyelid treatment.
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Tejido Adiposo/trasplante , Blefaroplastia/métodos , Microinyecciones/métodos , Satisfacción del Paciente , Envejecimiento de la Piel , Adulto , Anciano , Blefaroplastia/instrumentación , Párpados/cirugía , Estudios de Factibilidad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Microinyecciones/instrumentación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tempo Operativo , Rejuvenecimiento , Trasplante Autólogo/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
We investigated the interactions of ALPK1 variants and the loci of ABCG2, SLC2A9, and SLC22A12 on gout risk. We conducted two case-control studies. Participants were recruited from hospitals (n = 410; 104 gout cases and 306 controls) and communities (n = 678; 373 gout cases and 305 controls) in Taiwan. The genotypes of ALPK1 (rs11726117 M861T, rs231247 R1084R, and rs231253 3' UTR), ABCG2 (rs2231142 Q141K and rs2231137 V12M), SLC2A9 (rs3733591 R265H and rs1014290), and SLC22A12 (rs3825016 H86H, rs11231825 H142H, and rs475688) were genotyped. Under a recessive model, the joint effects of ALPK1 variants and the SNPs rs2231142 of ABCG2, rs1014290 of SLC2A9, or rs475688 and rs3825016 of SLC22A12 were associated with gout. The rs11726117 [CC] of ALPK1 and rs2231142 [TT] of ABCG2 with the sequential addition of the rs1014290 [AA] of SLC2A9 and rs3825016 [CC] of SLC22A12 were associated with gout risk (odds ratio (OR): 13.01, 15.11, and 55.00 and positive predictive value (PPV): 56%, 69%, and 99% in the Han group, respectively; OR: 3.76, 5.78, and 12.30 and PPV: 74%, 80%, and 81% in the aboriginal group, respectively). Combined exposure to the four high-risk genotypes of ALPK1 and the uric-acid-related loci of ABCG2, SLC2A9, and SLC22A12 was associated with an increased gout risk and a high PPV for gout.
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Transportador de Casetes de Unión a ATP, Subfamilia G, Miembro 2/genética , Sitios Genéticos , Proteínas Facilitadoras del Transporte de la Glucosa/genética , Gota/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Transportadores de Anión Orgánico/genética , Proteínas de Transporte de Catión Orgánico/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Proteínas Quinasas/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las PruebasRESUMEN
Objective: No effective treatments have yet been developed for burn-induced neuropathic pain. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been reported to ameliorate various types of inflammation pain. However, the effect of PRP on burn-induced neuropathic pain is unclear. Methods: Burn-induced neuropathic pain Sprague-Dawley rat model was confirmed using a mechanical response test 4 weeks after the burn injuries were sustained, following which PRP was injected in the scar area. The rats were divided into four groups (n = 6) as following: Group A, Sham; Group B, Sham + PRP; Group C, Burn; and Group D, Burn + PRP. Four weeks after the PRP injection, the animals were subjected to behavior tests and then sacrificed; specimens were collected for inflammation tests, Masson's trichrome stain and chromosome 10 (PTEN) in the injured skin; and PTEN, phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), p38, nuclear factor κB (NFκB), chemokine (CC motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), and CCL2 cognate receptor (CCR2) in spinal cord dorsal horns through immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Results: PRP significantly alleviated allodynia in burn-induced neuropathic pain 4 weeks after treatment, and PTEN expression in the skin and spinal cord were significantly increased in group D compared with the group C. p-PTEN, p-mTOR, and CCL2 expression in neuron cells; p-p38 and p-NFκB expression in microglia; and p-JNK and p-NFκB activation in spinal astrocytes decreased significantly in the group D compared with the group C. Conclusions: PRP is effective in treating burn-induced neuropathic pain and may be used in clinical practice.
