RESUMEN
Radon (Rn), a ubiquitous radioactive noble gas, is the main source of natural radiation to human and one of the major culprits for lung cancer. Reducing ambient Rn concentration by porous materials is considered as the most feasible and energy-saving option to lower this risk, but the in-depth Rn removal under ambient conditions remains an unresolved challenge, mainly due to the weak van der Waals (vdW) interaction between inert Rn and adsorbents and the extremely low partial pressure (<1.8 × 10-14 bar, <106 Bq/m3) of Rn in air. Adsorbents having either favorable adsorption thermodynamics or feasible diffusion kinetics perform poorly in in-depth Rn removal. Herein, we report the discovery of a metal-organic framework (ZIF-7-Im) for efficient Rn capture guided by computational screening and modeling. The size-matched pores in ZIF-7-Im abide by the thermodynamically favorable principle and the exquisitely engineered quasi-open apertures allow for feasible kinetics with little sacrifice of sorption thermodynamics. The as-prepared material can reduce the Rn concentration from hazardous levels to that below the detection limit of the Rn detector under ambient conditions, with an improvement of at least two orders of amplitude on the removal depth compared to the currently best-performing and only commercialized material activated charcoal.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Radiactivos del Aire , Estructuras Metalorgánicas , Monitoreo de Radiación , Radón , Contaminantes Radiactivos del Aire/análisis , Gases , Humanos , Cinética , Radón/análisis , TermodinámicaRESUMEN
A three-dimensional microporous thorium-based metal-organic framework (Th-BPYDC-I) that features a suitable pore size for Xe was prepared. The pore confinement effect enables high Xe uptake (2.15 mmol g-1) and good Xe/Kr selectivity (7.49). This work highlights the critical role of the size-matching rule in noble gas separation and provides an alternative option for Xe/Kr separation.