RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relationships between Taiwan black pigs (TBP) and other pig breeds by means of 15 fluorescent-labeled microsatellite markers. DNA from a total of 299 TBP from eight private farms and 234 purebred pigs representing six breeds and one synthetic line was used. Among the 15 microsatellite loci, polymorphism information content (PIC) values were all above 0.500; the numbers of observed alleles were all greater than the numbers of effective alleles (10.1 vs. 4.3 in averages). But 13 of the 15 microsatellite markers significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE); moreover, 13 of the 15 tested populations also deviated from the HWE. The inbreeding coefficient (F(IS)) indicated that two TBP populations (TBP-3 and TBP-4) had heterozygote deficiency (P < 0.01). The pair-wise F(ST), representing the genetic diversity between the two populations, ranged from 0.0332 to 0.3809. Meishan and Taoyuan breeds with black hair were previously considered closely related to TBP; however, the result of genetic relationship refuted this assumption. In conclusion, TBP is more similar to the European than Chinese breeds, and further investigations will need to clarify it more accurately.