RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The TP53 codon 72 Proline-Arginine polymorphism (TP53 P72R) is the most widely studied candidate among those evaluated for a putative association between impaired apoptosis and glaucoma. Considering the earlier findings about enhanced apoptotic potential by the Arg variant of TP53 P72R and the conflicting results about its association with glaucoma, we initiated a hospital-based case-control association study in a north Indian cohort to investigate the association of TP53 P72R with glaucoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the status of TP53 P72R in 139 cases of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and in 111 cases of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) with respect to 218 controls using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Logistic regression analysis including age and gender as covariates was carried out to test the association of the polymorphism with overall glaucoma, POAG, and PACG cases. RESULTS: We observed significant differences between the genotypic distributions of combined glaucoma cases and controls in the recessive model. POAG cases with respect to controls did not exhibit any significant differences in the genotypic distributions. In contrast, the genotypic distributions as per the additive and recessive models in PACG cases were significantly different from those in controls. The two models suggested an increased risk of PACG in the Arg homozygotes of the investigated cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Ours is the first study demonstrating the association of TP53 P72R with the risk of PACG. It emphasizes that apart from narrow anterior chamber angle, impaired apoptotic mechanisms could also be an important contributor toward PACG.
Asunto(s)
Codón/genética , Glaucoma de Ángulo Cerrado/genética , Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Anciano , Pueblo Asiatico/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Técnicas de Genotipaje , Glaucoma de Ángulo Cerrado/diagnóstico , Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto/diagnóstico , Humanos , India , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
A 28-year-old woman presented with pain and redness in her left eye. On examination, a free-floating cyst of size 4 mm with prominent scolex was observed in the anterior chamber. Scolex was occasionally moving in and out of its bag. To prevent the cyst migrating to the posterior chamber, pilocarpine eye drops were instilled. After 2 hours, the patient developed total pupilary block with iris bombe. The intraocular tension was 48 mm Hg. The diagnosis of cysticercosis leading to glaucoma secondary to pupilary block was made. The cyst was removed surgically by viscoexpression. The histopathology proved to be a cysticercosis.
Asunto(s)
Cámara Anterior/parasitología , Cisticercosis/complicaciones , Infecciones Parasitarias del Ojo/complicaciones , Glaucoma/etiología , Trastornos de la Pupila/etiología , Adulto , Cámara Anterior/cirugía , Cisticercosis/cirugía , Infecciones Parasitarias del Ojo/cirugía , Femenino , Glaucoma/diagnóstico , Humanos , Presión Intraocular , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Oftalmológicos , Trastornos de la Pupila/diagnósticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Mycotic keratitis is a fungal infection of the cornea. This infection is difficult to treat and it can lead to severe visual impairment or blindness. It is worldwide in distribution, but is more common in the tropics and subtropical regions. Trauma is the major predisposing factor, followed by ocular and systemic defects, prior application of corticosteroids, and prolonged use of antibiotic eye-drops. The objective of this study was to determine causative agents and to identify the predisposing factors of mycotic keratitis. METHODOLOGY: Corneal scrapings from 90 corneal ulcer patients with suspected fungal etiology were subjected to direct examination by 10% KOH mount, Gram stain and culture. RESULTS: This study included 90 subjects with corneal ulcers, based on clinical suspicion, of whom 41 cases were diagnosed with mycotic keratitis in the laboratory. Among these 41 cases, culture showed fungal growth only in 36 cases whereas the remaining five cases were positive only by potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation. Males were more commonly affected and were mostly in the age group of 31-40 years. Aspergillus flavus was the most common fungus isolated followed by fusarium solani. CONCLUSION: Rapid diagnosis and early institution of antifungal therapy is necessary to prevent ocular morbidity and blindness. Although culture helps in definite diagnosis and identification, direct microscopic detection of fungal structures in corneal scrapes or biopsies permits a rapid presumptive diagnosis.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/etiología , Queratitis/etiología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Aspergilosis/etiología , Aspergilosis/patología , Aspergillus flavus/aislamiento & purificación , Biopsia/métodos , Córnea/microbiología , Córnea/patología , Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/patología , Femenino , Fusarium/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Hidróxidos , India , Indicadores y Reactivos , Queratitis/patología , Masculino , Compuestos de Potasio , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
We report on a case of subconjunctival cysticercosis in a patient who presented with redness on the medial side, fever, and pain and swelling on the inside of the right eye. There was no diplopia, restriction of ocular movements in any gaze or diminution of vision. Cyst excision was scheduled and oral albendazole was administered. However, the cyst extruded spontaneously prior to surgery.