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Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) has been broadly exploited to meet the challenge of water shortage. Despite the significant achievements of AWH, the leakage of hydroscopic salt during the AWH process hinders its practical applications. Herein, inspired by the unique selective permeability of the phospholipid bilayer, a sandwich structural (hydrophobic-hydrophilic-hydrophobic) polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane (San-PAN) was fabricated for AWH. The hydrophilic inner layer loaded with LiCl could capture water from the air. The hydrophobic microchannels in the outer layer could selectively allow the free transmission of gaseous water molecules but confine the hydroscopic salt solution in the hydrophilic layer, achieving continuous and recyclable water sorption/desorption. As demonstrated, the as-prepared AWH devices presented high-efficient adsorption kinetics from 1.66 to 4.08 g g-1 at 30% to 90% relative humidity. Thus, this work strengthens the understanding of the water transmission process along microchannels and provides insight into the practical applications of AWH.
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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in neurological symptoms. In the present study, we intended to explore the mechanism of RSV infection-induced neuroinflammatory injury from the perspective of the immune response and sought to identify effective protective measures against the injury. The findings showed that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was activated after RSV infection in human neuronal SY5Y cells. Furthermore, TLR4 activation induced autophagy and apoptosis in neuronal cells, promoted the formation of the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and increased the secretion of downstream inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Interestingly, blockade of TLR4 or treatment with exogenous melatonin significantly suppressed TLR4 activation as well as TLR4-mediated apoptosis, autophagy and immune responses. Therefore, we infer that melatonin may act on the TLR4 to ameliorate RSV-induced neuronal injury, which provides a new therapeutic target for RSV infection.
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Apoptosis , Autofagia , Inflamasomas , Melatonina , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio , Receptor Toll-Like 4 , Humanos , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Sistema Nervioso Central/virología , Sistema Nervioso Central/metabolismo , Sistema Nervioso Central/efectos de los fármacos , Sistema Nervioso Central/patología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Inflamasomas/efectos de los fármacos , Inflamasomas/metabolismo , Melatonina/farmacología , Neuronas/metabolismo , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/virología , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/efectos de los fármacos , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/virología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/metabolismo , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/inmunología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/patología , Virus Sincitiales Respiratorios/efectos de los fármacos , Virus Sincitiales Respiratorios/fisiología , Receptor Toll-Like 4/efectos de los fármacos , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismoRESUMEN
Sodium ion batteries have attracted great attention for large scale energy storage devices to replace lithium-ion batteries. As a promising polyanionic cathode material of sodium-ion batteries, Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF) belonging to NASICON exhibits large gap space and excellent structural stability, leading to a high energy density and ultralong cycle lifespan. To improve its stability and Na ion mobility, K+ cations are introduced into NVPF crystal as in situ partial substitution for Na+. The influence of K+ in situ substitution on crystal structure, electronic properties, kinetic properties, and electrochemical performance of NVPF are investigated. Through ex situ examination, it turns out that K+ occupied Na1 ion, in which the K+ does not participate in the charge-discharge process and plays a pillar role in improving the mobility of Na+. Moreover, the doping of K+ cation can reduce the bandgap energy and improve the electronic conductivity. Besides, the optimal K+ doping concentration in N0.92K0.08VPF/C is found so as to achieve rapid Na+ migration and reversible phase transition. The specific capacity of N0.92K0.08VPF/C is as high as 128.8 mAh g-1 at 0.2 C, and at 10 C its rate performance is excellent, which shows a capacity of 113.3 mAh g-1.
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Rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered as a new energy storage device for wearable electronic equipment. Nowadays, dendrite growth and uneven deposition of zinc have been the principal problems to suppress the development of high-performance wearable zinc-ion batteries. Herein, a perovskite material of LaAlO3 nanoparticle has been applied for interface engineering and zinc anode protection. By adjusting transport channels and accelerating the Zn2+ diffusion, the hydrogen evolution reaction potential is improved, and electric field distribution on the Zn electrode surface is regulated to navigate the fast and uniform deposition of Zn2+. As a proof of demonstration, the assembled LAO@Zn||MnO2 batteries can display the highest capacity of up to 140 mAh g-1 without noticeable decay even after 1000 cycles. Moreover, a motor-driven fan and electronic wristwatch powered by wearable ZIBs can demonstrate the practical feasibility of LAO@Zn||MnO2 in wearable electronic equipment.
