Efficient all-inorganic red perovskite light-emitting diodes with dual-interface-modified perovskites by vapor deposition.

Interface engineering has been extensively used in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs), which proves to be an effective and intelligent approach for surface defect passivation. However, the existing passivation strategy is restricted to the solution process, which results in poor compatibility with vapor-deposited PeLEDs and moderate controllability. Here, we propose a dual-interface modification strategy to facilitate the performance improvement of vapor-deposited all-inorganic red PeLEDs. An ultrathin phenylethanamine bromide (PEABr) layer is introduced to both the upper and lower interfaces of the vapor-deposited perovskite emission layer by vapor deposition. The vapor deposition of the PEABr with fine-controlled film thickness is a reliable and simple process and compatible with vapor-deposited all-inorganic PeLEDs. The dual-interface modification plays an observable role in manipulating the crystallization and surface morphology of the CsPbBrI2 film, which is of significance for the improvement of the PeLEDs' performance. As a result, the red PeLEDs achieve a maximum luminance and external quantum efficiency of 2338 cd/m2 and 1.75%, corresponding to enhancements of 2.75 and 5.25 times compared with those of PeLEDs without PEABr. This approach paves the way to high-efficiency all-evaporated all-inorganic PeLEDs.

IT-business alignment, big data analytics capability, and strategic decision-making: Moderating roles of event criticality and disruption of COVID-19.

Prior research has confirmed the importance of IT-business alignment (ITBA) and big data analytics capability (BDAC) in supporting firms' strategic decision-making under normal circumstances. However, the global outbreak of COVID-19 has significantly changed firms' strategic decision-making landscapes and raised questions regarding the effects of ITBA and BDAC on strategic decision-making as conditioned by COVID-19 characteristics. In this study, we contextualize two important event impact factors (i.e., event criticality and event disruption) in the context of COVID-19 and examine their contingent roles in the effects of ITBA and BDAC on strategic decision-making. Our analyses, based on two-round, multi-respondents matched survey data collected from 175 Chinese firms to elucidate the differential moderating roles of event criticality and disruption of COVID-19 in the impact of ITBA and BDAC on strategic decision speed and quality. The results indicate the event criticality of COVID-19 strengthens the effects of ITBA on decision speed and quality but weakens the influence of BDAC on decision quality. Meanwhile, the event disruption of COVID-19 weakens the influence of ITBA on decision speed and quality but strengthens the effect of BDAC on decision speed and quality. These findings have important theoretical and practical implications, which we discuss in the conclusion.

Corporate crisis management on social media: A morality violations perspective.

Communication via a social network function enabled by social media has greatly empowered consumers' secondary crisis communication, as compared to a firm's crisis communication, and has thus changed corporate crisis management. This study aims to uncover consumers' decision process of engaging in secondary crisis communication in a social media context. Drawing on the social control perspective and impression management theory, this study examines the role of perceived morality violations and consumers' susceptibility to social influence in shaping consumers' secondary crisis communication in corporate crises. Moreover, leveraging cognitive dissonance theory, this study further examines the effects of corporate responses on the process of consumers' secondary crisis communication. A survey design with four scenarios was conducted to test a series of hypotheses relating to the decision process of secondary crisis communication. Our empirical results demonstrate that consumers' approach to secondary crisis communication on social media depends largely to the degree to which they perceive moral violations in the firms' crisis response. The findings also show that consumers tend to want to believe they are doing the "right thing" when considering secondary crisis communication and thus are afraid of being disliked by others for their purchasing decisions related to a firm in crisis. Such social conformance can result in a snowballing of negative word of mouth in product-harm crises cases. Findings contribute to the literature on social media crisis management and consumers' communication behavior on social media during product-harm crises.

1,1-Difluoroethyl chloride (CH3CF2Cl), a novel difluoroalkylating reagent for 1,1-difluoroethylation of arylboronic acids.

1,1-Difluoroethylated aromatics are of great importance in medicinal chemistry and related fields. 1,1-Difluoroethyl chloride (CH3CF2Cl), a cheap and abundant industrial raw material, is viewed as an ideal 1,1-difluoroethylating reagent, but the direct introduction of the difluoroethyl (CF2CH3) group onto aromatic rings using CH3CF2Cl has not been successfully accomplished. Herein, we disclose a nickel-catalyzed 1,1-difluoroethylation of arylboronic acids with CH3CF2Cl for the synthesis of (1,1-difluoroethyl)arenes.