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Quemaduras/terapia , Cicatriz/terapia , Neuralgia/terapia , Plasma Rico en Plaquetas , Animales , Astrocitos/patología , Quemaduras/genética , Quemaduras/fisiopatología , Quimiocina CCL2/genética , Cicatriz/genética , Cicatriz/fisiopatología , Expresión Génica/genética , Humanos , Neuralgia/fisiopatología , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN/genética , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/fisiopatología , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/terapia , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Floppy eyelid syndrome (FES) is typically characterized by chronic eye irritation and an increased laxity of the upper eyelid that can be easily everted by applying minimal upward traction. However, it is a clinical entity that is less known to most plastic surgeons. Blepharoptosis is one of the most common features, which links to FES, for which a thorough differential diagnosis has become important in directing proper medical treatment. PURPOSE: This review aims to discuss current understanding about FES in a broader spectrum, encompassing the clinical features and evaluation of FES, the underlying etiologies, systemic associations, and surgical procedures for upper eyelid tightening. METHODS: The literature search was conducted in Endnote interface using the keyword "floppy eyelid" through March 2017. All search abstracts were reviewed without language restriction. Citations of identifiable articles were also examined. RESULTS: Despite the exact definition of FES remains ambiguous, patients with FES often demonstrate unresolvable blepharoptosis, dermatochalasis, eyelash ptosis, entropion, or ectropion of the lower eyelid. The pathological course of FES can be worrisome because it is often associated with both ocular and systemic morbidities, most notably papillary conjunctivitis, keratoconus, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Decades of research into the pathogenesis has lent further recognition linking the eyelid floppiness with a loss of elastic fibers, an increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases, and possible collagen gene mutations. Surgery is usually prompted if conservative measures give limited responses. High surgical success rates with different follow-up time have been reported. CONCLUSIONS: For plastic surgeons, early recognition of FES is important because of its chronic, distressing course and the associated morbidities. We believe that surgical intervention is the most effective treatment of choice. The indication for embarking on surgery is based on the clinical severity of the condition. A variety of blepharoplasty techniques for FES have been proposed, including full-thickness wedge excision of the tarsus, medial and lateral canthal ligament ligation, conchal cartilage graft, lateral tarsal strip with flap, and lateral tarsorrhaphy. Most of the procedures have provided excellent visual and aesthetic outcomes; therefore, early surgical intervention is encouraged if early diagnosis can be made.
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Blefaroplastia/métodos , Blefaroptosis/diagnóstico , Blefaroptosis/cirugía , Estética , Enfermedades de los Párpados/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Párpados/cirugía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Síndrome , Taiwán , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Nd:YAG laser has been used extensively for its versatility in treating many common aesthetic problems, but numerous adverse effects are often complained by recipients of Nd:YAG laser. This study introduces the ANT1 soybean extract cream, which was formulated to alleviate adverse effects after laser therapy. This study explores whether ANT1 enhances the repair mechanism of the postlaser skin, decreases laser-induced complication, and shortens recovery time. The study also aims to pinpoint the ANT1 concentration that is most effective in improving the skin condition after Nd-YAG laser therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients eligible for the study were Asian women, aged 25 to 40 years, who were free of dermatological diseases and allergic reaction. There were a total of 45 subjects. Each subject received a session of Nd-YAG laser therapy every 2 weeks, totaling 3 sessions. Facial skin assessment was achieved via VISIA complexion analysis. VISIA complexion analysis quantitatively assessed the skin condition and tracked the recovery progress of each subject at baseline, immediately after all 3 laser sessions, and a week after the final laser treatment. RESULTS: Skin condition was evaluated by VISIA complexion analysis. Skin condition was recorded in aspects of pigmented spots, wrinkles, texture, pores, and red area. After Nd-YAG laser therapy, postlaser inflammation was observed in all subjects. Throughout the laser sessions and the outpatient follow-up clinic, the adverse effects of laser therapy, such as redness, spots, wrinkles, pores, and textures, decreased with the use of ANT1 cream. There has been a marked effect in wrinkle reduction in the patients who received a higher concentration of ANT1 cream (P ≤ 0.05). Statistically significant improvement in spots and pores is also seen (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Through this study, the results suggest that the application of ANT1 soybean extract cream ameliorates the complications and enhances the cosmetic effects of Nd-YAG laser therapy. A higher concentration of the ANT1 cream significantly reduces wrinkles and redness after laser. All in all, this study proves that the ANT1 soy extract cream may be a useful addition to postlaser care for an overall enhancement in skin condition and recovery.
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Dermatitis Irritante/etiología , Dermatitis Irritante/terapia , Glycine max , Láseres de Estado Sólido/uso terapéutico , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/efectos adversos , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Centros Médicos Académicos , Administración Tópica , Adulto , Método Doble Ciego , Emolientes , Estética , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Láseres de Estado Sólido/efectos adversos , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Valores de Referencia , Medición de Riesgo , Taiwán , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment has been proven to decrease neuroinflammation in rats. This study aimed to determine the potential mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of HBO treatment on burn-induced neuroinflammation in rats. Thirty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to the following six groups (n = 6 per group): (1) sham burn with sham HBO treatment; (2) sham burn with HBO treatment; (3) burn with one-week sham HBO treatment; (4) burn with two-week sham HBO treatment; (5) burn with one-week HBO treatment; and (6) burn with two-week HBO treatment. SD rats that received third-degree burn injury were used as a full-thickness burn injury model. Subsequently, we analyzed the expression of proteins involved in the galectin-3 (Gal-3)-dependent Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) pathway through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis, and Western blotting. A behavior test was also conducted, which revealed that HBO treatment significantly suppressed mechanical hypersensitivity in the burn with HBO treatment group compared to the burn with sham HBO treatment group (p < 0.05). ELISA results showed that tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1ß) levels in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and the skin significantly decreased in the burn with HBO treatment group compared with the burn with sham HBO treatment group (p < 0.05). Western blotting results demonstrated that HBO treatment significantly reduced the expression of Gal-3 and TLR-4 in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in the burn with HBO treatment group compared with the burn with sham HBO treatment group (p < 0.05). IHC analysis showed that the expression of Gal-3, TLR-4, CD68 and CD45 in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord was significantly lower in the burn with HBO treatment group than in the burn with sham HBO treatment group (p < 0.05), and the expression of CD68 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the right hind paw skin was significantly lower. The expression of vimentin and fibroblast growth factor in the right hind paw skin was significantly higher after HBO treatment (p < 0.05). This study proved that early HBO treatment relieves neuropathic pain, inhibits the Gal-3-dependent TLR-4 pathway, and suppresses microglia and macrophage activation in a rat model.