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Previous research results of our group showed that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nucleolin synergistically mediate respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in human central neuron cells, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Here we designed and synthesized lentiviruses with TIR (674-815 aa), TLR4 (del 674-815 aa), GAR (645-707 aa), and NCL (del 645-707 aa) domains, and obtained stable overexpression cell lines by drug screening, and subsequently infected RSV at different time points. Laser confocal microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation were used for the observation of co-localization and interaction of TIR/GAR domains. Western blot analysis was used for the detection of p-NF-κB and LC3 protein expression. Real-time PCR was used for the detection of TLR4/NCL mRNA expression. ELISA assay was used to measure IL-6, IL-1ß, and TNF-α concentrations and flow cytometric analysis was used for the study of apoptosis. Our results suggest that overexpression of TIR and GAR domains can exacerbate apoptosis and autophagy, and that TIR and GAR domains can synergistically mediate RSV infection and activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, which regulates the secretion of downstream inflammatory factors, such as IL-6, IL-1ß, and TNF-α, and ultimately leads to neuronal inflammatory injury.
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Neuroblastoma , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio , Humanos , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Neuronas/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/genética , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Nucleolina , Receptor Toll-Like 4/genética , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Peel browning is a natural phenomenon that adversely affects the appearance of fruits. Research on the regulation of browning in apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) has mainly focused on postharvest storage, while studies at the preharvest stage are relatively rare. Apple is an economically important horticultural crop prone to peel browning during growth, especially when the fruits are bagged (dark conditions). The present study's integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis revealed that preharvest apple peel browning was primarily due to changes in phenolics and flavonoids. The detailed analysis identified MdLAC7's (laccase 7) role in the preharvest apple peel browning process. Transient injection, overexpression, and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of the MdLAC7 gene in apple fruit and calli identified vallinic acid, anthocyanidin, tannic acid, sinapic acid, and catechinic acid as its catalytic substrates. In addition, yeast one-hybrid assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, luciferase reporter assay, and ChIP-PCR analysis revealed that MdWRKY31 binds to the promoter of MdLAC7 and positively regulates its activity to promote peel browning of bagged fruits (dark conditions). Interestingly, upon light exposure, the light-responsive transcription factor MdHY5 (ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5) bound to the promoter of MdWRKY31 and inhibited the gene's expression, thereby indirectly inhibiting the function of MdLAC7. Subsequent analysis showed that MdHY5 binds to the MdLAC7 promoter at the G-box1/2 site and directly inhibits its expression in vivo. Thus, the study revealed the MdLAC7-mediated mechanism regulating preharvest apple peel browning and demonstrated the role of light in inhibiting MdLAC7 activity and subsequently reducing peel browning. These results provide theoretical guidance for producing high-quality apple fruits.
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Malus , Malus/genética , Malus/metabolismo , Transcriptoma/genética , Frutas/genética , Frutas/metabolismo , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , MetabolómicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common sepsis-associated injury that can increase postoperative mortality but the mechanism is still unclear. MAIN TEXT: The role of neutrophils in the pathophysiology of sepsis was deeply challenged after the discovery of NETosis, a process resulting in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release. NETs can support thrombin generation and the concept of immunothrombosis has emerged as a new innate response to infection. Immunothrombosis leads to thrombosis in microvessels and supports immune cells together with specific thrombus-related molecules. ARDS is a common sepsis-associated organ injury. Immunothrombosis participates in thrombosis in pulmonary capillaries. Intervention regarding immunothrombosis in ARDS is a key scientific problem. PAD4 is the key enzyme regulating the NET skeleton protein histone H3 to citrulline histone to form NETs in immune thrombosis. This review summarizes NETosis and immunohaemostasis, ARDS and therapeutic opportunities targeting PAD4 via PAD4 inhibitors and lncRNAs potentially, providing future therapies. CONCLUSIONS: We identified and summarized the fundamental definition of ARDS and the concept of immune thrombosis and its composition. NETs activation has become particularly relevant in the formation of immune thrombosis. The taskforce highlighted the intervention targets of PAD4, including noncoding RNAs, potentially providing future therapeutic targets to confront the high postoperative mortality of ARDS.
