RESUMEN
PURPOSE: to investigate the main factors associated with fetal death in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. METHODS: an observational, case-control study, including cases attended from June 1st 2004 to 31st March 2005. A number of 116 stillbirth cases and 472 live birth controls, with deliveries assisted at the service, were included. The cases were identified in the record book from the delivery room. The puerperium women were identified by the name and register number at a puerperium infirmary. The controls were selected, using the puerperium infirmary neighborhood criterion, identifying the beds with numbers immediately lower (two patients) and higher (two patients) than the patient's, as far as they had delivered live babies. In case they did not agree to participate in the research, the next beds with numbers consecutively lower or higher were approached. The chi2 association and Fisher's exact tests were used when necessary to test the association between the independent (predictive) and dependent (stillborn) variables, considering 5% as the significance level. To determine the association strength, the estimate of relative risk for case-control cases, Odds Ratio (OR) was used, with 95% as the confidence interval (CI). Logistic regression analysis according to the hierarchy model was done to control confounding factors. RESULTS: the fetal mortality rate corresponded to 24.4 by 1,000 births. After the multivariate analysis, the variables which kept significantly associated with fetal death were: malformation (OR=7.5; CI=3.2-17.4), number of pre-natal appointments lower than six (OR=4.4; CI=2.5-7.5), hemorrhagic syndromes (OR=2.9; CI=1.4-5.7), attendance in another hospital unit along the 24 hours which preceded the patient's admission in the institution (OR=2.9; CI=1.8-4.6), mothers' age over or equal to 35 years old (OR=2.2; CI=1.0-4.9) and schooling lower than eight years (OR=1.6; CI=1.02-2.6). CONCLUSIONS: it was found a high fetal mortality coefficient, the main factors associated with death were: malformation, number of pre-natal appointments lower than six, hemorrhagic syndromes, history of attendance previous to the hospital admission, mothers' age over or equal to 35 and schooling lower than eight years.
Asunto(s)
Mortinato , Adulto , Brasil , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: investigar os principais fatores associados a óbitos fetais na cidade de Recife, no Pernambuco, Brasil. MÉTODOS: foi realizado um estudo observacional do tipo caso-controle, incluindo casos atendidos no período de 1 de Junho de 2004 a 31 de Março de 2005. Foram incluídos 116 casos (natimortos) e 472 controles (nativivos), com parto assistido no serviço. Os casos foram identificados no livro de registro da sala de parto. A partir do nome e número de registro, foram identificadas as puérperas numa enfermaria de puerpério. Para seleção dos controles, foi obedecido ao critério de vizinhança da enfermaria de puerpério, identificando-se os leitos com numeração imediatamente inferior (duas pacientes) e superior (duas pacientes), desde que tivessem parido nascidos vivos. Caso não concordassem em participar da pesquisa, eram abordadas sucessivamente as numerações de leito consecutivamente menores ou maiores. Para testar a associação entre as variáveis independente (preditoras) e dependente (natimortos), foi utilizado o teste do χ2 de associação e o exato de Fisher, quando indicado, considerando-se o nível de significância de 5 por cento. Para determinação da força da associação, foi utilizada a estimativa do risco relativo para os estudos de caso-controle, Odds Ratio (OR), calculando seu intervalo de confiança (IC) a 95 por cento. Foi realizada análise de regressão logística seguindo o modelo hierarquizado para controle dos fatores de confusão. RESULTADOS: a taxa de mortalidade fetal correspondeu a 24,4 por 1.000 nascimentos. Depois da análise multivariada, as variáveis que persistiram significativamente associadas ao óbito fetal foram: presença de malformações (OR=7,5; IC=3,2-17,4), número de consultas durante o pré-natal menor que seis (OR=4,4; IC=2,5-7,5), síndromes hemorrágicas (OR=2,9; IC=1,4-5,7), atendimento em outra unidade hospitalar nas 24 horas que antecederam a admissão da paciente na instituição (OR=2,9; IC=1,8-4,6)...
PURPOSE: to investigate the main factors associated with fetal death in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. METHODS: an observational, case-control study, including cases attended from June 1st 2004 to 31st March 2005. A number of 116 stillbirth cases and 472 live birth controls, with deliveries assisted at the service, were included. The cases were identified in the record book from the delivery room. The puerperium women were identified by the name and register number at a puerperium infirmary. The controls were selected, using the puerperium infirmary neighborhood criterion, identifying the beds with numbers immediately lower (two patients) and higher (two patients) than the patient's, as far as they had delivered live babies. In case they did not agree to participate in the research, the next beds with numbers consecutively lower or higher were approached. The χ2 association and Fisher's exact tests were used when necessary to test the association between the independent (predictive) and dependent (stillborn) variables, considering 5 percent as the significance level. To determine the association strength, the estimate of relative risk for case-control cases, Odds Ratio (OR) was used, with 95 percent as the confidence interval (CI). Logistic regression analysis according to the hierarchy model was done to control confounding factors. RESULTS: the fetal mortality rate corresponded to 24.4 by 1,000 births. After the multivariate analysis, the variables which kept significantly associated with fetal death were: malformation (OR=7.5; CI=3.2-17.4), number of pre-natal appointments lower than six (OR=4.4; CI=2.5-7.5), hemorrhagic syndromes (OR=2.9; CI=1.4-5.7), attendance in another hospital unit along the 24 hours which preceded the patient's admission in the institution (OR=2.9; CI=1.8-4.6), mothers' age over or equal to 35 years old (OR=2.2; CI=1.0-4.9) and schooling lower than eight years (OR=1.6; CI=1.02-2.6). CONCLUSIONS...