[T plasty for the treatment of skin forehead defects]. / La plastie en T pour la reconstruction des pertes de substances cutanées du front.

INTRODUCTION: The closure of the skin defect of the forehead area with local flap must prevent the distortions of the eyebrow and hairlines and must limit the visibility of the scars. The H plasty is the most common procedure to treat this kind of defect but the scars are extensive and numerous. The H cutaneous flap presents necrosis risks if the skin is thin and the defect important. The H musculocutaneous flap presents sensitive and motors lesions risks. The T cutaneous flap is a good choice because of its excellent cosmetic result and minimized risks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients have been treated by the same surgeon between 2006 and 2012 with T cutaneous flap in order to treat forehead and temples' skin defects (the surface goes from 1.5 to 15cm). RESULTS: Excisions were completed in the every 26 cases. We had excellent cosmetic result and no complications such as necrosis, infection, sensitive and motor troubles after the surgery. DISCUSSION: The T plasty is easy for treating skin forehead defects. The scars are 25% less extensive than with a H plasty. The T flap permits to treat important defects without distortion or risks. CONCLUSION: The T cutaneous flap can easily substitute the H plasty for the forehead and temples reconstruction with no risks but good cosmetics results.

[Breast reconstruction by musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap with single scar and transverse paddle]. / Lambeau musculocutané de grand dorsal à cicatrice unique et palette transversale en reconstruction mammaire.

AIMS OF THE STUDY: One of the most frequently used flap in breast reconstruction after mastectomy is the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap. We present a novel method of sampling by extending the mastectomy scar back until the skin paddle. On the one hand, this technique facilitates the transfer of the flap in thoracic region, on the other hand, it allows for larger skin paddle and maximize new breast contour reintegrating the ear skin during the modeling. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The data of 37 patients operated by this technique between 2006 and 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. Cosmetic results were analyzed from photographs by a plastic surgeon who was not the operator. RESULTS: The results were highly satisfactory in 45% cases, satisfactory in 40% of cases, fair in 12% of cases and inadequate in 3% of cases. CONCLUSION: The main advantage of this technique is to collect large skin paddle with a larger width at the ends through increasing opportunities for modeling.

[Management of five pediatric cases of orbital floor fractures]. / Prise en charge de cinq cas de fracture du plancher orbitaire chez l'enfant.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the management of orbital floor fractures and their aftereffects in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied five children with isolated orbital floor fractures who were operated (with a perioperative steroid and antibiotic treatment) between 1998 and 2007 in our pediatric hospital. At the first visit, they all had a complete clinical examination, a Hess-Lancaster test, and a computed tomography (CT) scan. At the last visit, they all had a clinical examination and four children underwent a Hess-Lancaster test. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 26 months (range, 4-100 months), no child had diplopia, all Hess-Lancaster tests were normal, and two children suffered from infraorbital hypoesthesia. CONCLUSION: Surgical repair associated with steroids and antibiotics in orbital floor fracture with our surgical indications has led to good functional results with minimal complications.