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Trampas Extracelulares , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria , Sepsis , Trombosis , Humanos , Trampas Extracelulares/metabolismo , Tromboinflamación , Arginina Deiminasa Proteína-Tipo 4/metabolismo , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Histonas/metabolismo , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/terapia , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/metabolismo , Sepsis/metabolismoRESUMEN
Chronic cocaine exposure induces enduring neuroadaptations that facilitate motivated drug taking. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are known to modulate neuronal firing and pacemaker activity in ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons. However, it remained unknown whether cocaine self-administration affects HCN channel function and whether HCN channel activity modulates motivated drug taking. We report that rat VTA dopamine neurons predominantly express Hcn3-4 mRNA, while VTA GABA neurons express Hcn1-4 mRNA. Both neuronal types display similar hyperpolarization-activated currents (Ih), which are facilitated by acute increases in cAMP. Acute cocaine application decreases voltage-dependent activation of Ih in VTA dopamine neurons, but not in GABA neurons. Unexpectedly, chronic cocaine self-administration results in enhanced Ih selectively in VTA dopamine neurons. This differential modulation of Ih currents is likely mediated by a D2 autoreceptor-induced decrease in cAMP as D2 (Drd2) mRNA is predominantly expressed in dopamine neurons, whereas D1 (Drd1) mRNA is barely detectable in the VTA. Moreover, chronically decreased cAMP via Gi-DREADD stimulation leads to an increase in Ih in VTA dopamine neurons and enhanced binding of HCN3/HCN4 with tetratricopeptide repeat-containing Rab8b-interacting protein (TRIP8b), an auxiliary subunit that is known to facilitate HCN channel surface trafficking. Finally, we show that systemic injection and intra-VTA infusion of the HCN blocker ivabradine reduces cocaine self-administration under a progressive ratio schedule and produces a downward shift of the cocaine dose-response curve. Our results suggest that cocaine self-administration induces an upregulation of Ih in VTA dopamine neurons, while HCN inhibition reduces the motivation for cocaine intake.
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Cocaína , Neuronas Dopaminérgicas , Ratas , Animales , Neuronas Dopaminérgicas/metabolismo , Área Tegmental Ventral/metabolismo , Canales Regulados por Nucleótidos Cíclicos Activados por Hiperpolarización/genética , Canales Regulados por Nucleótidos Cíclicos Activados por Hiperpolarización/metabolismo , Regulación hacia Arriba , Cocaína/farmacología , ARN MensajeroRESUMEN
RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the association between endometrial thickness (EMT) and the birthweight of singleton infants born from frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles? DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2019. Participants were categorized into a natural cycle (NC, nâ¯=â¯8132) group and hormone replacement therapy (HRT, nâ¯=â¯4975) group. Only singleton deliveries were included. The primary outcomes were measures of birthweight and relevant indexes. Multivariable logistic regression and multivariable-adjusted linear regression models that incorporated restricted cubic splines were used. RESULTS: In the HRT group, the risk of delivering a small for gestational age (SGA) infant was increased in women with an EMT <8.0 mm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-2.91) compared with women with an EMT of 8.0 to <12.0 mm, and increased with an EMT ≥12.0 mm (aOR 1.85, 95% CI 1.03-3.33). An inverted U-shaped relationship was found between EMT and birthweight in women with HRT. No significant differences were shown in birthweight z-score, or being SGA or large for gestational age, in singletons among the three EMT groups in the natural cycles. CONCLUSIONS: A thinner endometrium seen in women undergoing HRT cycles was associated with a lower birthweight z-score, as well as a higher risk of SGA. However, no significant association was observed between EMT and birthweight z-score or SGA in the NC group. It is noteworthy that a thicker endometrium was not associated with a higher birthweight in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Women with a thin endometrium who achieve pregnancy require specialized attention, particularly if they are undergoing FET with HRT cycles.
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Peso al Nacer , Transferencia de Embrión , Endometrio , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Endometrio/anatomía & histología , Adulto , Embarazo , Transferencia de Embrión/métodos , Recién Nacido , Vitrificación , Criopreservación , Terapia de Reemplazo de Hormonas , Resultado del Embarazo/epidemiología , Recién Nacido Pequeño para la Edad GestacionalRESUMEN
The large-scale and cross-regional payment for ecosystem services (PES) contributes positively to ecology-economy balance and thus helps prevent environmental challenges such as "sand storm". However, existing PES programs often overlook the connection between service-providing areas (SPAs) and service-benefiting areas (SBAs). Here, we developed an interregional PES framework based on the theory of ecosystem services flow and applied it to the largest Chinese grassland nature reserve, Xilingol Prairie, to quantitatively identify SPAs, SBAs, and flow paths of the ecosystem wind erosion prevention service (WEPS). We showed that, from 2000 to 2020, the grassland ecosystem of Xilingol Prairie had brought an annual WEPS benefit of 1.21 × 108 t/a and economic value of 12.44 × 108 CNY/a, accounting for approximately 107.71% of the GDP in the same area and year and with a slightly increasing trend in most areas. We reveal obvious seasonal (over half in the spring) and interannual variations in the benefit and that Inner Mongolia, Hebei, and Northeast China are the most important beneficiaries of WEPS, rather than Beijing and Tianjin as traditionally thought. Our results warn that the WEPS supply capacity will not last long and call for finer spatial (e.g., among cities) and temporal (e.g., focus on the spring) resolution for PES policy design.
