Technological acceptance and features needed in mobile health apps development for people living with dementia and their caregivers in Indonesia.

In Indonesia, the number of People Living with Dementia (PLWD) is predicted to be rising continuously. PLWD need help operating cell phones for their daily needs. Numerous mobile health applications have been innovated to deliver better dementia care. The objective of this study is to identify the technological acceptance and features needed by PLWD and caregivers in Indonesia. This study started with questionnaire development through focused-group discussion with experts, caregivers and PLWD. It was followed by item development involving experts in geriatrics (psychiatry, internal medicine, medical rehabilitation and neurology) to prepare an online questionnaire. We considered using jargon and words that are familiar to users. The data collected was analyzed for the technological acceptance model (TAM) using Structural Equation Model (SEM). This study showed that perceived usefulness and ease of use of the technology have positively correlated to the actual use. This study reflects the need for social connectedness and information for PLWD. For caregivers, the main feature needed is information related to dementia symptoms and treatment. The understanding gained from this study can be used to improve strategies related to developing mobile health technology for PLWD and caregivers.

Differences in syntactic and semantic analysis based on machine learning algorithms in prodromal psychosis and normal adolescents.

Schizophrenia has the main symptom of psychosis which is characterized by speech incoherence due to thought process disturbance. Before schizophrenia, there is a prodromal phase of psychosis in adolescence. Early recognition of this phase is important to prevent the development of symptoms into a severe mental disorder. Machine learning technology can be used to predict thought process disturbance through syntactic and semantic analysis of speech. This study aims to describe the differences in syntactic and semantic analysis in prodromal psychosis and normal adolescents. The research subjects consisted of 70 adolescents aged 14-19 years which were divided into 2 groups. Based on the results of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B) Indonesian version, the subjects were split into two groups: prodromal and normal. All participants were voice-recorded during interviews using an open-ended qualitative questionnaire. Syntactic and semantic analysis was carried out on all data which amounted to 1017 phrase segments and classified by machine learning. This is the first study in Indonesia to compare the analysis of syntactic and semantic aspects in prodromal psychosis and normal adolescent populations. There were significant differences in syntactic and semantic analysis between groups of adolescents with prodromal psychosis and normal adolescents at the minimum value of coherence and frequency of use of nouns, personal pronouns, subordinate conjunctions, adjectives, prepositions, and proper nouns.

Burnout dimension profiles among healthcare workers in Indonesia.

Background: Besides biological impact, COVID-19 also poses a threat to psychological wellbeing and the quality of life. Healthcare workers, especially those assuming a front-line post, are at a higher risk of being affected, both physically and psychologically. This study aims to analyse variables potentially associated with burnout and psychological distress among healthcare workers with various health center stratifications, where we commenced a nationwide survey to establish the baseline data. Method: An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on the 11th - September 18, 2020. Participants were enrolled from healthcare institutions represented by epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, which were Java, Sumatra, Bali, and were asked questionnaires, including the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Somatic Symptom Scale 8 (SSS-8), also Well-Being Index (WBI). A linear mixed effect model was used to analyse how three dimensions of burnout vary across occupations. Results: A total of 3629 healthcare workers were analysed in this study. Burnout syndrome was found in 37.5% of healthcare workers. The prevalence of burnout among medical personnel, nurses, and midwives was 44.6%, 33.5%, and 36.2%, respectively. The prevalence of burnout in healthcare workers was most common in Java (38.4%) and healthcare workers who work in the hospital (28.6%). Based on the burnout dimensions, 48.2% of healthcare workers experienced moderate to high emotional exhaustion, 51.8% moderate to high depersonalization, and 96.9% high personal accomplishment. The R 2 values was 0.33,0.28,0.27 for emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment model. Calculated power of the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization model was 100% for both midwife and nurse variable. Meanwhile, the power of the personal accomplishment model was 100% for midwife and 94.7% for nurse variable. Conclusion: The extent of the three burnout dimensions is pervasive in all occupational levels and the place of work (hospital/community health center).

Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) as a Framework to Understand Compliance Issues With Health Protocols Among People Undergoing Isolation at Emergency Hospital for COVID-19 Wisma Atlet Kemayoran and RSCM Kiara Ultimate Jakarta Indonesia.

Introduction: This study aims to identify the psychosocial determinants and examine the mediation mechanisms of the compliance with COVID-19 health protocols among people undergoing isolation in health facilities that specifically treat COVID-19 cases in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which used socio-cognitive approach, known as the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA), to understand the complexity of issues related to compliance with health protocols. A total of 1,584 subjects participated in this study, including 865 men and 719 women over the age of 18 years old during the data collection period (October 19-26, 2020). The data were collected using questionnaire that was developed by a team of experts from the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, and survivors. The data that has been collected were then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling, a multivariate data analysis technique. Results: The final research model in this study fulfills the criteria for a good model fit. This study found that individuals who have strong self-efficacy regarding their ability to implement behaviors and overcome obstacles will have stronger intent to comply in the future. The study also found that stronger intent will lead to stronger planning, and planning was found mediating intention and compliance with health protocols. Conclusion: This research model is comprehensive and useful in understanding compliance with health protocols among people undergoing isolation in health facilities for COVID-19 (Wisma Atlet and RSCM Kiara Ultimate). Having intent (related to the risk perception, outcome expectancies, and self-efficacy) and having a plan can positively influence the behavior of people undergoing isolation, resulting in better compliance to health protocols. The understanding gained from this study can be used to improve strategies related to compliance with health protocols against COVID-19 in the communities.

Psychological distress among Greater Jakarta area residents during the COVID-19 pandemic and community containment.

INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging pandemic affecting the global population. Community-based quarantine can slow down the pandemic growth while adversely affecting population-wide psychological well-being. Affected psychological well-being could potentially influence population compliance in following stipulated community quarantine procedures. AIM: The aim was to quantify psychological distress among Greater Jakarta area residents during the community containment period. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to measure depression, anxiety, and stress levels using the Indonesian version of the DASS-21. Demographic data on sex, education strata, and working/productive-age group were also collected. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational analytic study employed an online questionnaire involving participants acquired through snowball sampling. The questionnaire comprises two parts: demographic data and psychological distress indicators. Linear regression evaluated psychological distress as a response variable. RESULTS: Among 1,205 women and 824 men, our findings suggested male sex, age in the range of 15-24 years, and having a bachelor's degree or professional qualification have a strong association with psychological distress. CONCLUSION: By addressing the population at risk, policymakers can identify better countermeasures for preventing psychological distress.

Screening of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Patients with Epilepsy: Using a Valid and Reliable Indonesian Version of Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7).

INTRODUCTION: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common types of anxiety disorder in epilepsy population, comprising 21.9%, that would further impair patients' quality of life. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) is the only screening tool for GAD that has been validated in patients with epilepsy (PWE). It is a self-reporting instrument that can be completed in less than three minutes; hence, its usage is appropriate in primary healthcare and neurology outpatient clinic. This study aimed to obtain a valid and reliable Indonesian version of GAD-7, assess its accuracy, and finally evaluate the prevalence of GAD in Indonesian PWE along with its contributing factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta. The GAD-7 was translated and adapted using World Health Organization (WHO) steps. Validity, reliability, test-retest reliability, and diagnostic accuracy were evaluated. Then, epilepsy outpatients were screened for GAD using the Indonesian version of GAD-7. RESULTS: Internal validity and reliability for Indonesian version of GAD-7 were satisfactory with validity coefficient of 0.648 to 0.800 (p<0.01) and Cronbach's alpha value of 0.867. The best cutoff value to detect GAD in Indonesian PWE was >6 with the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of 100%, 84.4%, 100%, and 55.8%, respectively. ROC analysis showed the area under the curve of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-0.99). The total subjects screened with the validated Indonesian version of GAD-7 were 146, and 49% were screened as having GAD. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics had no statistically significant association with the presence of GAD. CONCLUSION: The Indonesian version of GAD-7 was a valuable screening tool to detect GAD in PWE. GAD was screened in a quite high proportion of PWE. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were not proven to play role in its development.