RESUMEN
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive degenerative neuromuscular disease of insidious onset. It involves upper and lower motor neurons and causes both spastic and atrophic muscular symptoms. More than one fourth of patients have complaints relating to the head and neck (bulbar palsy); thus, the otolaryngologist may be the first physician to see them. In bulbar forms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, voice and/or swallowing difficulties are often the initial signs of disturbance. Predominant symptoms are slurred speech, hoarseness, dysphagia, and dyspnea. Muscular weakness, atrophy, and fasciculation are noted on examination. We show a case and revise bibliography.
Asunto(s)
Esclerosis Amiotrófica Lateral/complicaciones , Trastornos de Deglución/etiología , Trastornos de la Voz/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
A clinical case of a woman with AIDS who developed lymphoma of the nasopharynx and paralysis of the VII, IX and XII cranial nerves is reported. The probable origin of the paralysis in relation to AIDS and lymphoma is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Linfoma Relacionado con SIDA/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
The Rhodococcus equi is an aerobic gram positive pleomorphic bacillus, that was isolated for the first time like a producer of bronchopneumonia in young horses. Every time more often, it is being recognized as a pathogen in humans, mainly in the immunodepressed population. We described a case, until now exceptional, of laryngeal infection by Rhodococcus equi in a patient with positive serology for the virus of the human immunodeficiency (HIV), and we reviewed some clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the infections by this germ. The treatment is riphampicine and/or erythromycin, being the prognosis bad, because usually they are immunodepressed patients.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/complicaciones , Infecciones por Actinomycetales/microbiología , Laringitis/complicaciones , Laringitis/microbiología , Rhodococcus equi/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Actinomycetales/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antibióticos Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Eritromicina/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Mucosa Laríngea/microbiología , Mucosa Laríngea/patología , Laringitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Rifampin/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica es una enfermedad neuromuscular degenerativa de comienzo insidioso. Afecta a las neuronas superiores e inferiores y causa síntomas espásticos y atróficos. Más de un cuarto de los pacientes tienen sintomatología referida a cabeza y cuello (parálisis bulbar), por lo que el otorrinolaringólogo puede ser el primer médico en diagnosticarlo. En las formas bulbares de esclerosis lateral amiotrófica, las alteraciones en la voz y la deglución son a menudo los síntomas iniciales de la enfermedad. Los sín tomas predominantes son los trastornos del habla, disfonía, disfagia y disnea. Debilidad muscular, atrofia y fasciculaciones pueden encontrarse también en la exploración. Presentamos un caso y revisamos la bibliografía al respecto
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive degenerative neuromuscular disease of insidious onset. It involves upper and lower motor neurons and causes both spastic and atrophic muscular symptoms. More than one fourth of patients have complaints relating to the head and neck (bulbar palsy); thus, the otolaryngologist may be the first physician to see them. In bulbar forms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, voice and/or swallowing difficulties are often the initial signs of disturbance. Predominant symptoms are slurred speech, hoarseness, dysphagia, and dyspnea. Muscular weakness, atrophy, and fasciculation are noted on examination