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Ecosistema , Viento , Pradera , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , ChinaRESUMEN
Defects, which are an unavoidable component of the material preparation process, can have a significant impact on the properties of two-dimensional devices. In this work, we investigated theoretically the effects of different types and positions of point defects on band alignment and transport properties of metallic 1T-phase MoS2/semiconducting 2H-phase MoS2 junctions. We found that the Schottky barriers of junctions depend on the type of defects and their locations while showing anisotropic characteristics along the zigzag and armchair directions of 2H-phase MoS2. Moreover, defects in the central scattering region can generate local impurity states and introduce new transmission peaks, while defects at the interface do not generate impurity-state-related transmission peaks. Together, these defect-related peaks and Schottky barriers jointly affect the transport properties of the junctions. Understanding the complex behaviors of defects in devices can make the process of material preparation more efficient by avoiding harm.
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BACKGROUND: Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints. Yet, the underlying mechanisms of constipation remain to be explored deeply. Integration of microbiome and metabolome is powerful and promising to demonstrate characteristics of constipation. AIM OF STUDY: This study aimed to characterize intestinal microbiome and metabolome of constipation. In addition, this study revealed the correlations among behaviors, intestinal microbiota, and metabolites interrupted by constipation. METHODS: Firstly, the constipation model was successfully applied. At the macro level, the ability of learning, memory, locomotor activity, and the defecation index of rats with constipation-like phenotype were characterized. At the micro-level, 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to analyze the intestinal microbiota in rats with constipation-like phenotype. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics was employed to investigate the metabolic phenotype of constipation. In addition, we constructed a correlation network, intuitively showing the correlations among behaviors, intestinal microbiota, and metabolites. RESULTS: Constipation significantly attenuated the locomotor activity, memory recognition, and frequency of defecation of rats, while increased the time of defecation. Constipation significantly changed the diversity of intestinal microbial communities, which correspondingly involved in 5 functional pathways. Besides, 28 fecal metabolites were found to be associated with constipation, among which 14 metabolites were further screened that can be used to diagnose constipation. On top of this, associated networks intuitively showed the correlations among behaviors, intestinal microbiota, and metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings are significant in terms of not only laying a foundation for understanding characteristics of constipation, but also providing accurate diagnosis and treatments of constipation clinically.
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Microbiota , Ratas , Animales , ARN Ribosómico 16S/análisis , Metaboloma/genética , Tracto Gastrointestinal , Estreñimiento/metabolismo , Heces/químicaRESUMEN
Sky-bionic polar co-ordinate navigation is an effective means of providing navigational information in the absence of a priori information. Polar co-ordinate navigation during clear daytime conditions has been studied, but there has been a lack of research of it at night due to problems with noise. Therefore, in this paper, a short-wave infrared polarimetric sensor system is designed, which is capable of acquiring atmospheric polarimetric information in low illumination environments at night, compared with traditional visible band sensors. Additionally, based on the statistics of polarization angle information, an algorithm for removing noise and starlight is proposed to solve the influence of starlight and noise on the polarization information at night. After many outdoor experiments, we found that the method can output the heading angle stably and accurately, and its standard deviation is controlled to be 0.42° in a clear night.