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Quemaduras/terapia , Galectina 3/metabolismo , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Neuralgia/terapia , Receptor Toll-Like 4/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Escala de Evaluación de la Conducta , Quemaduras/complicaciones , Quemaduras/metabolismo , Miembro Posterior , Interleucina-1beta/análisis , Masculino , Microglía/metabolismo , Neuralgia/etiología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Asta Dorsal de la Médula Espinal/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/análisisRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: A gummy smile is treated using many techniques, including botulinum toxin injection and various surgical interventions. Micro-autologous fat transplantation (MAFT) is a potentially advantageous alternative approach that has not been previously evaluated. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine the long-term results of MAFT in patients with a gummy smile. METHODS: Seven patients with gummy smiles were evaluated for MAFT treatment between October 2015 and April 2017. Centrifuged purified fat was micro-transplanted into the nasolabial groove, ergotrid, and upper lip areas using the MAFT-GUN while the patients were under total intravenous anesthesia. RESULTS: The mean age of the 7 patients was 31 years (range, 23-40 years). The mean operating time for MAFT was 52 minutes (range, 40-72 minutes), and the mean volume of fat delivered to the nasolabial groove, ergotrid, and upper lip was 16.1 mL. The mean decreases of gingival display in the right canine incisor, left canine incisor, right canine, and left canine teeth were 4.9, 4.6, 3.8, and 4.4 mm, respectively. The smiles of the 7 patients showed significant improvement at an average follow-up time of 12.9 months. CONCLUSIONS: Gummy smile treatment using MAFT is an effective, reliable, and relatively simple method, with high patient satisfaction and minimal risk of complications.
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Grasa Abdominal/trasplante , Técnicas Cosméticas , Sonrisa , Adulto , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Inyecciones/métodos , Labio/cirugía , Masculino , Surco Nasolabial/cirugía , Satisfacción del Paciente , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Trasplante Autólogo/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The reported rate of isolated medial orbital wall fractures varies widely but has been found to be as high as 55% of all orbital fractures. Identifying and repairing medial orbital wall defects by using appropriate materials improves patient outcome considerably; however, most related research has focused on orbital floor defect management rather than medial orbital wall treatment, and no consensus on repairing medial orbital wall fractures exists. Furthermore, medial orbital wall fracture is a main cause of posttraumatic enophthalmos. In this study, we introduce a modified surgical technique for repairing large medial wall fractures stably, also reviewed relevant literature and established an algorithm for managing medial orbital wall fractures. METHODS: We reviewed the outcomes of facial trauma patients who underwent facial bone reduction and internal fixation surgery in our hospital between October 1, 2010, and October 1, 2013. The patients were all treated medial orbital wall reconstruction with porous polyethylene by using a transconjunctival approach with a caruncular extension for large medial orbital wall fractures. Medical records and radiologic images of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. The outcomes evaluated were trauma mechanism, clinical findings of ocular injury, preoperative and postoperative ocular symptoms, degree of enophthalmos, and orbital volume restoration after surgery. RESULTS: Transconjunctival approach with a caruncular extension was performed without any complications. The incidence of diplopia was 47.4% and enophthalmos (>2 mm) was 31.6%, with no significant diplopia and enophthalmos after surgery. Patients were symptom-free on follow-up. The average enophthalmos was successfully corrected from 0.88 mm preoperatively to 0.26 mm and orbital volume was corrected from 26.22 to 22.99 cm after surgery; these results also showed P less than 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: The current results suggest that the proposed method of medial orbital wall reconstruction, in which porous polyethylene is implanted by using a transconjunctival approach with a caruncular extension, yields favorable outcomes. The approach facilitates a wide visualization of the operative field, which provides sufficient working space for implant insertion and is consequently free from iatrogenic trauma or surgery-related complications.