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BACKGROUND: Pilomatricoma (PM) is a cutaneous benign neoplasm derived from the hair matrix. It clinically presents as a solitary and firm nodule overlying normal epidermis and is usually not easy to be noticed at early stage. Nevertheless, when special bullous lesion occurs in a short time or even ulcerates, preoperative diagnosis by a dermatologist is often challenging especially when the pediatric patients refuse biopsy. CASE PRESENTATION: We present six bullous PM cases and particularly conduct correlation analysis on the dermotoscopy and histopathology detection data. The basic information, medical history, symptoms and lesion morphology results of the patients were also provided. We found that the incidence of bullous PM was higher in females than in males, and most patients were adolescents and the predilection location seem to be consistent in the vaccine injection site. The dermatoscopic features of bullous PM reported were luminous yellow structure below, with gray-blue homogeneous areas and branched capillary. The histological features were consistent with PM, and evident epidermis bullae were above the tumor with extraordinary dilation of lymphangion in the upper dermis. The patients described in this study were Chinese patients in Han population included 4 females and 2 males, coincidentally, they are almost teen-age, respectively are 5,11,17,19,21,22 year-old. CONCLUSIONS: This study reported and analyzed the dermotoscopy and clinical characteristics of bullous PM, dermotoscopy may guide as a rapid and reliable technique in bullous PM diagnosis.
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Dermoscopía , Enfermedades del Cabello , Pilomatrixoma , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Pilomatrixoma/patología , Pilomatrixoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutáneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Enfermedades del Cabello/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Cabello/patología , Niño , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Exaggerated airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation are hallmarks of asthma, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure is linked to the severity of the disease and steroid resistance. To investigate the mechanisms underlying asthma exacerbation, we established a mouse model of LPS-induced steroid-resistant exacerbation on the background of house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma to profile the immune cells in lung by using single-cell RNA deep sequencing. Twenty immune subsets were identified by their molecular and functional properties. Specific cell clusters of basophils, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), and CD8+ memory T cells were the predominant sources of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 transcripts whose expressions were dexamethasone resistant. Production of IL-13 by these cells was validated by IL-13-reporter mice. Neutralization of IL-13 abolished HDM/LPS-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, and decreased mucus hypersecretion. Furthermore, using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis systems, we identified canonical pathways and upstream regulators that regulate the activation of basophils, ILC2, and CD8+ memory T cells. Our study provides mechanistic insights and an important reference resource for further understanding of the immune landscape during asthma exacerbation.
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Asma/inmunología , Interleucina-13/metabolismo , Leucocitos/metabolismo , Pulmón/inmunología , Sistema Mononuclear Fagocítico/metabolismo , Transcriptoma , Animales , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Interleucina-4/metabolismo , Lipopolisacáridos , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Pyroglyphidae/inmunología , Análisis de la Célula IndividualRESUMEN
The accumulation of potentially toxic elements in soil poses significant risks to ecosystems and human well-being due to their inherent toxicity, widespread presence, and persistence. The Kangdian metallogenic province, famous for its iron-copper deposits, faces soil pollution challenges due to various potentially toxic elements. This study explored a comprehensive approach that combinescombines the spatial prediction by the two-point machine learning method and ecological-health risk assessment to quantitatively assess the comprehensive potential ecological risk index (PERI), the total hazard index (THI) and the total carcinogenic risk (TCR). The proportions of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) concentrations exceeding the risk screening values (RSVs) were 15.03%, 5.1%, 3.72%, 1.24%, 1.1%, and 0.13%, respectively, across the 725 collected samples. Spatial prediction revealed elevated levels of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, mercury (Hg), and Mn near the mining sites. Potentially toxic elements exert a slight impact on soil, some regions exhibit moderate to significant ecological risk, particularly in the southwest. Children face higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks compared to adults. Mercury poses the highest ecological risk, while chromium (Cr) poses the greatest health hazard for all populations. Oral ingestion represents the highest non-oncogenic and oncogenic risks in all age groups. Adults faced acceptable non-carcinogenic risks. Children in the southwest region confront higher health risks, both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic, from mining activities. Urgent measures are vital to mitigate Hg and Cr contamination while promoting handwashing practices is essential to minimize health risks.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Aprendizaje Automático , Metales Pesados , Contaminantes del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Medición de Riesgo , Humanos , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , China , Metales Pesados/análisis , Minería , Niño , Adulto , Suelo/química , Arsénico/análisisRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The left bundle branch block (LBBB) is associated with ventricular septal mid-wall fibrosis (SMF) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, whether LBBB is also associated with SMF in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) remains unclear. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 210 patients with preserved LVEF (male, n = 116; female, n = 94; mean age, 44 ± 17 years). LBBB was defined as QRS duration ≥140 ms for men or ≥ 130 ms for women, QS or rS in V1-V2, mid-QRS notching or slurring in at least two leads (V1, V2, V5, V6, I, and aVL). SMF determined by late gadolinium-enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance was defined as stripe-like or patchy mid-myocardial hyper-enhancement in the interventricular septal segments. RESULTS: SMF was detected in 24.8% (52/210) of these patients. The proportion of patients with SMF with LBBB was higher than the proportion of patients with SMF without LBBB (58.3% vs. 20.4%; P < 0.001). In the forward multivariate logistic analysis, LBBB (OR, 4.399; 95% CI, 1.774-10.904; P = 0.001) and age (OR, 1.028; 95% CI, 1.006-1.051; P = 0.011) were independently associated with SMF. The presence of LBBB showed a sensitivity of 27%%, specificity of 94%, positive predictive value of 58%%, and negative predictive value of 80% for the detection of SMF. CONCLUSION: LBBB was significantly associated with SMF in hospitalized patients with preserved LVEF. Screening with a resting 12lead ECG may help to identify patients who are at a high risk of the presence of SMF.
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Función Ventricular Izquierda , Tabique Interventricular , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Volumen Sistólico , Bloqueo de Rama/diagnóstico , Electrocardiografía , Estudios Retrospectivos , FibrosisRESUMEN
Education expenditure is essential in mitigating air pollution, but the relationship between education expenditure and air pollution lacks in-depth discussion. Utilizing data at the county level in China during 2007-2021, this study estimates the effect of education expenditure from local governments on air pollution. Our findings demonstrate that education expenditure significantly and negatively affects air pollution, which remains robust after addressing endogeneity. The mechanism analysis presents that education expenditure reduces air pollution through the composition, technique, and income effects. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that the impact of education expenditure exhibits marked regional heterogeneity. Specifically, the role of education expenditure is significant in strong regulation, key, eastern, and central regions. By considering interaction terms, we identify the moderating effects of human capital, economic development, infrastructure construction, and public service for education expenditure. The cost-benefit analysis emphasizes that education expenditure improves social welfare. Our findings can inspire local governments to place more emphasis on air quality and public education expenditure.
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Contaminación del Aire , China , Humanos , Educación , Análisis Costo-BeneficioRESUMEN
Large but overlooked carbon inequalities among counties in China matter for the design of mitigation strategies. Here, we investigated the spatial heterogeneity of carbon inequality across 2236 county-level units nationwide from 2000 to 2020, refining carbon compensation zone types based on land functional zoning and estimating their carbon compensation values using a modified compensation model. Our results showed that China's carbon inequality consistently exceeded the cautionary threshold of 0.4 on the Gini coefficient. Significant spatial variations in carbon intensity were observed, notably concentrated in the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta, indicating a pronounced core-periphery structure. The nonlinear relationships among carbon emission pressure (CEP), land use intensity (LUI), economy contributive coefficient (ECC), and ecological support coefficient (ESC) were identified. CEP and ECC posed initial increases followed by decreases with LUI, while ESC decreased with increasing LUI. The inverted U-curve between ECC and CEP suggested that most county-level cities have yet to reach the decoupling tipping point. Based on spatial comparative advantage, we identified 625 payment zones, 666 equilibrium zones, and 945 recipient zones, culminating in nine types of carbon compensation zones aligned with land functional objectives. Our study provides a new county-level carbon compensation zoning approach that can achieve carbon equity.
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Carbono , ChinaRESUMEN
A notable ambiguity persists concerning whether distinct forms of parent-child triangulation (unstable coercive coalition, stable coalition, detouring-attacking, detouring supportive, parentification) might mediate the association between interparental conflict and early adolescent depressive symptoms similarly within the context of Chinese Confucianism. Filling this research gap, this study aimed to examine the mediating role of the five dimensions of parent-child triangulation in the association between interparental conflict and early adolescent depressive symptoms, as well as the moderating effect of grandparent support on this mediating pathway. Data were drawn from a sample of 761 Chinese adolescents (M age = 12.82 ± 0.47, 49.1% girls). Structural equation model analyses indicated that unstable coercive coalition, stable coalition, and detouring-attacking behaviors partially mediated the association between interparental conflict and adolescent depressive symptoms, while detouring-supportive behaviors and parentification did not demonstrate such mediating effects. Unlike Western societies, a negative correlation was observed between interparental conflict and parentification in the context of China. Grandparent support mitigated the adverse effects of both interparental conflict and the unstable coercive coalition on early adolescent depressive symptoms.